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(Created page with "thumb|right|''Chirabilva'', ''Holoptelea integrifolia'' '''Chirabilva''' is a large deciduous tree growing up to 22 metres tall. The bo...")
 
(→‎List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used)
 
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[[File:Holoptelea integrifolia 07.jpg|thumb|right|''Chirabilva'', ''Holoptelea integrifolia'']]
 
[[File:Holoptelea integrifolia 07.jpg|thumb|right|''Chirabilva'', ''Holoptelea integrifolia'']]
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'''Chirabilva''' is a large deciduous tree growing up to 22 metres tall. The bole is often much twisted and branching from low down. The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine, food, and as a source of oil and wood.
 
'''Chirabilva''' is a large deciduous tree growing up to 22 metres tall. The bole is often much twisted and branching from low down. The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine, food, and as a source of oil and wood.
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Wound healing}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Intestinal worms}}, {{Uses|Blood purifier}}
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{{Uses|Wound healing}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Intestinal worms}}, {{Uses|Blood purifier}}, {{Uses|To reduce cholesterol}}, {{Uses|To reduce swelling}}, {{Uses|Stomachache}}, {{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Fistula}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
−
<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
−
{{Parts Used|Bark}}
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{{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Seed}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
 +
Numerous compounds including Holoptelin-A, Holoptelin-B, Friedlin, Epifriedlin, β -amyrin, Stigmasterol, β -sitosterol, 4-Napthalenedione, Betulin, Betulinic acid, Hexacosanol and Octacosanol have been identified and isolated from the plant species.<ref name="Chemical Composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=beegada mara, beeyada mara, kaladri, rahubeeja, tapasee mara, thapsi, thavasi|ml=aval, avil, nettaval, nettavil|sa=arari, chirabilva, karanja, prakirya, puti, putigandha, putika|ta=aaya, ari, avali, avil, avil thol, avimaram, thavasi, vellaya|te=naali, naavara chettu, naavili, nemali, nemalinara, thapsi|hi=banchilla, bandarbati, chilbil, papad, papari, rajain|en=Indian Elm}}
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{{Common names|kn=Beegada mara, Beeyada mara, Kaladri, Rahubeeja, Tapasee mara, Thapsi, Thavasi|ml=Aval, Avil, Nettaval, Nettavil|sa=Arari, Chirabilva, Karanja, Prakirya, Puti, Putigandha, Putika|ta=Aaya, Ari, Avali, Avil, Avil thol, Avimaram, Thavasi, Vellaya|te=Naali, Naavara chettu, Naavili, Nemali, Nemalinara, Thapsi|hi=Banchilla, Bandarbati, Chilbil, Papad, Papari, Rajain|en=Indian Elm}}
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|stipules lateral, scarious; petiole 5-10 mm, stout, pubescent; lamina 6-12.5 x 2.5-6.5 cm, ovate-oblong, ovate or elliptic-ovate, base rounded or subcordate, apex acuminate, margin entire, distantly serrate when young, coriaceous, glabrous above, appressed pubescent punctate below; lateral nerves 6-9 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae reticulate, prominent.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Stipules lateral, scarious; petiole 5-10 mm, stout, pubescent; lamina 6-12.5 x 2.5-6.5 cm, ovate-oblong, ovate or elliptic-ovate.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Polygamous|axillary fascicles|Greenish purple||appear before leaves, 5-8 mm across, greenish-purple, in axillary fascicles; tepals 4 or 5, free, anthers pubescent; female flowers with longer pedicels; ovary superior, compressed, long stipitate, 2-winged, 1-celled, ovule 1; style 2 fid.}}
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{{Flower|Polygamous|Axillary fascicles|Greenish purple||Appear before leaves, 5-8 mm across, greenish-purple, in axillary fascicles. Flowering season is January-April}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|A samara|2 - 3 cm||orbicular, wings nerved, glabrous|seed one.}}
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{{Fruit|A samara|2 - 3 cm||Orbicular, wings nerved, glabrous|One|Fruiting season is January-April}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Poothikasavam]], [[Chiruvilvadi kashaya]], [[Indukantha kashaya]], [[Gorochanadi gulika]], [[Rasnadi churna]], [[Gandharva Hastaadi Kashaaya]], [[Pilorid]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Can be raised from seeds in the rainy season.<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
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===Season to grow===
 
−
 
 
−
===Soil type===
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
===Propagation===
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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File:Holoptelea integrifolia (3261045098).jpg|Flower
 
File:Holoptelea integrifolia (3261045098).jpg|Flower
 
File:Collected Seeds of Indian Elm (Holoptelea integrifolia) from Bolarum Bazar.jpg|Fruits
 
File:Collected Seeds of Indian Elm (Holoptelea integrifolia) from Bolarum Bazar.jpg|Fruits
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Image:Adenanthera pavonina.jpg|Leaves
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</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 +
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2017/05/24/chirabilva-holoptelea-integrifolia/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://www.tntreepedia.com/tree-details/?id=15ee1774244777f9e60132f9ad2d055f Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.511, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
 +
 +
<ref name="Chemical Composition">Journal paper from Nationa Library of Medicine - Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch: a review of its ethnobotany, pharmacology, and phytochemistry</ref>
 +
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Holoptelea+integrifolia]  
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Holoptelea+integrifolia Holoptelea integrifolia on The ferns Information]  
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* [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/401213/]
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* [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/401213/ Holoptelea integrifolia on Hindawi.com]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
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[[Category:Tree]]
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[[Category:Ulmaceae]]

Latest revision as of 16:38, 9 September 2023

Chirabilva, Holoptelea integrifolia

Chirabilva is a large deciduous tree growing up to 22 metres tall. The bole is often much twisted and branching from low down. The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine, food, and as a source of oil and wood.

Uses

Wound healing, Diabetes, Skin diseases, Intestinal worms, Blood purifier, To reduce cholesterol, To reduce swelling, Stomachache, Piles, Fistula.[1]

Parts Used

Bark, Seed, Leaf[2].

Chemical Composition

Numerous compounds including Holoptelin-A, Holoptelin-B, Friedlin, Epifriedlin, β -amyrin, Stigmasterol, β -sitosterol, 4-Napthalenedione, Betulin, Betulinic acid, Hexacosanol and Octacosanol have been identified and isolated from the plant species.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Beegada mara, Beeyada mara, Kaladri, Rahubeeja, Tapasee mara, Thapsi, Thavasi
Hindi Banchilla, Bandarbati, Chilbil, Papad, Papari, Rajain
Malayalam Aval, Avil, Nettaval, Nettavil
Tamil Aaya, Ari, Avali, Avil, Avil thol, Avimaram, Thavasi, Vellaya
Telugu Naali, Naavara chettu, Naavili, Nemali, Nemalinara, Thapsi
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Arari, Chirabilva, Karanja, Prakirya, Puti, Putigandha, Putika
English Indian Elm

[4]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Rooksha (Dry)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

katu (Pungent)

Karma

Pitta, Kapha

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Stipules lateral, scarious; petiole 5-10 mm, stout, pubescent; lamina 6-12.5 x 2.5-6.5 cm, ovate-oblong, ovate or elliptic-ovate.

[5]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Polygamous Axillary fascicles Greenish purple Appear before leaves, 5-8 mm across, greenish-purple, in axillary fascicles. Flowering season is January-April

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A samara 2 - 3 cm Orbicular, wings nerved, glabrous One Fruiting season is January-April

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Poothikasavam, Chiruvilvadi kashaya, Indukantha kashaya, Gorochanadi gulika, Rasnadi churna, Gandharva Hastaadi Kashaaya, Pilorid[6]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Can be raised from seeds in the rainy season.[7]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Sub tropical area

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Leaves

  • Fruits

  • Flower

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Uses
  2. ↑ ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.511, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  3. ↑ Journal paper from Nationa Library of Medicine - Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch: a review of its ethnobotany, pharmacology, and phytochemistry
  4. ↑ Vernacular names
  5. ↑ Botonic description
  6. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  7. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Holoptelea_integrifolia_-_Chirabilva&oldid=58362"