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[[File:Catharanthus roseus 6576.JPG|thumb|right|''Sada Bahar'']]
 
[[File:Catharanthus roseus 6576.JPG|thumb|right|''Sada Bahar'']]
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'''Catharanthus roseus''' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native and endemic to Madagascar, but grown elsewhere as an ornamental and medicinal plant, It is a source of the drugs vincristine and vinblastine, used to treat cancer.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Lung cancer}}, {{Uses|Leukaemia}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Hodgkin’s lymphoma}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Bleeding hemorrhoids}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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Catharanthus <ref name="Catharanthus "/>is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. Like genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles. There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar, though one, C. roseus, is widely naturalized around the world.The eighth species, C. pusillus, is native to India and Sri Lanka. The name Catharanthus comes from the Greek for "pure flower".
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaf}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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==Chemical Composition==
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Indole, Indoline alkaloids, Ajmalicine, Lochnerine, Serpentine.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Medical uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Vishakanigalu, Kaasi kanigalu, Smashaana mallige|sa=Sadapushpi|ml=Shavam Naari|hi=Sadabahar|ta=Nityakalyani|te=Billaganneru|en=Periwinkle, Madagascar periwinkle}}
  
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#The leaves and stems are a source of alkaloids that have anti tumor and anti cancer properties.
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==Properties==
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#The leaves are used to control diabetes and high blood pressure.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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#The alkaloids also offer sedative and tranquilizing properties.
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===Dravya===
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#It relieves muscle pain and depression.
 
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#Because of its property of detoxification and counteracting poison it is used to relieve wasp stings.
 
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#Sadabahar controls nosebleeds, bleeding gums, mouth ulcers and sore throats.
 
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#It is useful in treating gastritis, cystitis, enteritis, diarrhea, diabetes, etc when taken internally.
 
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#The vinca rosea plant ensures brain health. Its active ingredients improve blood supply to the brain, increase the level of oxygen that the brain can utilize. It also raises serotonin levels and prevents abnormal coagulation of blood.
 
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#The alkaloid vincamine keeps the blood thin and has memory enhancing properties. It is therefore useful in preventing dementia, especially vascular dementia.
 
  
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==Common name==
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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* '''English''' - periwinkles
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==Habit==
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* '''Kannada''' - ವಿಷಕಣಿಗಲ  ಸೊಪ್ಪು
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{{Habit|Ornamental herb}}
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* '''Hindi''' - सदाबहार
 
  
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== References ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite|The leaves are lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Pink to red, white|5|Flowering throughout the year}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|10–50 mm|The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe|-|-|Fruiting throughout the year}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Vinca or Periwinkle will grow in range of light conditions, from full sun to shade. They will do well in average soils.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Ornamental plant in gardens}}, {{Commonly seen|Under trees and bushes}}, {{Commonly seen|Parks and cemeteries}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Boanoite1.jpg
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File:Catharanthus_roseus.jpg
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File:Petunias.jpg
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File:Catharanthus roseus 1.jpg
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File:CatharanthusRoseus.jpg
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File:CatharanthusRoseus4.jpg
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File:CatharanthusRoseus2.jpg
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File:Catharanthus roseus 2.jpg
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File:CatharanthusRoseus3.jpg
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File:Boa noite.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="Catharanthus ">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catharanthus "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/biology/alkaloid/vinca-sources-macroscopical-character-and-uses-with-diagram/49664 Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/vinca/major/ Plant desription]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.gardenersnet.com/flower/vincaperiwinkle.htm How to Grow Vinca]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.197, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/34/15287 Vinca drug components accumulate exclusively in leaf exudates of Madagascar periwinkle]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/catharanthus-roseus Vinca on science direct]
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* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Periwinkle.html Vinca on flowersofindia.net]
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* [http://naturalhomeremedies.co/Periwinkle-health-benefits-and-home-remedies.html Vinca on naturalhomeremedies.com]
  
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Apocynaceae]]

Latest revision as of 12:10, 8 March 2023

Sada Bahar

Catharanthus roseus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native and endemic to Madagascar, but grown elsewhere as an ornamental and medicinal plant, It is a source of the drugs vincristine and vinblastine, used to treat cancer.

Uses

Blood pressure, Lung cancer, Leukaemia, Dysentery, Diarrhoea, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Diarrhea, Bleeding hemorrhoids[1]

Parts Used

Leaf, Root[1]

Chemical Composition

Indole, Indoline alkaloids, Ajmalicine, Lochnerine, Serpentine.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Vishakanigalu, Kaasi kanigalu, Smashaana mallige
Hindi Sadabahar
Malayalam Shavam Naari
Tamil Nityakalyani
Telugu Billaganneru
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Sadapushpi
English Periwinkle, Madagascar periwinkle


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Ornamental herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Opposite The leaves are lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Pink to red, white 5 Flowering throughout the year

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 10–50 mm The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe - - Fruiting throughout the year

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Vinca or Periwinkle will grow in range of light conditions, from full sun to shade. They will do well in average soils.[4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Ornamental plant in gardens, Under trees and bushes, Parks and cemeteries.

Photo Gallery

  • Boanoite1.jpg
  • Catharanthus roseus.jpg
  • Petunias.jpg
  • Catharanthus roseus 1.jpg
  • CatharanthusRoseus.jpg
  • CatharanthusRoseus4.jpg
  • CatharanthusRoseus2.jpg
  • Catharanthus roseus 2.jpg
  • CatharanthusRoseus3.jpg
  • Boa noite.jpg

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.197, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ Chemical constituents
  3. ↑ Plant desription
  4. ↑ How to Grow Vinca

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Catharanthus_roseus_-_Sada_Bahar&oldid=57165"