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Difference between revisions of "Semecarpus anacardium - Agnimukh, Marking nut"

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{{stub}}
 
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[[File:Semecarpus anacardium 02.jpg|thumb|right|''Agnimukh'', ''Guḍḍe geru bija'']]
 
[[File:Semecarpus anacardium 02.jpg|thumb|right|''Agnimukh'', ''Guḍḍe geru bija'']]
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'''Semecarpus anacardium''' is a native of India. it is found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Dyspepsia}}, {{Uses|Strengthen the lungs}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Aphrodisiac}}, {{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Sexual health}}, {{Uses|Skin disease}}, {{Uses|Kapha}},  {{Uses|Destroys worms}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Reduce urine flow}}<ref name="Uses"/>
  
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'''Semecarpus anacardium''' is a native of India, found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.
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===Food===
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Semecarpus anacardium can be used in Food. Fresh or dried receptacles of the fruit are eaten raw. Kernel found inside the hard shell is eaten.<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
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==Uses==
 
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{{Uses|dyspepsia}}, {{Uses|Strengthen the lungs}}, {{Uses|arthritis}}, {{Uses|aphrodisiac}}, {{Uses|piles}}, {{Uses|sexual health}}, {{Uses|skin disease}}, {{Uses|kapha}},  {{Uses|Destroys worms}}, {{Uses|wounds}}, {{Uses|Reduce urine flow}}.
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Pericarp}}.
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Gum}}, {{Parts Used|Pericarp}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Greu, Geru-kayi|ml=Thennukota, Alakcueer|sa=Angika, Agnimukh|ta=Kalakam, Kavaka|te=Ballatamu|hi=Bealata, bela, bhilava|en=Marking nut}}
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{{Common names|kn=Geru, Geru-kayi|ml=Thennukota, Alakcueer|sa=Angika, Agnimukh, Ballataka|ta=Kalakam, Kavaka|te=Ballatamu|hi=Bealata, Bela, Bhilava|en=Marking nut}}
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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{{Habit|A small erect shrub}}
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{{Habit|Tree}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|tri-foliolate,lanceolate| Leafs are 2.5-13.5 cm long to 1-5.5 cm wide. The leaflets are green above and a silvery grey-green beneath and are covered on their lower surfaces in small yellow glands}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Tri-foliolate,lanceolate| Leafs are 2.5-13.5 cm long to 1-5.5 cm wide. The leaflets are green above and a silvery grey-green beneath and are covered on their lower surfaces in small yellow glands}}.
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|14cm long|yellow, papilionaceous|Typical of species belonging to the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae, and resemble, for example, the pea ( Pisum sativum ) flower. Each flower has 10 stamens, 9 of which are fused into a partial tube, with the tenth stamen free. The ovary is positioned above the sepals, petals and stamens. The style is curved}}.
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{{Flower|Unisexual|14cm long|Yellow, papilionaceous|Typical of species belonging to the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae, and resemble, for example, the pea ( Pisum sativum ) flower|Flowering from August to March}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|straight or sickle|2-13 cm long x 0.5-1.5 cm|The seeds are 4-9 mm x 3-8 mm and can be white, brown, purplish, black or mottled.  
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{{Fruit|Ovoid|The nut is about 25 millimetres long|The seed inside the black fruit, known as godambi, is edible when properly prepared.|Single seed||Fruiting from August to March}}
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|many seeds}}
 
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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[[Amrita Bhallataki]], [[Dhanvantari Ghrita]], [[Nilibringaraja Taila]], [[Pamarin]], [[Bhallatakavati]], [[Sanjeevani vati]]<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttung}}.
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Seed germinate in about 2 weeks. Quite frequently (in India) pigeon pea is grown mixed with other crops or grown in alternate rows with rows of sorghum, groundnuts, sesame, cotton, pineapples, millets or maize.For pure crops pigeon pea should be sown 2.5–5 cm deep in rows 40–120 cm by 30–60 cm.About 3–4 seeds may be planted in each hill, and later thinned to 2 plants per hill. About 3–4 seeds may be planted in each hill, and later thinned to 2 plants per hill. Plants show little response to fertilizers.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Plants are adaptable to a variety of tropical and subtropical conditions<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Semecarpus anacardium is available through January to May<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Semi-arid tropics}}, {{Commonly seen|Humid areas}}, {{Commonly seen|cold-free zones}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Hotter parts}}, {{Commonly seen|Deciduous forests of the Malaysian archipelago}}, {{Commonly seen|Northern Australia}}.<ref name="Commonly seen growing in areas"/>
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Cajanus cajan.jpg
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File:Agni1.jpg  
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File:Cajan2.jpg
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File:Agni2.jpg  
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File:Cajan3.jpg
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File:Agni3.jpg  
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File:Cajan4.jpg
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File:Agni4.jpg  
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File:Cajan5.JPG
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File:Agni5.jpg
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 +
<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/ayurvedic-herb-bhallataka-semecarpus-anacardium/331/ Bimbima medicines]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Semecarpus+anacardium Trophical plants]</ref>
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<ref name="Commonly seen growing in areas">[http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/bhallataka-semecarpus-anacardium Planet ayurveda]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2 by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No. 256, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.134, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
  
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<references>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.267, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/ayurvedic-herb-bhallataka-semecarpus-anacardium/331/ "Bimbima medicines"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1152177-2 "kewscience"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Cajanus_cajun.html "purdue university"]</ref>
 
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
* [http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/diseases-pigeon-pea Pigeon pea on Agropedia]
 
* [http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/diseases-pigeon-pea Pigeon pea on Agropedia]
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* [https://plantvillage.org/topics/pigeon-pea/infos Pigeon pea on PlantVillage]
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* [https://www.medicinalplantsanduses.com/semecarpus-anacardium-benefits-uses Agnimukh on medicinalplantsanduses.com]
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* [https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Cajanus_cajun.html Cajanus cajun - purdue.edu]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3249908/ Agnimukh on ncbi .com]
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* [https://www.feedipedia.org/node/22444 Cajanus cajun on Feedipedia]
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* [http://www.krishnaherbals.com/semecarpus-anacardium.html Agnimukh on krishnaherbals.com]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255607921_Bhallatak_Semecarpus_anacardium_Linn-A_Review Agnimukh on researchgate.net]
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* [http://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/22989c1b27bcda307d52f60fa81b0f96/ee6751f007818a9d07dda1be1ee996a4 Agnimukh on envis.frlht.org]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]

Latest revision as of 10:57, 22 May 2023

Agnimukh, Guḍḍe geru bija

Semecarpus anacardium is a native of India. it is found in the outer Himalayas to Coromandel Coast. It is closely related to the cashew.

Uses

Dyspepsia, Strengthen the lungs, Arthritis, Aphrodisiac, Piles, Sexual health, Skin disease, Kapha, Destroys worms, Wounds, Reduce urine flow[1]

Food

Semecarpus anacardium can be used in Food. Fresh or dried receptacles of the fruit are eaten raw. Kernel found inside the hard shell is eaten.[2]

Parts Used

Fruits, Gum, Pericarp.

Chemical Composition

Anacardic acid, cardol, catechol, anacardol and fixed oit, sernicarpoi, bhilawanol.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Geru, Geru-kayi
Hindi Bealata, Bela, Bhilava
Malayalam Thennukota, Alakcueer
Tamil Kalakam, Kavaka
Telugu Ballatamu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Angika, Agnimukh, Ballataka
English Marking nut


Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Tri-foliolate,lanceolate Leafs are 2.5-13.5 cm long to 1-5.5 cm wide. The leaflets are green above and a silvery grey-green beneath and are covered on their lower surfaces in small yellow glands

.

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 14cm long Yellow, papilionaceous Typical of species belonging to the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae, and resemble, for example, the pea ( Pisum sativum ) flower Flowering from August to March

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Ovoid The nut is about 25 millimetres long The seed inside the black fruit, known as godambi, is edible when properly prepared. Single seed Fruiting from August to March

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Amrita Bhallataki, Dhanvantari Ghrita, Nilibringaraja Taila, Pamarin, Bhallatakavati, Sanjeevani vati[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Plants are adaptable to a variety of tropical and subtropical conditions[5]. Semecarpus anacardium is available through January to May[2]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Hotter parts, Deciduous forests of the Malaysian archipelago, Northern Australia.[6]

Photo Gallery

  • Agni1.jpg
  • Agni2.jpg
  • Agni3.jpg
  • Agni4.jpg
  • Agni5.jpg

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2 by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No. 256, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.134, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  3. ↑ Bimbima medicines
  4. ↑ "Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.267, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  5. ↑ Trophical plants
  6. ↑ Planet ayurveda

External Links

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