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Albizia amara - Krishnasirish

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References
[[File:Albizia amara flowers 01.JPG|thumb|right|''Krishnasirish'', ''Albizia amara'']]
 '''Albizia amara ''' is a small to moderate-sized, much-branched deciduous shrub or small tree with a spreading crown; . it can grow up to 15 metres tall. It has a smooth, dark green, scaly bark. It resembles the acacias but lacks thorns. The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine, source of wood and other materials.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Hairfall}}, {{Uses|Dandruff}}, {{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Gonorrhoea}}, {{Uses|Leprosy}}, {{Uses|Boils and burns}}, {{Uses|Burns}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Ulcers}} <ref name="Uses"/>
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Pods}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
==Chemical Composition==
The seed extract showed DNA binding activity, which has been found to be due to pithecolibine alkaloids, budmunchiamines. The leaves contain prodelphinidins, myricitrin, hyperin, quercitrin, transp-coumaric acid, cis-p-coumaric acid and trans-ferulic acid. The seeds contain echinocystic acid and taxifolin--O-beta-D xylopyranosyl-beta-D-arbinopyranoside. <ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|sa=krishnasirishKrishnasirish|en=|gu=Bitter Albizia|hi=Kalisirish|kn=balukambiBalukambi, beelkambiBeelkambi, chigare, kadusige, ruggli|ks=Chigare|ml=chalavagai, oosulay, sulivakaChalavagai, varacchiOosulay, varachiSulivaka|mr=lulai, lulleiLulai, thugliLoullei, lalisurangi|pa=Thugli|ta=arappuArappu, arappumaram, cikkiram, turinjil, ushilamArappumaram|te=chigaraChigara, chikkareni, chikondi, nallarenga, shekraniChikkareni}}<ref name="Common names"/>
==Properties==
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.<ref name="Properties"/>
===Dravya===
===Rasa===
 Kashaya (Astringent), Tikta (Bitter), Madhura (Sweet)
===Guna===
Laghu (Light to Digest), Rooksha (Dry), Teekshna (Enters deep tissues)
===Veerya===
Ishat Ushna (Slightly hot)
===Vipaka===
Katu (Pungent)
===Karma===
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Bipinnate|Alternate|stipulateStipulate; stipules minute, free, lateral, lanceolate, cauducous; rachis 3-15 cm, slender, pulvinate, with a gland near the base on the upper side, yellow tomentose; pinnae 3-16 pairs, opposite, even pinnate, 2.5-7 cm, slender, rachis with a bristle at the terminal end, with a gland in between terminal pairs on the upper side or between all pairs; leaflets 20-60, opposite, even pinnate, estipellate, lamina 3-8 x.1-2 mm, sessile, linear, base oblique, apex subacute or obtuse, margin entire, ciliate or glabrous; surface appressed-pubescent or glabrescent, chartaceous; midrib more or less central, rarely towards the distal margin, lateral nerves obscure.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Bisexual|heads Heads solitary or 2-3 in axillary fascicles|Pale yellow| 6-8 mm long; peduncle to 5 cm, slender, densely pubescent; bracts to 5 mm, cauducous; pedicel to 1 mm, puberulous; calyx funnel-shaped, 1-2×1-1.5 mm, puberulous, teeth 5, short; corolla, 3|Flowering season: March -4 mm long, glabrous except the bearded apex, lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate; stamens many, 1-1.5 cm long, monadelphous at base, tube as long as or slightly shorter than the corolla tube, filaments long exserted; ovary stipitate, pubescent, style filiform, stigma minute. November}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|Pods|10-24 x 2.5-4 cm|| flatFlat, greyish-brown, veiny, straight or wavy along margin, base and apex rotund, horned, indehiscent; seeds |Seeds 6-13, compressed, ovate-orbicular.||Fruiting season: March - November}}
===Other features===
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Seed - it has a hard seedcoat and may benefit from scarification before sowing to speed up germination. This can usually be done by pouring a small amount of nearly boiling water on the seeds (being careful not to cook them!) and then soaking them for 12 - 24 hours in warm water. By this time they should have imbibed moisture and swollen - if they have not, then carefully make a nick in the seedcoat (being careful not to damage the embryo) and soak for a further 12 hours before sowing. The treated seed can be then sown and will germinate within 7 - 10 days. Germination rate is about 80%. <ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
File:Albizia amara (Krishna Siris) in Hyderabad W IMG 7396.jpg|Flowers
File:Albizia amara01.jpg|Pods
File:Albizia amara03.jpg|Pods
</gallery>
==References==
 
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf"chemistry"Chemistry]</ref><ref name="Uses">[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/83a6/ae092d3ad82bcc0660185d9e9f72b7751209.pdf"morphology"Morphology]</ref><ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/index.php/bot_search"Common names"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/245368"morphology"Morphology]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Albizia+amaraCultivation]</ref><ref name="CultivationProperties">Ayurvedic Properties - Easy Ayurveda</ref><ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"]>”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.433, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Albizia_amara.PDFAlbizia amara on Worldagroforestry.org]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Fabaceae]]

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