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===Food===Asthisamharaka is a perennial plant of the [[Grape]] familycan be used in food. It is also known as veldt grape, devil's backbone, adamant creeper, cissus quadrangularis, hadjod Young leaves and pirandaitender stems are cooked in curries. The plant grows throughout India, especially, They are also used in gotter regions and in Sri Lanka.  ==Uses=={{Uses|Bone Fracture}}, {{Uses|Low bone mineral density}}, {{Uses|Osteoporosis}}, {{Uses|Osteoarthritis}}, {{Uses|Joint pains}}, {{Uses|Hyperuricemia}}, {{Uses|diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Rickets}}, {{Uses|Obesity}}, {{Uses|Internal Bleeding}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhoid}}, {{Uses|Improve Digestion}}, {{Uses|Syphilis}}, {{Uses|Menorrhagia}}, {{Uses|Pyorrhea}}preparation of papad<ref name="UsesForest foods of Western Ghat"/>.

{{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}.

Two new iridoids 6-O-[2,3-dimethoxy]-trans-cinnamoyl catalpol and 6-O-meta-methoxy-benzoyl catalpol along with a known iridoid picroside 1The plant contains phytogenic steroid, two stilbenes quadrangularin A and pallidolketosteroids, quercitinsitosterol, quercitrinalphaamyrin, betaalpha-sitosterol ampyrone and beta-sitosterol glycoside were isolated from Cissus quadrangularis Linntetracyclic triterpenoids.<ref name="Chemical composition"/>

{{Common names|kn=Saduballiಮಂಗರವಲ್ಲಿ Mangaravalli, ಸಂದುಬಳ್ಳಿ Sanduballi|ml=changalam Changalam paranda|sa=Asthisamharaka|ta=pindaiPindai, perandai|te=nalleruNalleru|hi=Harshankar|en=Veld Grape}} ==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya=== ===Rasa===Madhura (Sweet)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma=== ===Prabhava=== ===Nutritional components===Asthisamharaka Contains the Following nutritional components like - Phytogenic steroid, Ketosteroids, Sitosterol; δ-amyrin, δ-amyrone; triterpenoids; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.

{{Habit|A succulent, rambling Scandent shrub}}

{{Leaf|Largesimple|OblongOvate-suborbicular to reniform|Up to 1 m long, dark green on upper surfaceLeaf Apex is Round, pale green beneath. Each leafy shoot (pseudostem) bearing 8–12 leavesLeaf Base is Round and Leaf Margin is Serrate}}<ref name="Leaf"/>

{{Flower|UnisexualUmbellate cymes|10–15 cm long|YellowGreenish-whiteyellow, red tipped||Flowers are sterile and do not produce viable seedFlowering throughout the year}}

{{Fruit|oblong podA globose berry|Thinly septate, pilose, wrinkledFruit is apiculate and green turning red when ripe|Seed smooth|Small, ovoid, brown. Not viableFruiting throughout the year|}}

* [[Vishatinduka TailaLakshadi guggul]] as ''root juice extract''* [[Panchajeeraka Gudam]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>

{{Propagation|SeedsCuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==

Turmeric is a low==Cultivation Details==Cuttings with one or few segmengts can be planted. They require full sun and very warm conditions to thrive. A plant of drier to arid regions, mainly in the lowland tropics and frost-growing tropical herbaceous plantfree subtropics, though it can also be found at elevations over 2, which forms many long thin rhizomes000 metres<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Asthisamharaka is available from January to June<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.

{{Commonly seen|TrophicalLowland tropics}}, {{Commonly seen|Sub trophicalSubtropical area}}.

File:Cissus quadrangularis W IMG 3197(4609693872).jpg|in [[Rangareddy district]] Leaf and stemFile:Cissus quadrangularis - Agri-Horticultural Society of [[Telangana]], [[India]]- Alipore - Kolkata 2013-01-05 2209.JPG|StemsFile:Cissus quadrangularis W IMG 31961DS-II 6423.jpg|in [[Rangareddy district]] of [[Telangana]], [[India]].FlowersFile:Cissus quadrangularis W2 IMG 31961DS-II 7169.jpg|in [[Rangareddy district]] of [[Telangana]], [[India]].FruitsFile:Cissus Quadrangualaris 12quadrangularis flower.JPGjpg|Devil's backbone in [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]Flower

<ref name="chemical Leaf">Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 125</ref><ref name="Chemical composition">[http://wwwgbpihedenvis.mpbdnic.infoin/plantsPDFs/curcuma-aromaticaGlossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.php "medicinal plants"pdf Chemical composition]</ref><ref name="LeafAyurvedic preparations">[httphttps://powoeasyayurveda.science.kew.orgcom/2010/05/taxon08/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796451strengthen-your-bones-joints-and-cartilages-with-cissus-1 "kewscience"quadrangularis/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref><ref name="Uses">[https://www.ayurtimes.com/cissus-quadrangularis-hadjod/ "ayur times"Cissus Uses]</ref><ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://powowww.sciencecolumbuscactusclub.kewcom/cissus-quadrangularis.orghtml Cultivation Details]</taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796451-1 ref><ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"kewscienceForest food for Northern region of Western Ghats"]by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.52, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>