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Difference between revisions of "Aegle marmelos - Bilva"

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[[File:Aegle marmelos flower 02.JPG|thumb|right|''Bilva'']]
 
[[File:Aegle marmelos flower 02.JPG|thumb|right|''Bilva'']]
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'''Bilva''' consists of pulp of entire, unripe or half ripe fruits of Aegle marmelos Carr. (Fam. Rutaceae), a tree, attaining a height of 12 m growing wild and also cultivated throughout the country, rind of fruit is removed and pulp is bruised and dried<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA"/>
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'''Bilva''' consists of pulp of entire, unripe or half ripe fruits of Aegle marmelos Carr, It is a tree, attaining a height of 12 m growing wild and also cultivated throughout the country, rind of fruit is removed and pulp is bruised and dried.<ref name="Description"/>
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Nasal bleeding}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Skin disease}}, {{Uses|Intestinal worms}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Vomiting}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Stomachache}}, {{Uses|Infection in intestine}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
  
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==Uses==
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===Food===
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{{Uses|Blisters in mouths}}, {{Uses|mouth sores}}, {{Uses|bleeding piles}}, {{Uses|leucorrhoea}}, {{Uses|Mild diabetes}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|physical weakness}}, {{Uses|ulcer}}, {{Uses|Urinary trouble}}, {{Uses|snakebite}}, {{Uses|infection in intestine}}.
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Bilva can be used in food. Ripe fruit pulp is eaten raw and also used for making soft drinks and jam<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Seeds}}, {{Parts Used|stem}}, {{Parts Used|leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}.
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{{Parts Used|Seeds}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Marmalosin, tannins, mucilage, fatty oil and sugar.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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A number of coumarins (including xanthotoxol and alloimperatorin methyl ether), flavonoids (including rutin and marmesin), alkaloids (including alpha-fagarine), sterols and essential oils have been isolated from plant parts. Pectin is an important constituent of the fruit. <ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Bilva|ml=Koovalam|sa=Shreephala|ta=Vilvam|te=Maredu|hi=Bela, Sriphal, Bel|en=Bengal Quince, Bael fruit|mr=Bel, Baela|gu=Bill, Bilum, Bilvaphal|pa=Bil|ks=Bel}}
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{{Common names|kn=Bilva patre|ml=Koovalam|sa=Shreephala|ta=Vilvam|te=Maredu|hi=Bela, Sriphal|en=Bengal Quince, Bael fruit|mr=Bel, Baela|gu=Bill, Bilum, Bilvaphal|pa=Bil|ks=Bel}}
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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Balya, [[Deepana]], Grahya, Paacana
 
Balya, [[Deepana]], Grahya, Paacana
 
===Prabhava===
 
===Prabhava===
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 +
===Nutritional components===
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Bilva contains the Following nutritional components like Thiamine, Ribofl avin, Vitamin - C, Niacin; Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium Zinc<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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{{Habit|}}
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{{Habit|Tree}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Paripinnate|Oblong|Leaf Arrangementis Alternate-spiral}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Alternate|Trifoliate|Each leaflet 5-14 x 2–6 cm, ovate with tapering or pointed tip and rounded base, untoothed or with shallow rounded teeth. Young leaves are pale green or pinkish}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|pink||Flowering throughout the year and In terminal and/or axillary pseudoracemes}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|1.5 to 2 cm|Pale green or yellowish||The four or five petals of 6–8 mm overlap in the bud and The ovary is bright green with an inconspicuous disc, Flowering season: March-June}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|oblong pod|Thinly septate, pilose, wrinkled|||seeds upto 5|Fruiting throughout the year}}
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{{Fruit|Globose or slightly pear-shaped|The bael fruit typically has a diameter of between 5 and 12  cm|||Many|Fruiting on March-June}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Bilvādileha]]
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*[[Citraka Harītakī]]
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}
  
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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==Cultivation Details==
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Development of seedlings is very slow, and need to be in the nursery for at least a year<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Bilva's availability period is from March to June<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|tropical}}, {{Commonly seen|Caribbean Islands}}, {{Commonly seen|subtropical}}, {{Commonly seen|pinelands}}, {{Commonly seen|hammocks}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Temperate area}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Aegle marmelos flower 02.JPG
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Aegle marmelos flowers 03.JPG|Buds
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Aegle marmelos flowers 03.JPG
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Aegle marmelos 03.JPG|Leaves
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Aegle marmelos 03.JPG
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Aegle marmelos (L.)Correa.jpg|Nuts
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Aegle marmelos bark 01.JPG
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Aegle marmelos flower 02.JPG|Flower
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Aegle marmelos (L.)Correa.jpg
 
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−
 
 
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">["Chemistry"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[ "Morphology"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "Cultivation detail"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.nmpb.nic.in/sites/default/files/publications/bael.pdf Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA">THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 35.</ref>  
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<ref name="Description">THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 35.</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:239</ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.18, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA]  
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* [http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf The ayurevedic pharmacopoea of India]
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* [https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/bilva Bilva on wisdom library]
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* [https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/aegle.html Bilva on citrusvariety education]
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Rutaceae]]
  
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]

Latest revision as of 17:13, 21 February 2023

Bilva

Bilva consists of pulp of entire, unripe or half ripe fruits of Aegle marmelos Carr, It is a tree, attaining a height of 12 m growing wild and also cultivated throughout the country, rind of fruit is removed and pulp is bruised and dried.[1]

Uses

Fever, Nasal bleeding, Diarrhoea, Skin disease, Intestinal worms, Cough, Diabetes, Vomiting, Cough, Stomachache, Infection in intestine.[2]

Food

Bilva can be used in food. Ripe fruit pulp is eaten raw and also used for making soft drinks and jam[3]

Parts Used

Seeds, Leaves, Leaves[3]

Chemical Composition

A number of coumarins (including xanthotoxol and alloimperatorin methyl ether), flavonoids (including rutin and marmesin), alkaloids (including alpha-fagarine), sterols and essential oils have been isolated from plant parts. Pectin is an important constituent of the fruit. [4]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Bilva patre
Hindi Bela, Sriphal
Malayalam Koovalam
Tamil Vilvam
Telugu Maredu
Marathi Bel, Baela
Gujarathi Bill, Bilum, Bilvaphal
Punjabi Bil
Kashmiri Bel
Sanskrit Shreephala
English Bengal Quince, Bael fruit


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Katu (Pungent), Tikta, Kashaya

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)

Veerya

Ushna (heat)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Balya, Deepana, Grahya, Paacana

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Bilva contains the Following nutritional components like Thiamine, Ribofl avin, Vitamin - C, Niacin; Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium Zinc[3]

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Alternate Trifoliate Each leaflet 5-14 x 2–6 cm, ovate with tapering or pointed tip and rounded base, untoothed or with shallow rounded teeth. Young leaves are pale green or pinkish

[5]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 1.5 to 2 cm Pale green or yellowish The four or five petals of 6–8 mm overlap in the bud and The ovary is bright green with an inconspicuous disc, Flowering season: March-June

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Globose or slightly pear-shaped The bael fruit typically has a diameter of between 5 and 12 cm Many Fruiting on March-June

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds

Cultivation Details

Development of seedlings is very slow, and need to be in the nursery for at least a year[6]. Bilva's availability period is from March to June[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Temperate area.

Photo Gallery

  • Buds

  • Leaves

  • Nuts

  • Flower

References

  1. ↑ THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 35.
  2. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:239
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.18, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  4. ↑ Constituents
  5. ↑ Morphology
  6. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos_-_Bilva&oldid=57131"