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Bacopa monnieri - Brahmi

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→‎List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used
[[File:450px-Bacopa monnieri (6423345315).jpg|thumb|right|''Bacopa Monnieri'', ''Brahmi'']]
'''Bacopa Monnieri''' is a non-aromatic herb. Its ability to grow in water makes it a popular aquarium plant. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions.The whole herb is used medicinally in India in a variety of ways. Bacopa is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Ulcers}}, {{Uses|Tumors}}, {{Uses|Gastroenteritis}}, {{Uses|Ascites}}, {{Uses|Enlarged spleen}}, {{Uses|Anaemia}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Promote intellect}}, {{Uses|Memory enhancer}}, {{Uses|Increase life span}}, {{Uses|Rejuvinative}}.
It is a non-aromatic herb. The leaves of this plant are succulent==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Roots}}, oblong and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) thick. {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves are oblanceolate and are arranged oppositely on the stem. The flowers are small, actinomorphic and white, with four to five petals. Its ability to grow in water makes it a popular aquarium plant. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions. Propagation is often achieved through cuttings.}}
The whole herb is used medicinally in India in a variety of ways==Chemical Composition==Brahmi contains the alkaloids brahmine, herpestine. It is grown as a medicinal crop contains saponins namely bacosides A and is being research for antioxidant propertiesB. It also contains betulic acid, to help the nervous systemstigmasterol, monnierin and hersaponin. Bacosides A and to improve memory B on hydrolysis gives triterpenoid aglycone bacogenins A and mental functionsB respectively.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Brahmi, ಕಿರು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Kiru brahmi|ml=Brahmi|sa=Brahmi, Tiktalonika|ta=Neer brahmi, Pirami|te=Sambrani aku |hi=Baam|en=Indian pennywort, Moneywort|gu=Baam, Jalanevari|mr=Brahmi, Jalabrahmi}}<ref name="Common names"/>
==Properties==
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
===Dravya===
Bacopa <ref name="Bacopa"/> is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It is commonly known as Waterhyssop ==Rasa===Tikta (or Water HyssopBitter), though this is more misleading as Bacopa is not very closely related to hyssop but simply has a somewhat similar appearance Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light)===Veerya===Sheet (cold)===Vipaka===Madhura (Sweet)===Karma===
===Prabhava===
== Description Habit=={{Habit|Herb}}
They ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Small|Oval|Leaves that are annual or perennialsucculent and relatively thick, with decumbent or erect stems. The Brahmi leaves are opposite or whorled, and sessile. The leaf blade is regular, round to linear, and grow alternately on the venation is palmate or pinnate. Its stems are soft hairy or smooth. The flowers are produced solitary or in pairs from leaf axils, usually radially symmetrical, with five sepals and five petals, and they are usually white, blue, or purple. Dispersal and propagation is by seeds and stem fragments. Crushed leaves have a distinctive 'lemon' scent.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Unisexual||White-purplish|Five petals|Brahmi flowers bloom in most months of the year. Flowering throughout the year}}
== Uses =Fruit==={{Fruit|Oval||Brahmi fruit is oval and sharp at apex with hooked hairs|||Fruitig throughout the year}}
Bacopa monnieri, syn. Herpestis monniera, is important in Ayurvedic medicine and has been used, particularly in India, for several thousand years in the belief that it helps mental functioning, including comprehension (Dhi), memory (Dhriti), and recollection (Smriti).===Other features===
==Common List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==[[Tiktaka Grita]], [[Datri Tailam]], [[Brahmi Grita]], [[Rajata Loha Rasayanam]], [[Ratnagiri Rasa]], [[Lokanatha rasa]], [[Saarasvataarishta]], [[Meghanath Tailam]].<ref name=="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
* '''English''' - Herb ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of grace* '''Kannada''' - ಒಂದೆಲಗPropagation==* '''Hindi''' - ब्राह्मी{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==The plant is propagated by soft herbaceous cuttings. For mass propagation, whole plant is cut into small divisions and planted directly in the sunken beds. About 62,500 nos. of cuttings required for planting one hectare area.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Season to grow==It prefers part to full sun and It prefers Summer season.<ref name="Season to grow"/> ==Required Ecosystem/Climate==It is found at altitudes up to 1300 m. Near-neutral, clayey loam to clayey soils are best suited for the growth of Bacopa monnieri. In North India, it can grow in a wide range of temperatures (15–40 oC) and soil pH (5–7.5). ==Kind of soil needed==The plant occurs in a variety of soil types if the habitat provides wet and semi-shade conditions.  ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Moist and wet places}}, {{Commonly seen|Irrigated fields}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of water}}, {{Commonly seen|Bank of channels}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">Bacopa monnieri (6423342493).jpg|FieldBacopa monnieri (6423345315).jpg|FlowerBacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812665349).jpg|StemBacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812665965).jpg|Whole herbBacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812666587).jpg|LeavesBacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812667303).jpg|StemBacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6857283033).jpg|Leaves  </gallery> == References ==
<references>
<ref name="Bacopachemical composition">[http://www.cricketfundas.com/health-fundas/brahmi-chemical-constituents-and-uses/ Morphology]</ref><ref name="Leaf">[http://www.medicalhealthguide.com/herb/brahmi.htm Brahmi Herbal Medicine]</ref><ref name="Common names">[https://ensites.wikipediagoogle.orgcom/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/b/bacopa-monnieri Common names]</wikiref><ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/horti_medicinal%20crops_brahmi.html Cultivation details]</ref><ref name="Season to grow">[https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/bacopa-monnieri Bacopa monnier on vikaspedia.in]</ref><ref name="wikipediaKarnataka Medicinal Plants"]>"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.428, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [https://plantwriter.com/Bacopa-Monnieri-plant Bacopa Monnieri ( Neer Brahmi Plant ) - Live Plant Online]
* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/brahmi-bacopa-monnieri Bacopa Monnieri on planet ayurveda]
* [https://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/9-facts-brahmi-bacopa-monnieri/ 9 Must Know Facts About Brahmi]
* [https://www.thegrowers-exchange.com/Bacopa_p/her-bac01.htm Brahmi on growers exachange]
* [http://www.ecoindia.com/flora/trees/brahmi-plant.html Brahmi on ecoindia]
== External Links ==[[Category:Herbs]][[Category:Plantaginaceae]]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacopa_monnieri "wikipedia"] [[Category:HerbsAyurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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