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Difference between revisions of "Gardenia jasminoides - Gandhraj"

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[[File:Gardenia jasminoides (4601153628).jpg|thumb|right|''Gandhraj'', ''Suvasane malle'', ''Gardenia jasminoides'']]
 
[[File:Gardenia jasminoides (4601153628).jpg|thumb|right|''Gandhraj'', ''Suvasane malle'', ''Gardenia jasminoides'']]
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'''Gardenia jasminoides''' is an evergreen flowering plant of the family Rubiaceae. It originated in Asia and is most commonly found growing wild in Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, and India.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Dyspepsia}}, {{Uses|Nervous disorders}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Febrifuge}}, {{Uses|Kidneys problems}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Lungs problems}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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'''Gardenia jasminodies'''is an evergreen flowering plant of the family Rubiaceae. It originated in Asia and is most commonly found growing wild in Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, and India. With its shiny green leaves and heavily fragrant white summer flowers, it is widely used in gardens in warm temperate and subtropical climates, and as a houseplant in temperate regions. It has been in cultivation in China for at least a thousand years, and was introduced to English gardens in the mid 18th century. Many varieties have been bred for horticulture, with low growing, and large-and long-flowering forms.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Trimethoxyflavone, tetrahydroxy, dymethoxyflavone, kaempferol, quercetin, 3beta, dihydroxyurs, oic acid <ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Gardenia jasminoides is a shrub with greyish bark and dark green shiny evergreen leaves with prominent veins. The white flowers bloom in spring and summer and are highly fragrant. They are followed by small oval fruit.<ref name="des"/>
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Suvasane malle|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=Gandhraj|en=Gardenia, Cape jasmine}}
  
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*This species has been widely grown as an ornamental. In China, Taiwan, and Japan, it is commercially cultivated to make jellies from the fruit.
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==Properties==
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*The fruit is used as a yellow dye,[7] which is used for clothes and food.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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*Gardenia jasminoides fructus (fruit) is used within traditional Chinese medicine to "drain fire" and thereby treat certain febrile conditions.
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===Dravya===
  
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==Common name==  
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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* '''English''' -  Gardenia
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==Habit==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಸುವಾಸನೆ ಮಲ್ಲೆ
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{{Habit|Shrub}}
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* '''Hindi''' - गंधराज
 
  
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== References ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Originally a species from warm temperate climates, in tropical areas it grows well, at altitudes of 400 - 1,200 metres<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Warm temperate area}}, {{Commonly seen|Subtropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Image:White Gardenia flower.jpg|Flower
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Image:Gardenia_Flower.jpg|Flower
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File:Gardenia jasminoides flower and bud.JPG|Flower
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File:Gardenia jasminoides fruit.jpg|Fruit
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File:Gardenia jasminoides 11zz.jpg|Leaves
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</gallery>
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==References==
  
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="des">[http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/shrub_fact_sheets/garjasa.pdf "Fact Sheet FPS-222: Gardenia jasminoides"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24218967 Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Gardenia+jasminoides Cultivation Details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1021949816301740 Chemistry and bioactivity of Gardenia jasminoides]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardenia_jasminoides "Gardenia jasminoides"]
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* [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cbdv.201600437 Chemical Constituents from the Flowers of Wild Gardenia]
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* [http://www.thegardenhelper.com/gardenia.htm How to Grow and Care for Gardenia Plants]
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* [http://www.guide-to-houseplants.com/gardenia-care.html Indoor Gardenia Care Tips]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Rubiaceae]]

Latest revision as of 16:44, 11 May 2020

Gandhraj, Suvasane malle, Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia jasminoides is an evergreen flowering plant of the family Rubiaceae. It originated in Asia and is most commonly found growing wild in Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, and India.

Uses

Headache, Dyspepsia, Nervous disorders, Fever, Febrifuge, Kidneys problems, Pimples, Lungs problems, Sore throats

Parts Used

Fruits, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Trimethoxyflavone, tetrahydroxy, dymethoxyflavone, kaempferol, quercetin, 3beta, dihydroxyurs, oic acid [1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Suvasane malle
Hindi Gandhraj
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Gardenia, Cape jasmine


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Originally a species from warm temperate climates, in tropical areas it grows well, at altitudes of 400 - 1,200 metres[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Warm temperate area, Subtropical area, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Flower

  • Flower

  • Flower

  • Fruit

  • Leaves

References

  1. ↑ Chemical constituents
  2. ↑ Morphology
  3. ↑ Cultivation Details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Gardenia_jasminoides_-_Gandhraj&oldid=48107"