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[[File:Vateria indica 123.JPG|thumb|right|''Vateria indica'', ''Ajakarna'']]
 
[[File:Vateria indica 123.JPG|thumb|right|''Vateria indica'', ''Ajakarna'']]
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'''Vateria indica''' is a species of plant in the dipterocarpaceae family. It is endemic to India. It is threatened by habitat loss. This tree grows like a palm but has blunt thorns along its trunk.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Bloaitng}}, {{Uses|Abdominal pain}}, {{Uses|Gout}}, {{Uses|Neck stiffness}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Locked jaw paralysis}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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'''Ajakarna or Vateria indica, the white dammar''', is a species of plant in the Dipterocarpaceae<ref name="family"/> family. It is endemic to India. It is threatened by habitat loss. This tree grows like a palm but has blunt thorns along its trunk. Common names are '''Damar''', '''Badasal''',<ref name="common names"/> etc
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Seeds}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Bark contains Dl-epicatechin, fischinidol and afzetechin. Tree yields a resin which is a complex mixture of triterpenes. Seeds yield semi solid fat known as Piney tallow or Malabar tallow. Fruit shell yields tannins. Gum yields lipids.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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White Damar is a tall tree generally up to 40 m sometimes going up to 60 m. Bark is greyish, smooth; blaze cream. Young branchlets are round, hairy. Branches exude resinous substance. Leaves are simple, alternate, spirallly arranged. Stipules are caducous. Leaf-stalks are 2-3.5 cm, swollen at apex, nearly hairless. Leaves are 8-27 x 4.5-10 cm, elliptic-oblong, tip abruptly long-pointed or blunt, base rounded to somewhat heart-shaped, margin entire, leathery, hairless. Midrib is flat above; secondary nerves 13-20 pairs, curved near margin, impressed above. Flowers are borne in panicles in leaf axils, with dense stellate hairs.<ref name="common names"/>
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=ಬಿಳಿ ಡಾವರು Bili daamaru, ಬಿಳಿ ಧೂಪ Bili dhupa|ml=Baine, Kunturukkam|ta=Dhupa maram|hi=Safed daamar|en=Indian copal tree, Indian gum anime|mr=Chandrusa|Sa=Sarjakah|te=Tellaguggilamu}}<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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*The resin extracted by scratching the tree's bark is used as incense in India. The resin is also used as an [[Ayurvedic medicine]]. Vateria indica oil is produced from the seeds.
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==Properties==
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*It is used in chronic bronchitis and throat troubles, piles, diarrhoea and etc.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Snigda (unctuous)
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===Veerya===
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Sheeta (cold)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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==common names==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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* '''English'''  - Piney
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==Identification==
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* '''Kannada'''  - ರಾಲಾ
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===Leaf===
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* '''Hindi'''    - Safed Damar
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Leaves are spiral; stipules caducous; petiole 2-3.5 cm, swollen at apex, nearly glabrous}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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== References ==
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|White|5-20|Inflorescence axillary panicles with dense stellate hairs}}
  
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<references>
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===Fruit===
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<ref name="common names">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda "wikipedia"]</ref>
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{{Fruit|Capsule| 6.4 x 3.8 cm|3-valved, calyx persistent, reflexed|With hooked hairs|-}}
  
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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A tree of low to moderate elevations in the moist, monsoonal tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 1,200 metres<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|West coastal evergreen forest}}, {{Commonly seen|Secondary evergreen forest}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Bili Daamaru (Kannada- ಬಿಳಿ ಡಾವರು) (6792201786).jpg|Trunk
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File:Vateria indica 05.JPG|Leaves
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File:Vateria indica 08.JPG|Leaf
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Chandrusa (Marathi- चंद्रुस) (6792207852).jpg|Flower
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File:Vateria indica,White Damar, Indian Copal, Malabar tallow, vellakkunthirikkam 3.jpg|Fruit
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File:Vateria indica leaves at Kottiyoor Wildlife Sanctuary (2).jpg|New leaves
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File:Vateria indica 17.JPG|Germinating seedling
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Indian Copal (Vateria indica L.); branch with flowers, leave Wellcome V0042605.jpg|Illustration
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://herbs.indianmedicinalplants.info/index.php/sanskrit-names-of-plants/36-2012-02-18-18-09-08/93-vateria-indica Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/19732 Diagnostic description]</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[https://sites.google.com/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/v/vateria-indica Common names]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Vateria+indica Cultivation details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20930407 Chemical constituents in the leaves of Vateria indica]
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Vateria+indica Vateria indica on useful trophical plants]
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* [https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/a---l/d/dipterocarpaceae/vateria/vateria-indica  Vateria indica on sites.google.com]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2015/04/24/sarja-vateria-indica-uses-dose-research-side-effects/ Vateria indica on easyayurveda.com]
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vateria_indica Vateria indica-Wikipedia]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Dipterocarpaceae]]

Latest revision as of 11:49, 1 September 2020

Vateria indica, Ajakarna

Vateria indica is a species of plant in the dipterocarpaceae family. It is endemic to India. It is threatened by habitat loss. This tree grows like a palm but has blunt thorns along its trunk.

Uses

Bloaitng, Abdominal pain, Gout, Neck stiffness, Skin eruptions, Locked jaw paralysis, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Seeds, Bark.

Chemical Composition

Bark contains Dl-epicatechin, fischinidol and afzetechin. Tree yields a resin which is a complex mixture of triterpenes. Seeds yield semi solid fat known as Piney tallow or Malabar tallow. Fruit shell yields tannins. Gum yields lipids.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಬಿಳಿ ಡಾವರು Bili daamaru, ಬಿಳಿ ಧೂಪ Bili dhupa
Hindi Safed daamar
Malayalam Baine, Kunturukkam
Tamil Dhupa maram
Telugu Tellaguggilamu
Marathi Chandrusa
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit NA
English Indian copal tree, Indian gum anime

[2]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Snigda (unctuous)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Leaves are spiral; stipules caducous; petiole 2-3.5 cm, swollen at apex, nearly glabrous

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long White 5-20 Inflorescence axillary panicles with dense stellate hairs

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Capsule 6.4 x 3.8 cm 3-valved, calyx persistent, reflexed With hooked hairs - {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

A tree of low to moderate elevations in the moist, monsoonal tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 1,200 metres[4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

West coastal evergreen forest, Secondary evergreen forest.

Photo Gallery

  • Trunk

  • Leaves

  • Leaf

  • Flower

  • Fruit

  • New leaves

  • Germinating seedling

  • Illustration

References

  1. ↑ Chemical constituents
  2. ↑ Common names
  3. ↑ Diagnostic description
  4. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Vateria_indica_-_Ajakarna,_Piney&oldid=51991"