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Coriandrum sativum - Dhanyaka

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[[File:Coriander NP.JPG|thumb|right|''Dhanyaka'', ''Coriander'']]
Fruit, leaves, oil of coriander all have an important value in spices. Green freshly leaves are used to flavour and garnishing the food. Dry fruit '''Coriandrum sativum''' is main ingredient in garam masala. Warm potency, unctuous, sweetish pungent, bitter in taste, remain sweetish after being digested. Its uses in global food preparation is only the tip aromatic annual plant of the iceberg. Unbeknownst to many people, coriander is packed with potential health benefits that most people completely miss when they toss this garnish into the garbage after eating their mealparsley family Apiaceae. It has eleven components of essential oils, six slender stems with two types of acids (including ascorbic acid, better known as vitamin-C), minerals lobed leaves and vitamins, each having a number of beneficial propertiescan grow up 90 cm or 3 feet tall.
==Useful parts of the plantUses=={{Uses|Skin disorders}}, {{Uses|Eczema}}, {{Uses|Dryness}}, {{Uses|Fungal infections}}, {{Uses|Heart attacks}}, {{Uses|Artherosclerosis}}, {{Uses|Strokes}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Blood pressure}}.
*'''==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Seeds}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves and Seed'''}}.
==Chemical Composition==
Coriander contains 0.5–1% volatile oil, consisting mainly of delta-linalool (55–74%), alpha-pinene and terpinine. It also contains flavonoids, coumarins, phthalides and phenolic acids (including caffeic and chlorogenic). Aqueous extract of the roasted seeds contains large amounts of acetylcholine and its precursor choline. <ref name="chemical composition"/>
== Health benefits of coriander Common names=={{Common names|kn=Havija, Kotambari|ml=Kotta-malli, Kottam-palari|sa=Vedhaka, Veshana, Vitunnaka, Dhanyaka|ta=Kotthu malli, Arainili, Aritaravanci, Avarika, Cottamillie|te=Danyalu, Dhaniyaalu, Dhanyalu|hi=Dhaniya|en=Coriander}}
#'''Skin disorders''': The disinfectant, detoxifying, antiseptic, antifungal and antioxidant properties of coriander are ideal for clearing up skin disorders such as eczema, dryness and fungal infections.==Properties==#'''Low cholesterol levels'''Reference: Some of the acids present in corianderDravya - Substance, like linoleic acidRasa - Taste, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and ascorbic acid (vitaminGuna -C) are very effective in reducing the cholesterol levels in the blood. They also reduce the level of bad cholesterol (LDL) deposition along the inner walls of the arteries and veinsQualities, which can lead to serious cardiovascular issues like artherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes. More importantly, coriander helps to raise the levels of healthy cholesterol (HDL), which works as a preventative line of defense against a number of dangerous conditions.#'''Diarrhea''': Some of the components of essential oils found in coriander such as Borneol and Linalool, aid in digestion, proper functioning of the liver and bonding of bowels, while also helping to reduce diarrhea. It is also helpful in curing diarrhea caused by microbial and fungal action, since components like Cineole, Borneol, Limonene, AlphaVeerya -pinene & beta-phelandrene have antibacterial effects.#'''Blood pressure''': Consuming coriander has been shown to positively reduce blood pressure in many patients suffering from hypertension. The interaction of Calcium ions and cholinergic, a neurotransmitter in the peripheral and central nervous system, more commonly know as acetylcholine. The interaction of these two elements relaxes blood vessel tension, thereby reducing the chances of a number of cardiovascular conditions, including heart attacks and strokes.#'''Mouth ulcers''': Citronelol, a component of essential oils in coriander, is an excellent antiseptic. Additionally, other components have antimicrobial and healing effects which keep wounds and ulcers in the mouth from worsening. They help speed up the healing process of ulcers and also freshen breath. Although not in common use in mainstream productsPotency, coriander is often used as an antiseptic component of allVipaka -natural toothpastes. In fact, before the invention of toothpaste, people would chew on coriander seeds to reduce bad breath!#'''Eye care''': Coriander is loaded with antioxidants, vitaminPost-Adigesion effect, vitaminKarma -C and minerals like phosphorous in its essential oils, which prevents vision disordersPharmacological activity, macular degeneration and it reduces strain and stress on the eyes. There is also betaPrabhava -carotene in the leaves, which prevent a number of other diseases that affect the eye, and can even reverse the effects of vision degradation in aging patientsTherepeutics.===Dravya===
==Common name=Rasa===Madhura (Sweet)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Snigda(unctuous)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot), Sheet (Cold)===Vipaka===Madhura (Sweet)===Karma===Kapha, Vata
* '''English''' -Coriander* '''kannada''' - ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ ಸೊಪ್ಪು* '''Hindi'''- Dhaniya===Prabhava===
==External LinkHabit=={{Habit|Herb}}
* [https:==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|Compound|Leaf arrangement is alternate and there is one leaf per node along the stem}}<ref name="Leaf"//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriander wikipedia]>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Pink to red|5-20|There are two or more ways to evenly divide the flower and there is only one way to evenly divide the flower}}
 
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|General|Length is 2–6 mm|Fruit type is the fruit is dry but does not split open when ripe|With hooked hairs|}}
 
===Other features===
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
* [[Bilvādileha]]
* [[Chandraprabha vati]]
* [[Brahmi vati]]
* [[Kalyanagulam]]
* [[Kankayan vati]]
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
 
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Grow in fertile, well drained soil in full sun where seeds are to be gathered. For leaf production partial shade is more productive<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Mediterranian region}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}.
 
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
 
File:A scene of Coriander leaves.JPG
 
File:Coriandrum sativum 'Cilantro' kz02.jpg|Flowers
 
File:A aesthetic coriander.JPG|Fruits
 
Cilantro bunches in a stack.jpg
 
Cilantro leaf.jpg
 
Cilantro-alsterdrache.jpg
 
 
Coriander NP.JPG
 
</gallery>
 
==References==
 
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/coriandrum/sativum/ Characteristics]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/4371/i-Coriandrum-sativum-i/Details How to grow]</ref>
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2013/03/04/coriander-seed-and-leaves-health-benefits-complete-ayurveda-details/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
</references>
 
==External Links==
* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/coriandrum-sativum Botanical description of Coriandrum sativum in science direct]
* [http://www.alwaysayurveda.com/coriandrum-sativum/ Coriandrum sativum on always ayurveda]
* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/coriander-herbs.html Coriander – Health Benefits and Side Effects]
* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Coriander.html Coriandrum sativum on flowers fo india]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Apiaceae]]
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