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Rosa - Rose

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[[File:Rose Amber Flush 20070601.jpg|thumb|right|''Rosa rubiginosa'', ''rose'']]
'''Rose''' is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa. It is in the family Rosaceae. There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Gall bladder}}, {{Uses|Dry scaly skin}}, {{Uses|Bronchial infections}}, {{Uses|Dermatitis}}, {{Uses|Eczema}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhage}}, {{Uses|Liver problems}}, {{Uses|Nausea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds. Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa. Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Dried flowers}}.
== Description Chemical Composition== The leaves are borne alternately on the stemRich in vitamins. In most species they are 5 to 15 centimetres (2.0 to 5.9 in) longSugars such as glucose, fructose, xylose, sucrose, pinnatenon-volatile acids such as citric acid, with (3–) 5–9 (–13) leaflets and basal stipules; the leaflets usually have a serrated marginsuch as quinine acid. flavonoids such as quercetin, isoquercetin and often with a few small prickles on the underside variety of the stemquality yellow pigments such as Phytoxanthine,Rubixanthine,Lycopene,etc. Most roses are deciduous but a few (particularly from South east Asia) are evergreen or nearly soLeaves contains isoquercetin.The hybrid garden rose <ref name="Amber Flushchemical composition"/>
The flowers of most species have five petals==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Gulabihuvu, with the exception of Rosa sericeaPanniru|ml=Panniruppu|sa=Atimanjula, which usually has only four. Each petal is divided into two distinct lobes and is usually white or pinkLakshapushpa|ta=Pannirpu|te=Pannir roja, though in a few species yellow or red. Beneath the petals are five sepals (or in the case of some Rosa sericeaGulaabi poovvu|hi=Gulab, four). These may be long enough to be visible when viewed from above and appear as green points alternating with the rounded petals. Sudburg|en=Rose}}
The aggregate fruit of the rose is a berry==Properties==Reference: Dravya -like structure called a rose hip. Many of the domestic cultivars do not produce hipsSubstance, as the flowers are so tightly petalled that they do not provide access for pollination. The hips of most species are redRasa - Taste, but a few (e.g. Rosa pimpinellifolia) have dark purple to black hips. Each hip comprises an outer fleshy layerGuna - Qualities, the hypanthiumVeerya - Potency, which contains 5–160 "seeds" (technically dry singleVipaka -seeded fruits called achenes) embedded in a matrix of finePost-digesion effect, but stiffKarma - Pharmacological activity, hairsPrabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
==Useful Parts off the plant=Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent), Madhura (Sweet)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Snigda (Slimy)===Veerya===Sheeta (cold)===Vipaka===Madhura (Sweet)===Karma===Kapha, Vata, Pitta===Prabhava===
*'''Flower, Bud, Petals and Pollen'''.==Habit=={{Habit|Small shub}}
== Uses Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Leaves The leaves grow on alternate sides of the stem}}<ref name="Leaf"/>[[File:Rose Leaf.jpg|50px|''leaf'']][[File:Water drops at Leaf of rose.JPG|50px]][[File:Water Drop on rose leaf.JPG|50px]]
*The rose hip, usually from R. canina, ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is used as a minor source of vitamin C. June - August}}*Many [[File:Red roses have been used in herbal and folk medicines. Rosa chinensis has long been used in Chinese traditional medicine.*It is helpful for stomach problems, and being investigated for contolling cancer growthflowers.jpg|50px|''leaf'']]*Rose perfumes are made from rose oil (also called attar of [[File:Bouquet de roses), which is a mixture of volatile essential oils obtained by steam distilling the crushed petals of roses. jpg|50px]]*[[File:Red Rose petal tea is efficient in cleansing the gall bladder and liver, and it helps improve bile secretion. Rose petals are dried and crushed to make tea.<ref name="uses"/>*Rose water is an effective astringent that reduces swelling of capillaries beneath the skin.<ref name="uses/>jpg|50px]]
==Common name=Fruit==={{Fruit|||||}}
* '''English''' - Rose* '''Kannada''' - ಗುಲಾಬಿ * '''Hindi''' - गुलाब का फूल===Other features===
== References List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used== <references><ref name="uses">* [[http://www.diethealthclub.com/health-food/rose-health-benefits.html "Diethealthclub"Vishatinduka Taila]</ref></references> ] as ''root juice extract''
== External Links Where to get the saplings== ==Mode of Propagation==[https://en.wikipedia{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.org/wiki/Rose Rose-Wikipedia]
==How to plant/cultivate==Before rose planting, prepare a small pit (30×30 cm) to accommodate the earth ball of a new plant.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|Clay soils}}, {{Commonly seen|Well-drained soil}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Rose rouge.JPG|{{QI seal}}File:Red Rose.jpgFile:Rose Macro.jpg"Rosen- und Lichterfest" Palmengarten Frankfurt (14202731060).jpg"Rosen- und Lichterfest" Palmengarten Frankfurt (14202812668).jpg"Rosen- und Lichterfest" Palmengarten Frankfurt (14202818198).jpg"Rosen- und Lichterfest" Palmengarten Frankfurt (14202819548).jpg</gallery> ==References== <references> <ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.mdidea.com/products/proper/proper09603.html Phytochemicals]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[http://www.dgreetings.com/fragrance-flowers/red-rose-flower.html Flower Information]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.krishisandesh.com/rose-cultivation-guide/ Planting]</ref></references> ==External Links==* [http://ayurvedicoils.com/tag/chemical-constituents-of-rose-oil Rose on ayurveduc oils .com]* [http://www.rose-office.com/en/the-rose/chemical-contents Rose on rose office.com]* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23818393 Cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of rose petals]* [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jsfa.6294 Rose ononline library.wiley] [[Category :Herbs]]
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