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[[File:Kadam Flower3.jpg|thumb|right|''Toothache plant'']]
'''Wild cinchona or Kadamba''' scientifically known as Neolamarckia cadamba . It is a large, evergreen tree with beautiful & unique flowers. It is a fast growing tree with a broad crown and is even planted sacredly near temples.This tree is belongs to Rubiaceae family.<ref name="Plant family"/>
==Uses==
{{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Cancer}}, {{Uses|Fungal infections}}, {{Uses|Musculo-skeletal diseases}}, {{Uses|High cholesterol}}, {{Uses|Triglycerides}}, {{Uses|Parasitic infection}}, {{Uses|Digestive disturbances}}.
==Chemical Composition==
The preliminary phytochemical screening of Anthocephalus cadamba whole plant showed the presence of saponins, terpenes, sesquiterpenes glycosides, alkaloids and absence of anthraquinones and flavonoids. A variety of phytoconstituents, such as cadambine, cadamine, β-sitosterol, quinovic acid, chlorogenic acid<ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|sa=kadambaKadamba, vrattapuspaVrattapuspa, sisupala Sisupala |hi=kadamKadam, kadambKadamb|ka=apathyada Apathyada mara, arisina Arisina thaega, dhaaruja Dhaaruja kaare, kadambole Kadambole |ml=atuthekkuAtuthekku, kadambuKadambu, attutekAttutek, attuttekka Attuttekka |mr=kalambKalamb, kadamKadam, kadambKadamb|ta=kadambuKadambu, kathambuKathambu, kola Kola aiyila, acokariAcokari, ruttiratcakatampu Ruttiratcakatampu |te=begadaBegada, kadambaKadamba, kadambakamuKadambakamu, kadambamuKadambamu, kadambeKadambe}}
==Properties==
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite|10-25 x 6-12 cm, ovate or elliptic-oblong, apex acuminate, base truncate or obtuse, margin entire, glabrous above, pubescent beneath; stipules interpetiolar, lanceolate, cauducous; petiole 20-45 mm, stout, glabrous; lateral nerves 10-14 pairs, pinnate, prominent; intercostae scalariform, prominent. }}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Bisexual|5-6 x 3-4 mm|creamish Creamish yellow|5|Flowers bisexual, yellowish, in globose heads, 2-4.5 cm across. Calyx tube 2-3 mm in diameter, tube globose, lobes 5, 5-6 x 3-4 mm, membranous. Corolla tube 6-8 mm long, lobes 5, oblong, acute, 3-4 cm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, 3 mm long, anthers sagittate, sessile. Ovary 3-4 mm long, 2-celled at base, 4-celled above, inferior, ovules many; style exserted to 5-6 mm, entire; stigma clavate.}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|capsuleCapsule|Fruit a capsule on a fleshy globose receptacle, 3.5-5 cm across, orange yellow, capsule membranous; |||seeds Seeds many, angular, minute.|Flowering and fruiting April to August}}
===Other features===
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
* [[Nyagrodhadi kashaya]]* [[Grahanimihira taila]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}
==How to plant/cultivate==
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
Anthocephalus.jpg|BudsFile:Kadam (Neolamarckia cadamba) (Rubiaceae) (8080116333).jpg|LeavesFile:Buds of Kadam.jpg|BudsTrunk of Neolamarckia cadamba at Ramna Park, Dhaka. 2018. 3.jpg|TrunkFile:Kadam Flower3.jpg|FlowersFile:Fruit Neolamarckia cadamba 1372.jpg|Fruit
</gallery>
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289604857_Anthocephalus_cadamba_A_comprehensive_review Chemical composition]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/32002 Morphology]</ref>
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/10/03/kadamba-neolamarckia-cadamba-benefits-remedies-research-side-effects/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref><ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://wwwvikaspedia.in/agriculture/forestry/tree-crops/neolamarckia-cadamba Cultivation]</ref><ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:69</ref> <ref name="Ecosystem/Climate">[https://pdfs.anandagreenmanthrasemanticscholar.org/a7a1/8ccc08e97178830d33b1bf65b966e728e152.pdf Climate required]</ref> <ref name="Soil type required">[https://vikaspedia.in/blogagriculture/forestry/kadambatree-thecrops/neolamarckia-enlightenedcadamba#:~:text=NAA%20500%20ppm.-one/ Cultivation,Plantation%20management,spacing%20during%20the%20monsoon%20season. Soil type required]</ref>
</references>
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
[[Category:Rubiaceae]]