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Difference between revisions of "Tribulus terrestris - Gokshura"

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[[File:Starr 030612-0063 Tribulus terrestris.jpg|thumb|right|''Gokshura'', ''Tribulus terrestris'', ''Small Caltrops'']]
 
[[File:Starr 030612-0063 Tribulus terrestris.jpg|thumb|right|''Gokshura'', ''Tribulus terrestris'', ''Small Caltrops'']]
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'''Tribulus terrestris''' is an annual plant in the caltrop family. It is widely distributed around the world, that is adapted to grow in dry climate locations in which few other plants can survive.
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==Uses==
 +
{{Uses|Impotency}}, {{Uses|Painful urination}}, {{Uses|Kidney diseases}}, {{Uses|Gout diseases}}, {{Uses|Cancer}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Leprosy}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}, {{Uses|Congestion}}.
  
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Tribulus terrestris is an annual plant in the caltrop family (Zygophyllaceae) widely distributed around the world, that is adapted to grow in dry climate locations in which few other plants can survive.
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===Food===
 +
Tribulus terrestris can be used in Food. Young leaves and tender fruits are cooked as vegetable.<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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In Ayurvedic pharmacology, tribulus terrestris is used as a powder form of the aerial parts, particularly the fruits, and it is known in Sanskrit as gokshura, meaning the "cow's hoof", possibly because the small thorns tend to get stuck on grazing animals. Nevertheless, an unrelated plant, pedalium is also known as gokshura, more specifically as bada gokshura ("big cow's hoof"), whereas the gokshura proper is referred to as chhota gokshura ("small cow's hoof"). The two herbs are often found mixed in powder blends used.<ref name="uses"/>
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==Parts Used==
 +
{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
  
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Gokshura is believed to contribute to overall physical, as well as sexual, strength by building all the tissues, especially shukra dhatu (reproductive tissue) but it is not considered as a particular vajikarana (sexual functions) herb.<ref name="uses2/> It is believed to be useful in kidney, bladder, urinary tract and uro-genital related conditions, where it is said to act as a diuretic.
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==Chemical Composition==
 +
Sterols such as beta-sitosterols or stigma. These chemical compounds help to protect the prostate gland from swelling and in combination with the X steroidal saponins, may help to protect the prostate from cancer.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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==Common name==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=ನೆಗ್ಗಿಲು Neggilu, ನೆರಿಗಿಲು Nerigilu|ml=Nerinnii|sa=Ashvadanshtra|ta=Palleru-mullu|te=Cinnpalleru|hi=Gokharu|en=Puncture Vine, Caltrop}}<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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* '''English''' - Caltrops
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==Properties==
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* '''Kannada''' - ನೆಗ್ಗಿಲ ಮುಳ್ಳು
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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* '''Hindi''' - Gokhru
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===Dravya===
  
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== References ==
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===Rasa===
−
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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<references>
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===Guna===
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<ref name="uses">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361934/ "Identification of fruits of Tribulus terrestris Linn. and Pedalium murex Linn.: A pharmacognostical approach"]</ref>
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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<ref name="uses2>[http://www.shareayurveda.com/ayurvedic-dictionary/glossary/gokshura/ Gokshura]</ref>
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
 +
 
 +
===Nutritional components===
 +
Tribulus terrestris Contains the Following nutritional components like - Vitamin-A, B and C; Alkaloides; Tannins; Phenols; Flavonoides; Flavonal glycosides; Steroidal saponins; Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulphur, Zinc<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
 +
 
 +
==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
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 +
==Identification==
 +
===Leaf===
 +
{{Leaf|Simple|Pinnate|The leaves are pinnately compound with leaflets less than a quarter-inch long}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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 +
===Flower===
 +
{{Flower|Unisexual|4-10 mm wide|Yellow|5-20|The flowers are 4-10 mm wide, with five lemon-yellow petals. A week after each flower blooms}}
 +
 
 +
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||10 mm longe|Fruit is easily falls apart into four or five single-seeded nutlets||5|Fruiting season is April to August}}
 +
 
 +
===Other features===
 +
 
 +
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 +
* [[Gokshuradi churna]]
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* [[Gokshuradi guggulu]]
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* [[Dashamoolarishta]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
 +
 
 +
==Where to get the saplings==
 +
==Mode of Propagation==
 +
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 +
 
 +
==How to plant/cultivate==
 +
We have very little information on this species and are not sure how successful it will be in Britain<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Tribulus terrestris is available throughout the year<ref name="chemical composition"/>.
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 +
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 +
{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|Weed in Europe}}, {{Commonly seen|Sandy seashores in Japan}}.
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Bee (Id ?) on Devil's Thorn flower (Tribulus terrestris) (11884336176).jpg|Flower
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File:Tribulus terrestris - Bindii at Theni (10).jpg|Flower
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File:Starr 030612-0062 Tribulus terrestris.jpg|Leaves
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File:Tribulus terrestris - Bindii at Theni (8).jpg|Fruits
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 +
Devil's Thorn (Tribulus terrestris) (11883835994).jpg
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File:Starr 030612-0066 Tribulus terrestris.jpg|Fruit
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 +
</gallery>
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 +
==References==
 +
 
 +
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.mdidea.com/products/herbextract/tribulus/data05.html Chemical constituents]</ref>
 +
 
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<ref name="Leaf">Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 374
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</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[https://sites.google.com/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/t/tribulus-terrestris Common names]</ref>
 +
 
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Tribulus+terrestrisia Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2012/10/19/tribulus-benefits-dosage-side-effects-medicines-ayurvedic-details/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.148, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
−
 
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361934/ Identification of fruits of Tribulus terrestris Linn. and Pedalium murex Linn-A pharmacognostical approach]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribulus_terrestris Tribulus terrestris-Wikipedia]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942213001453 Tribulus terrestris on science direct.com]
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* [https://www.richters.com/show.cgi?page=QandA/Commercial/20020522-2.html Tribulus terrestris on Richters.com]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Zygophyllaceae]]

Latest revision as of 15:57, 17 November 2021

Gokshura, Tribulus terrestris, Small Caltrops

Tribulus terrestris is an annual plant in the caltrop family. It is widely distributed around the world, that is adapted to grow in dry climate locations in which few other plants can survive.

Uses

Impotency, Painful urination, Kidney diseases, Gout diseases, Cancer, Blotches, Pimples, Leprosy, Skin diseases, Psoriasis, Congestion.

Food

Tribulus terrestris can be used in Food. Young leaves and tender fruits are cooked as vegetable.[1]

Parts Used

Fruits, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Sterols such as beta-sitosterols or stigma. These chemical compounds help to protect the prostate gland from swelling and in combination with the X steroidal saponins, may help to protect the prostate from cancer.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ನೆಗ್ಗಿಲು Neggilu, ನೆರಿಗಿಲು Nerigilu
Hindi Gokharu
Malayalam Nerinnii
Tamil Palleru-mullu
Telugu Cinnpalleru
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Ashvadanshtra
English Puncture Vine, Caltrop

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Tribulus terrestris Contains the Following nutritional components like - Vitamin-A, B and C; Alkaloides; Tannins; Phenols; Flavonoides; Flavonal glycosides; Steroidal saponins; Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulphur, Zinc[1]

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Pinnate The leaves are pinnately compound with leaflets less than a quarter-inch long

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 4-10 mm wide Yellow 5-20 The flowers are 4-10 mm wide, with five lemon-yellow petals. A week after each flower blooms

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
10 mm longe Fruit is easily falls apart into four or five single-seeded nutlets 5 Fruiting season is April to August

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[5]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

We have very little information on this species and are not sure how successful it will be in Britain[6]. Tribulus terrestris is available throughout the year[2].

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tall grasslands, Weed in Europe, Sandy seashores in Japan.

Photo Gallery

  • Flower

  • Flower

  • Leaves

  • Fruits

  • Devil's Thorn (Tribulus terrestris) (11883835994).jpg

  • Fruit

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.148, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chemical constituents
  3. ↑ Common names
  4. ↑ Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 374
  5. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  6. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Tribulus_terrestris_-_Gokshura&oldid=56148"