Antiaris toxicaria - Valkala

Valkala, Antiaris toxicaria

Bark cloth tree is a deciduous to evergreen, small to large tree with a crown of short, spreading branches; it usually grows up to 45 metres tall though exceptional specimens up to 60 metres are known. The bole can be up to 150cm in diameter and is usually buttressed. The tree is quite widely exploited for its timber and is also used medicinally. It has excellent prospects for use as a pioneer species and, because it casts a dense shade, it is sometimes planted as a roadside tree.

Uses

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Parts Used

[[:Category:Herbs with used in medicine|]], stem, leaves, Root.

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi
Gujarathi
Punjabi
Kashmiri
Sanskrit
English

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Simple	Alternate	Lofty trees to 50 m high; bole buttressed; bark 10-15 mm thick greyish-white, smooth, pustular-lenticellate, lenticels in vertical rows; blaze creamy white; exudation watery or milky. Leaves simple, alternate, bifarious; stipule small, lateral, connate, cauducous; petiole 3-8 mm long, stout, velvety; lamina 6.5-15 x 2.5-5 cm, oblong, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, base round, obtuse or cordate, apex acuminate or obtusely acuminate, margin entire or distantly crenulate, coriaceous, glabrous, scabrous beneath; lateral nerves 6-11 pairs, parallel, looped near the margin, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Unisexual	Spikes	Greenish-yellow	3-8	Flowers unisexual, greenish-yellow, minute, in spikes; male receptacle to 1.5 cm across, axillary, 3-4 together, tomentose; peduncle velvety; receptacle surrounded by imbricating bracts; tepals 3 or 4, spathulate, imbricate; filaments erect; anthers yellow; female flowers solitary in an involucre of few connate bracts, tepals absent; ovary superior, adnate to the involucre, 1-celled, ovule 1, pendulous; style arms 2, subulate, recurved.

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
Drupe	1.5-2.5 x 1-2 cm		pyriform or obovoid, fleshy, scarlet, velvety; seed 10-16 mm long.

Mode of Propagation

[[:Category:Index of Plants which can be propagated by |]]

Commonly seen growing in areas

[[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]].

Photo Gallery

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  Leaves

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  Leaves

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  Canopy

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  Tree

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  Fruits

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  Bark

External Links

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