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Difference between revisions of "Acorus calamus - Jatila"

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[[File:Acorus calamus1.jpg|thumb|right|''Bhutanashini'']]
 
[[File:Acorus calamus1.jpg|thumb|right|''Bhutanashini'']]
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'''Jatila''' is a tall perennial wetland monocot of the Acoraceae family, in the genus Acorus. The scented leaves and more strongly scented rhizomes have traditionally been used medicinally and to make fragrances, and the dried and powdered rhizome has been used as a substitute for [[Ginger]], [[Sthula tvak]] and nutmeg. This plant is belongs to Aracea family.<ref name="Plant family"/>
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Acorus calamus (also called sweet flag or calamus, among many common names) is a tall perennial wetland monocot of the Acoraceae family, in the genus Acorus. In spite of common names that include the words "rush" and "sedge", it is neither a rush nor sedge.The scented leaves and more strongly scented rhizomes have traditionally been used medicinally and to make fragrances, and the dried and powdered rhizome has been used as a substitute for [[Ginger]], [[Sthula tvak]] (cinnamon) and nutmeg.
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|epilepsy}}, {{Uses|oedema}}, {{Uses|scrotal enlargement}}, {{Uses|skin diseases}}, {{Uses|headache}}, {{Uses|alopecia}}, {{Uses|wound}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|acid gastritis}}, {{Uses|heart-diseases}}<ref name="Uses"/>
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{{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|Oedema}}, {{Uses|Scrotal enlargement}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Alopecia}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Eye diseases}}, {{Uses|Acid gastritis}}, {{Uses|Heart problems}}
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to treat diarrhoea, epilepsy, oedema, scrotal enlargement, skin diseases, headache, alopecia, wound, eye diseases, colic, piles, indigestion, acid gastritis, heart-diseases, rat-poisoning, diseases of mouth and as rejuvinative.Diarrhoea:One suffering from diarrhoea should take water boiled with vaca and prativisa (aconitum)(60-120 ml)(CS.Ci.19.22).Epilepsy:a)Old ghee processed with brahmi juice (Bacopa monnieri), vaca, kustha (sassurea lappa)and snakhapuspi (convolvulus microphyllus) alleviates insanity, and epilepsy (10-20 ml)(CS.Ci 10.25) c) By using vaca powder (10-15gms) with honey keeping on diet of milk and rice overcomes epilepsy, VM.21.9) Headache:In suryavartta and hemicrania pressed snuff of vaca and pippali (2-5 gms) and honey is useful (SS.U 26.33; also VM 62.38).Acid gastritis:One should take vaca (5-10 gms) mixed with honey and jaggery (GN 2.38.25).
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
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{{Parts Used|Rhizome}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Contains volatile oils, flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, triterpene glycosides including euscapic acid and tormentic acid, phenolic acids, and 3%–21% tannins.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Both triploid and tetraploid A. calamus contain alpha-asarone. Other phytochemicals include beta-asarone, eugeno and Diploids do not contain beta-asaronel<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
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{{Common names|kn=Athibaje, Baje, Baje gida|ml=Vaembu, Vashampa|sa=Bacha, Bhadra, Bhutanashini|ta=Akaraveci, Akkitam|te=Vadaja, Vasa|hi=Bacc, Bach|en=}}
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Ensiform|The leaves are erect and flat and sword-like, bright green, rising fan-like from a pinkish base although some bases may range from white to red in color}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
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{{Flower|Spadix||Yellowish-green|6 petal|The tepals can be a light brown in color, are very small with squarish tips}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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{{Fruit|Berry|||Green, angular, 3-celled, fleshy, containing 1-3 oblong seeds|}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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* [[Kolakulathadi churna]]  
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* [[Manasamitra vatakam]]
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* [[Brahmi vati]]
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* [[Chandrodaya varti]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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{{Propagation|Rhizomes}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Easily grown in most soils[21][22], preferring a calcareous soil. Thrives in a dry lightly shaded position[16], though it prefers full sun.
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Grows best in tropical/subtropical conditions. Field is prepared similar to paddy, with waterlogging and farmyard manure and the rhizomes are planted.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Plants usually self-sow quite freely when growing in a suitable position[19]. The seeds are contained in burrs that can easily attach themselves to clothing or animal's fur, thus transporting them to a new area where they can germinate and grow.The cultivar 'Sweet scented' is popular in France for making tea because the whole plant is sweet scented and the flowers have a spicy apricot-like fragrance<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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{{Commonly seen|North temperate hemisphere}}, {{Commonly seen|Tropical asia}}, {{Commonly seen|Himalayas}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Acorus calamus2.jpg|Leaves
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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File:Acorus calamus kz1.JPG|Leaf
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File:Acorus calamus 2019-04-16 1125.jpg|Rhizome
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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File:Acorus calamus seeds.jpg|Seeds
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File:AcorusCalamus2.jpg|Flowers
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File:Acorus calamus1 (5097239953).jpg|Flowers
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874112006393?via%3Dihub "sciencedirect"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorus_calamus Chemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.friendsofthewildflowergarden.org/pages/plants/sweetflag.html Leaves description]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">[http://www.homeremediess.com/agrimonia-eupatoria-medicinal-uses-and-images/ "traditional medicine"]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2015/01/06/vacha-acorus-calamus-uses-research-side-effects-remedy/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Agrimonia_eupatoria "practical palnts"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/9381/1/NPR%203%281%29%2019-21.pdf Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:233</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://www.techno-preneur.net/technology/project-profiles/food/sweet.html Sweet Flag Agrotechnology]
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* [http://www.primaryinfo.com/acorus-calamus.htm Acorus Calamus-Primary Information Services]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Acoraceae]]

Latest revision as of 16:33, 11 August 2020

Bhutanashini

Jatila is a tall perennial wetland monocot of the Acoraceae family, in the genus Acorus. The scented leaves and more strongly scented rhizomes have traditionally been used medicinally and to make fragrances, and the dried and powdered rhizome has been used as a substitute for Ginger, Sthula tvak and nutmeg. This plant is belongs to Aracea family.[1]

Uses

Epilepsy, Oedema, Scrotal enlargement, Skin diseases, Headache, Alopecia, Wounds, Diarrhea, Eye diseases, Acid gastritis, Heart problems

Parts Used

Rhizome, Roots.

Chemical Composition

Both triploid and tetraploid A. calamus contain alpha-asarone. Other phytochemicals include beta-asarone, eugeno and Diploids do not contain beta-asaronel[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Athibaje, Baje, Baje gida
Hindi Bacc, Bach
Malayalam Vaembu, Vashampa
Tamil Akaraveci, Akkitam
Telugu Vadaja, Vasa
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Bacha, Bhadra, Bhutanashini
English


Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Ensiform The leaves are erect and flat and sword-like, bright green, rising fan-like from a pinkish base although some bases may range from white to red in color

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Spadix Yellowish-green 6 petal The tepals can be a light brown in color, are very small with squarish tips

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Berry Green, angular, 3-celled, fleshy, containing 1-3 oblong seeds {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Rhizomes.

How to plant/cultivate

Grows best in tropical/subtropical conditions. Field is prepared similar to paddy, with waterlogging and farmyard manure and the rhizomes are planted.[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

North temperate hemisphere, Tropical asia, Himalayas.

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Leaf

  • Rhizome

  • Seeds

  • Flowers

  • Flowers

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:233
  2. ↑ Chemistry
  3. ↑ Leaves description
  4. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  5. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Acorus_calamus_-_Jatila&oldid=51563"