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[[File:Semecarpus anacardium 02.jpg|thumb|right|''Agnimukh'', ''Guḍḍe geru bija'']]
 
[[File:Semecarpus anacardium 02.jpg|thumb|right|''Agnimukh'', ''Guḍḍe geru bija'']]
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'''Semecarpus anacardium''' is a native of India. it is found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Dyspepsia}}, {{Uses|Strengthen the lungs}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Aphrodisiac}}, {{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Sexual health}}, {{Uses|Skin disease}}, {{Uses|Kapha}},  {{Uses|Destroys worms}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Reduce urine flow}}<ref name="Uses"/>
  
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'''Agnimukh''' or '''Semecarpus anacardium''' or '''Guḍḍe geru bija''' (Hindi: भिलावा, Nepali:भलायो,Tibetan:གོ་བྱེ། Sanskrit: अग्निमुख) is a native of India, found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.<ref name="int"/>
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===Food===
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Semecarpus anacardium can be used in Food. Fresh or dried receptacles of the fruit are eaten raw. Kernel found inside the hard shell is eaten.<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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== Description ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Gum}}, {{Parts Used|Pericarp}}.
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It is a deciduous tree. Like the closely related cashew, the fruit is composed of two parts, a reddish-orange accessory fruit and a black drupe that grows at the end. The nut is about 25 millimetres (1 in) long, ovoid and smooth lustrous black. The accessory fruit is edible and sweet when ripe, but the black fruit is toxic and produces a severe allergic reaction if it is consumed or its resin comes in contact with the skin. The seed inside the black fruit, known as godambi (गोडम्बी), is edible when properly prepared.
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Anacardic acid, cardol, catechol, anacardol and fixed oit, sernicarpoi, bhilawanol.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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*It is used for improving sexual power and increasing sperm count, curing diseases related to digestive system, balancing Kapha dosha (कफ दोष) in body. It is said that, no Kapha dosha remains after it is treated with this fruit.
 
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*The red-orange part is collected and dried in sun. It is consumed after it is semi dried. If consumed in very large quantity, it is said to induce abortion. In moderation, it is however considered good for female reproductive system.<ref name="uses"/>
 
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*Various parts of these plants are commonly used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for the treatment of various ailments, mainly alimentary tract and certain dermatological conditions. Reports have shown noticeable impact on illnesses related to the heart, blood pressure, respiration, cancer and neurological disorders [8-10]
 
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*The seed inside the samecarpus anacardium is known as "Godambi" in Hindi and is widely used in India as dry fruit. Godambi is eaten by Indians in winter and was commonly used as a method of birth control for women.<ref name="uses2"/>
 
  
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Geru, Geru-kayi|ml=Thennukota, Alakcueer|sa=Angika, Agnimukh, Ballataka|ta=Kalakam, Kavaka|te=Ballatamu|hi=Bealata, Bela, Bhilava|en=Marking nut}}
  
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==common name==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
  
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* '''English''' - Marking Nut
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Tri-foliolate,lanceolate| Leafs are 2.5-13.5 cm long to 1-5.5 cm wide. The leaflets are green above and a silvery grey-green beneath and are covered on their lower surfaces in small yellow glands}}.
  
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* '''Kannada''' -ಗುಡ್ಡೆ ಗೇರು ಬೀಜ
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===Flower===
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* '''Hindi''' -  भिलावा
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{{Flower|Unisexual|14cm long|Yellow, papilionaceous|Typical of species belonging to the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae, and resemble, for example, the pea ( Pisum sativum ) flower|Flowering from August to March}}
  
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== References ==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Ovoid|The nut is about 25 millimetres long|The seed inside the black fruit, known as godambi, is edible when properly prepared.|Single seed||Fruiting from August to March}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Amrita Bhallataki]], [[Dhanvantari Ghrita]], [[Nilibringaraja Taila]], [[Pamarin]], [[Bhallatakavati]], [[Sanjeevani vati]]<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
 +
 
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Plants are adaptable to a variety of tropical and subtropical conditions<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Semecarpus anacardium is available through January to May<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Hotter parts}}, {{Commonly seen|Deciduous forests of the Malaysian archipelago}}, {{Commonly seen|Northern Australia}}.<ref name="Commonly seen growing in areas"/>
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Agni1.jpg
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File:Agni2.jpg
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File:Agni3.jpg
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File:Agni4.jpg
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File:Agni5.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
 
<references>
 
<references>
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<ref name="int">[http://www.henriettes-herb.com/eclectic/kings/anacardium.html  Henriette's Herbal Homepage]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/ayurvedic-herb-bhallataka-semecarpus-anacardium/331/ Bimbima medicines]</ref>
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<ref name="uses">[http://easyayurveda.com/2012/12/05/bhallataka-qualities-and-uses-total-ayurveda-details/  "Bhallatak"]</ref>
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<ref name="uses2">Sold by Patricia McCormick page 11</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Semecarpus+anacardium Trophical plants]</ref>
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</references>
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<ref name="Commonly seen growing in areas">[http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/bhallataka-semecarpus-anacardium Planet ayurveda]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2 by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No. 256, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
  
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== External Links ==
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.134, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semecarpus_anacardium Semecarpus anacardium]
 
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*[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Marking%20Nut.html flowersofindia]
 
  
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.267, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
 +
</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/diseases-pigeon-pea Pigeon pea on Agropedia]
 +
* [https://www.medicinalplantsanduses.com/semecarpus-anacardium-benefits-uses Agnimukh on medicinalplantsanduses.com]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3249908/ Agnimukh on ncbi .com]
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* [http://www.krishnaherbals.com/semecarpus-anacardium.html Agnimukh on krishnaherbals.com]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255607921_Bhallatak_Semecarpus_anacardium_Linn-A_Review Agnimukh on researchgate.net]
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* [http://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/22989c1b27bcda307d52f60fa81b0f96/ee6751f007818a9d07dda1be1ee996a4 Agnimukh on envis.frlht.org]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]

Latest revision as of 10:57, 22 May 2023

Agnimukh, Guḍḍe geru bija

Semecarpus anacardium is a native of India. it is found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.

Uses

Dyspepsia, Strengthen the lungs, Arthritis, Aphrodisiac, Piles, Sexual health, Skin disease, Kapha, Destroys worms, Wounds, Reduce urine flow[1]

Food

Semecarpus anacardium can be used in Food. Fresh or dried receptacles of the fruit are eaten raw. Kernel found inside the hard shell is eaten.[2]

Parts Used

Fruits, Gum, Pericarp.

Chemical Composition

Anacardic acid, cardol, catechol, anacardol and fixed oit, sernicarpoi, bhilawanol.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Geru, Geru-kayi
Hindi Bealata, Bela, Bhilava
Malayalam Thennukota, Alakcueer
Tamil Kalakam, Kavaka
Telugu Ballatamu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Angika, Agnimukh, Ballataka
English Marking nut


Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Tri-foliolate,lanceolate Leafs are 2.5-13.5 cm long to 1-5.5 cm wide. The leaflets are green above and a silvery grey-green beneath and are covered on their lower surfaces in small yellow glands

.

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 14cm long Yellow, papilionaceous Typical of species belonging to the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae, and resemble, for example, the pea ( Pisum sativum ) flower Flowering from August to March

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Ovoid The nut is about 25 millimetres long The seed inside the black fruit, known as godambi, is edible when properly prepared. Single seed Fruiting from August to March

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Amrita Bhallataki, Dhanvantari Ghrita, Nilibringaraja Taila, Pamarin, Bhallatakavati, Sanjeevani vati[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Plants are adaptable to a variety of tropical and subtropical conditions[5]. Semecarpus anacardium is available through January to May[2]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Hotter parts, Deciduous forests of the Malaysian archipelago, Northern Australia.[6]

Photo Gallery

  • Agni1.jpg
  • Agni2.jpg
  • Agni3.jpg
  • Agni4.jpg
  • Agni5.jpg

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2 by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No. 256, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.134, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  3. ↑ Bimbima medicines
  4. ↑ "Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.267, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  5. ↑ Trophical plants
  6. ↑ Planet ayurveda

External Links

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