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Difference between revisions of "Ficus racemosa - Udumbara"

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[[File:Ficus racemosa 010.jpg|thumb|right|''UDUMBARA'', ''Ficus racemosa'']]
 
[[File:Ficus racemosa 010.jpg|thumb|right|''UDUMBARA'', ''Ficus racemosa'']]
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'''Udumbara''' consists of dried bark of Ficus racemosa Linn. Syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. (Fam. Moraceae), a large deciduous tree distributed all over india, found throughout the year, grows in evergreen forests, moist localities and bank of streams to the elevation of 1800 m, often cultivated in villages for shade and its edible fruits.<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA"/>
  
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'''Udumbara''' consists of dried bark of Ficus racemosa Linn. Syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. (Fam. Moraceae), a large deciduous tree distributed all over india, found throughout the year, grows in evergreen forests, moist localities and bank of streams to the elevation of 1800 m, often cultivated in villages for shade and its edible fruits.<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA"/>
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==Uses==
 +
{{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}}, {{Uses|Earache}}, {{Uses|Kidney stone}}, {{Uses|Scorpion bite}}<ref name="Uses"/>
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 +
===Food===
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Ficus racemosa can be used in Food. Unripe green fruits are cooked and eaten. Mature fruits are eaten raw. Fruits are also dried, fl oured and consumed with milk.
  
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==Common names==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Common names|sa=Sadaaphala|en=Cluster Fig. Country fig|gu=Umbro, Umerdo, Umardo, Umarado|hi=Gulara, Gular|kn=Attihanninamara, Oudumbara, Athimara, Attigida|ks=Rumbal|ml=Athi|mr=Atti, Gular, Umber|pa=Kath Gular, Gular|ta=Kath Gular, Gular|te=Atti, Medi}}
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{{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}, {{Parts Used|Fruit}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Tannins
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It contains Alkaloid (Arecoline), Tannins and Fats etc.<ref name="Chemical composition"/>
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 +
==Common names==
 +
{{Common names|sa=Sadaaphala|en=Cluster Fig. Country fig|gu=Umbro, Umerdo, Umardo, Umarado|hi=Gulara, Gular|kn=Attihanninamara, Oudumbara, Athimara, Attigida|ks=Rumbal|ml=Athi|mr=Atti, Gular, Umber|pa=Kath Gular, Gular|ta=Kath Gular, Gular|te=Atti, Medi}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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Kapha, Pitta
 
Kapha, Pitta
 
===Prabhava===
 
===Prabhava===
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 +
===Nutritional components===
 +
Ficus racemosa Contains the Following nutritional components like - Hentriacontane, tiglic acid, glucose; α amyrin, gluanol- OAc, β sitosterol and ketone, stigmasterol, β amyrin, sterol, Lupeol, ester of taraxasterol<ref name="Nutritional components"/>
 +
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
 
{{Habit|Tree}}
 
{{Habit|Tree}}
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|6-15 x 3.5-6 cm, ovate, obovate, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, apex narrowed, blunt or acute, base acute, obtuse or cuneate, margin entire, membranous, glabrous, blistered appearance on drying; 3-ribbed from base, 4-8 pairs, slender, pinnate, prominent beneath, intercostae reticulate, obscure; stipules 12-18 mm long, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, pubescent, often persistent on young shoots; petiole 10-50 mm long, slender, grooved above, becoming brown scurfy.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|6-15 x 3.5-6 cm, ovate, obovate, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, apex narrowed, blunt or acute, base acute, obtuse or cuneate.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|Syconia|Pale yellow|10|on short leafless branches or warty tubercles of trunk or on larger branches, subglobose to pyriform, smooth, often lenticellate-verrucose; peduncle 3-12 mm long, stout, orifice plane or slightly sunken, closed by 5-6 apical bracts; internal bristles none; basal bracts 3, 1-2 m long, ovate-triangular, obtuse, persistent; flowers of unisexual, 4 kinds; male flowers near the mouth of receptacles, in 2-3 rings, sessile, much compressed; tepals 3-4, dentate-lacerate, lobes jointed below, red, glabrous; stamens 2, exserted; filaments 1 mm, connate below; anthers oblong, parallel; female flowers sessile or very shortly stalked among gall flowers; tepals 3-4, dentate-lacerate, lobes jointed below, red, glabrous, ovary superior, sessile or substipitate, red spotted; style 2-3 mm long, glabrous, simple; stigma clavate; gall flowers long stalked; ovary dark red, rough; style short.}}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|Syconia|Pale yellow|10|On short leafless branches or warty tubercles of trunk or on larger branches, subglobose to pyriform, smooth, often lenticellate-verrucose. Flowering throughout the year}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Syconium|2.5 x 2 cm||orange, pink or dark crimson; achene granulate|}}
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{{Fruit|Syconium|2.5 x 2 cm||Orange, pink or dark crimson; achene granulate||Fruiting throughout the year}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 +
[[Abhayalepa]], [[Ushiraasava]], [[Nal Paamaraadi Taila]], [[Shamani]], [[Surodhini]]<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 +
==Where to get the saplings==
  
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==Where to get the saplings==
 
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Udumbara is available Almost throughout the year.
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===Season to grow===
 
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===Soil type===
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
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===Propagation===
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
−
{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Sub tropical area}}
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{{Commonly seen|Deciduous forest}}, {{Commonly seen|River banks in lowlands}}, {{Commonly seen|Moist areas}}, {{Commonly seen|Beside rivers}}, {{Commonly seen|Occasionally in streams}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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==References==
 
==References==
 
<references>
 
<references>
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<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA">THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 155.</ref>  
 
<ref name="AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA">THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 155.</ref>  
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">Flowering Plants Kerala - Botonic description</ref>
 +
<ref name="Uses">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.71, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru</ref>
 +
<ref name="Chemical composition">Pharmacological potentials of Ficus racemosa by Prakash Deep, Amrit Kr. Singh1 Md. Tahir Ansari2, Prashant Raghav.</ref>
 +
<ref name="Nutritional components">Forest food for Northern region of western ghat pdf by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, MACS - Agharkar Research Institute, Pune</ref>
 +
<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.55 and 65, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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==See also==
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==External Links==
 +
* [http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India]
 +
* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31344 Ficus racemosa on indiabiodiversity.org]
  
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==External Links==
 
−
[http://www.ayurveda.hu/api/API-Vol-1.pdf THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA]
 
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic Medicine]]
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic Medicine]]
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[[Category:Herbs]]

Latest revision as of 17:16, 13 August 2023

UDUMBARA, Ficus racemosa

Udumbara consists of dried bark of Ficus racemosa Linn. Syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. (Fam. Moraceae), a large deciduous tree distributed all over india, found throughout the year, grows in evergreen forests, moist localities and bank of streams to the elevation of 1800 m, often cultivated in villages for shade and its edible fruits.[1]

Uses

Piles, Diabetes, Fever, Blood pressure, Dysentery, Earache, Kidney stone, Scorpion bite[2]

Food

Ficus racemosa can be used in Food. Unripe green fruits are cooked and eaten. Mature fruits are eaten raw. Fruits are also dried, fl oured and consumed with milk.

Parts Used

Bark, Leaf, Fruit[3].

Chemical Composition

It contains Alkaloid (Arecoline), Tannins and Fats etc.[4]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Attihanninamara, Oudumbara, Athimara, Attigida
Hindi Gulara, Gular
Malayalam Athi
Tamil Kath Gular, Gular
Telugu Atti, Medi
Marathi Atti, Gular, Umber
Gujarathi Umbro, Umerdo, Umardo, Umarado
Punjabi Kath Gular, Gular
Kashmiri Rumbal
Sanskrit Sadaaphala
English Cluster Fig. Country fig

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Kashaya

Guna

Guru, Ruksha

Veerya

Sheeta

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Pitta

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Ficus racemosa Contains the Following nutritional components like - Hentriacontane, tiglic acid, glucose; α amyrin, gluanol- OAc, β sitosterol and ketone, stigmasterol, β amyrin, sterol, Lupeol, ester of taraxasterol[5]

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate 6-15 x 3.5-6 cm, ovate, obovate, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, apex narrowed, blunt or acute, base acute, obtuse or cuneate.

[6]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual Syconia Pale yellow 10 On short leafless branches or warty tubercles of trunk or on larger branches, subglobose to pyriform, smooth, often lenticellate-verrucose. Flowering throughout the year

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Syconium 2.5 x 2 cm Orange, pink or dark crimson; achene granulate Fruiting throughout the year

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Abhayalepa, Ushiraasava, Nal Paamaraadi Taila, Shamani, Surodhini[3]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Udumbara is available Almost throughout the year.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Deciduous forest, River banks in lowlands, Moist areas, Beside rivers, Occasionally in streams.

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Cut Syconium

  • Fruits

  • Seeds

  • Syconia

References

  1. ↑ THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, PART-I, VOLUME-1, page no 155.
  2. ↑ ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.71, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.55 and 65, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  4. ↑ Pharmacological potentials of Ficus racemosa by Prakash Deep, Amrit Kr. Singh1 Md. Tahir Ansari2, Prashant Raghav.
  5. ↑ Forest food for Northern region of western ghat pdf by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, MACS - Agharkar Research Institute, Pune
  6. ↑ Flowering Plants Kerala - Botonic description

External Links

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