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Difference between revisions of "Myristica fragrans - Mayaphala"

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'''Quercus infectoria''' ('''Aleppo oak''') is a species of oak, bearing galls that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally. Quercus infectoria or locally known as Manjakani in Malaysia
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[[File:Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിതൈ.JPG|thumb|right]]
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'''Quercus infectoria''' is a species of oak, bearing galls that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally. Quercus infectoria or locally known as Manjakani in Malaysia
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Bleeding piles}}, {{Uses|Rectal bleeding}}, {{Uses|Irritable bowel syndrome}}, {{Uses|Liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Rectal prolapse}}, {{Uses|Uterine prolapse}}, {{Uses|Leucorrhea}}, {{Uses|Vaginitis}}, {{Uses|Toothache}}, {{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Cracked foot}}, {{Uses|Impotence}}, {{Uses|Toothache}}, {{Uses|Insomnia}}, {{Uses|Cough}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
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Aleppo oak is a small tree native of Greece and Asia Minor, with four to six feet in height. The stems are crooked, shrubby looking with smooth and bright-green leaves borne on short petioles of 1 to 1.5 inches long. The leaves are bluntly mucronate, rounded, smooth, unequal at the base and shiny on the upper side. Meanwhile,Quercus infectoria galls are corrugated and can be used as a thickener in stews or mixed with cereals for making bread.
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Jakayi}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
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*The galls arise on young branches of this tree as a result of attacks by gall wasps.
 
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*Also known as Majuphal in Indian traditional medicine, manjakani has been used as dental powder and in the treatment of toothache and gingivitis.<ref name="uses"/>
 
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*Nowadays, gallnut extracts are also widely used in pharmaceuticals, food and feed additives, dyes, inks, and metallurgy.
 
  
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==Common name==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Gallic Acid & Tannic Acid are found in Manjakani<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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* '''English''' - Oak Galls
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==Common names==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಮಾಚಿಕಾಯಿ
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{{Common names|kn=ಜಾಕಾಯಿ Jakayi, ಜಾತೀಫಲ Jatiphala |ml=Majakaanee, Mashikkay|sa=Mayaphala, Majuphul|ta=Machakaai, Masikki|te=Machikaaya|hi=Maajoophal, Majuphal|en=Oak Galls, Magic Nuts}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
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* '''Hindi''' -  Maajoophal
 
  
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== References ==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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<references>
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===Dravya===
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<ref name="uses">Kottakkal AVS. (1995). Indian Medicinal Plants. 4. Orient Longman Ltd.</ref>
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===Rasa===
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Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)
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===Veerya===
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Sheeta (cold)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Pitta
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===Prabhava===
 +
 
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Shrub}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Estipulate; petiole 9-15 mm long, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 9-18 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual||Yellow|9-12|Male flowers: 3-5 in axillary cymes, urceolate; pedicels drooping; bracts deciduous; bracteoles persistent. Flowering from June to September}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Fleshy capsule|5 cm||Aril red, lacinate; seed brown|Fruiting from June to September}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Dadimavaleha]], [[Nasika churna]], [[Mrita sanjeevani gulika]], [[Agnisandipana rasa]], [[Arimedaadi Taila]], [[Ashwagandhaadi rasaayana]], [[Ashwinikumaara rasa]], [[Ardakaandava Lehya]], [[Aaditya rasa]], [[Ananda Bairava rasa]], [[Aarogyakara Kasturi Maatre]], [[Eranda Paaka]], [[Karpoora Rasa]], [[Karpooraadi Churna]], [[Karpooraadi Rasa]], [[Kasturyadi Gutika]], [[Coughlet]], [[Kaamini Vidraavan rasa]], [[Kumariyaasava]], [[Khadiraarishta]], [[Chandanaadi Taila]], [[Jatiphalaadi Churna]], [[Jirakaarishta]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Seed - best sown when fresh. Germination usually takes place in 5 - 6 weeks. Seed in the shell takes some 4 - 6 weeks to germinate.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Evergreen forest}}, {{Commonly seen|Western ghats}}
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്ക-2.JPG
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Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്കകൾ.JPG
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Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിമരം.JPG
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Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്കക്കുരുകൾ.JPG
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File:Muscade.jpg|Seed
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File:ജാതിമരത്തിന്റെ പൂവ്.jpg|Flower
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File:Myristica fragrans Houtt. (6935160279).jpg|Flower
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File:NozMoscada4.jpg|Leaf
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ayurtimes.com/quercus-infectoria-manjakani-majuphal-benefits-uses-side-effects/ Phytochemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://ayusri.com/eherb-Majuphala Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2014/11/26/jaiphal-nutmeg-myristica-fragrans-uses-dose-side-effects/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Myristica+fragrans CULTIVATION PRACTICES]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.470, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.ayurtimes.com/quercus-infectoria-manjakani-majuphal-benefits-uses-side-effects/ Myristica fragrans on ayurtimes.com]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus_infectoria Quercus infectoria - Wikipedia]
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* [https://www.bimbima.com/herbs/majuphal-oak-galls-information-medicinal-uses-and-side-effects/60/ Myristica fragrans on ayurtimes.com]
  
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* [http://ayurvedicmedicinalplants.in/content/mayaphala Mayaphala on ayurvedic medicinal plants]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Myristicaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:39, 6 September 2023

Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിതൈ.JPG

Quercus infectoria is a species of oak, bearing galls that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally. Quercus infectoria or locally known as Manjakani in Malaysia

Uses

Bleeding piles, Rectal bleeding, Irritable bowel syndrome, Liver disorders, Rectal prolapse, Uterine prolapse, Leucorrhea, Vaginitis, Toothache, Headache, Dysentery, Pimples, Cracked foot, Impotence, Toothache, Insomnia, Cough[1].

Parts Used

Leaves, Jakayi[1].

Chemical Composition

Gallic Acid & Tannic Acid are found in Manjakani[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಜಾಕಾಯಿ Jakayi, ಜಾತೀಫಲ Jatiphala
Hindi Maajoophal, Majuphal
Malayalam Majakaanee, Mashikkay
Tamil Machakaai, Masikki
Telugu Machikaaya
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Mayaphala, Majuphul
English Oak Galls, Magic Nuts

[1]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Pitta

Prabhava

Habit

Shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Estipulate; petiole 9-15 mm long, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 9-18 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual Yellow 9-12 Male flowers: 3-5 in axillary cymes, urceolate; pedicels drooping; bracts deciduous; bracteoles persistent. Flowering from June to September

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Fleshy capsule 5 cm Aril red, lacinate; seed brown Fruiting from June to September {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Dadimavaleha, Nasika churna, Mrita sanjeevani gulika, Agnisandipana rasa, Arimedaadi Taila, Ashwagandhaadi rasaayana, Ashwinikumaara rasa, Ardakaandava Lehya, Aaditya rasa, Ananda Bairava rasa, Aarogyakara Kasturi Maatre, Eranda Paaka, Karpoora Rasa, Karpooraadi Churna, Karpooraadi Rasa, Kasturyadi Gutika, Coughlet, Kaamini Vidraavan rasa, Kumariyaasava, Khadiraarishta, Chandanaadi Taila, Jatiphalaadi Churna, Jirakaarishta[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Seed - best sown when fresh. Germination usually takes place in 5 - 6 weeks. Seed in the shell takes some 4 - 6 weeks to germinate.[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Evergreen forest, Western ghats

Photo Gallery

  • Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്ക-2.JPG
  • Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്കകൾ.JPG
  • Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിമരം.JPG
  • Myristica Fragrans - ജാതിക്കക്കുരുകൾ.JPG

  • Seed

  • Flower

  • Flower

  • Leaf

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.470, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  2. ↑ Phytochemistry
  3. ↑ Morphology
  4. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  5. ↑ CULTIVATION PRACTICES

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Myristica_fragrans_-_Mayaphala&oldid=58300"