Difference between revisions of "Xanthium strumarium"

Revision as of 12:35, 4 September 2020

Xanthium strumarium is an annual plant that can grow up to 0.75 metres tall. It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials.

Uses

Malaria, Rheumatism, Tuberculosis, Allergic rhinitis, Sinusitis, Catarrh, Rheumatoid arthritis, Constipation, Diarrhoea, Lumbago, Leprosy.^[1]

Parts Used

Leaves, Young plants, Seeds.

Chemical Composition

The main components of the oil were β-caryophyllene (17.53%), α-cadinol (6.66%), spathulenol (6.09%), limonene (5.66%) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2[2-nitroallyl]benzene (3.29%) etc.^[2]

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada	ಮರುಳೂಮ್ಮತ್ತಿ Maruluummatti
Hindi	Chota dhatura
Malayalam
Tamil	Marul-umattai
Telugu	Marulutige
Marathi	Ghagara
Gujarathi	Godrian
Punjabi
Kashmiri
Sanskrit	Arishta
English	Common Cocklebur, Broad bur

^[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Annual

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature

^[4]

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
				{{{5}}}

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds

How to plant/cultivate

Requires a sunny position, succeeding in most soils. Prefers a poor dry soil.^[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

River banks, Lake shores, Cultivated ground.

Photo Gallery

References

↑ Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare
↑ Chemical constituents
↑ Common names
↑ [Morphology]
↑ Cultivation

External Links

[Uses-1] Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare

[chemical_composition-2] Chemical constituents

[Common_names-3] Common names

[Leaf-4] [Morphology]

[How_to_plant.2Fcultivate-5] Cultivation

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{stub}}
+[[File:Alm10XanthiumStrumarium.jpg|thumb|right]]
+'''Xanthium strumarium''' is an annual plant that can grow up to 0.75 metres tall.
+It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials.
 ==Uses==
-{{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
+{{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Rheumatism}}, {{Uses|Tuberculosis}}, {{Uses|Allergic rhinitis}}, {{Uses|Sinusitis}}, {{Uses|Catarrh}}, {{Uses|Rheumatoid arthritis}}, {{Uses|Constipation}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Lumbago}}, {{Uses|Leprosy}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
 ==Parts Used==
-{{Parts Used|}}, {{Parts Used|stem}}, {{Parts Used|leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}.
+{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Young plants}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}.
 ==Chemical Composition==
-<ref name="chemical composition"/>
+The main components of the oil were β-caryophyllene (17.53%), α-cadinol (6.66%), spathulenol (6.09%), limonene (5.66%) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2[2-nitroallyl]benzene (3.29%) etc.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
 ==Common names==
-{{Common names|sa=|en=|gu=|hi=|kn=|ks=|ml=|mr=|pa=|ta=|te=}}
+{{Common names|sa=Arishta|en=Common Cocklebur, Broad bur|gu=Godrian|hi=Chota dhatura|kn=ಮರುಳೂಮ್ಮತ್ತಿ Maruluummatti|ks=|ml=|mr=Ghagara|pa=|ta=Marul-umattai|te=Marulutige}}<ref name="Common names"/>
 ==Properties==
@@ Line 16: / Line 18: @@
 ===Dravya===
 ===Rasa===
 ===Guna===
@@ Line 29: / Line 30: @@
 ==Habit==
-{{Habit|}}
+{{Habit|Annual}}
 ==Identification==
@@ Line 48: / Line 49: @@
 ==Mode of Propagation==
-{{Propagation|}}
+{{Propagation|Seeds}}
 ==How to plant/cultivate==
-<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
+Requires a sunny position, succeeding in most soils. Prefers a poor dry soil.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 ==Commonly seen growing in areas==
-{{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}.
+{{Commonly seen|River banks}}, {{Commonly seen|Lake shores}}, {{Commonly seen|Cultivated ground}}.
 ==Photo Gallery==
 <gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
+Vexetación na praia do Muíño. Galiza-8.jpg
+Alm10XanthiumStrumarium.jpg
+Arishta (Sanskrit- अरिष्ट) (2958244913).jpg
+Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10240 8235.jpg
+Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10243 8235.jpg
+Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10244 8235.jpg
+Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10245 8235.jpg
+Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur at Siliguri during LGFC - Bhutan 2019 (21).jpg
+Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur fruits at Iritty (1).jpg
+Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur at Siliguri during LGFC - Bhutan 2019 (4).jpg
 </gallery>
@@ Line 64: / Line 74: @@
 <references>
-<ref name="chemical composition">["Chemistry"]</ref>
+<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ijpsonline.com/articles/chemical-composition-and-antifungal-activity-of-essential-oil-from-xanthium-strumarium-l-leaves.html#:~:text=The%20hydrodistilled%20essential%20oil%20from%20Xanthium%20strumarium%20L.&text=strumarium%20oil.,nitroallyl%5Dbenzene%20(3.29%25). Chemical constituents]</ref>
-<ref name="Leaf">["Morphology"]</ref>
+<ref name="Leaf">[Morphology]</ref>
+<ref name="Common names">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Common%20Cocklebur.html Common names]</ref>
-<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "Cultivation"]</ref>
+<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://temperate.theferns.info/plant/Xanthium+strumarium Cultivation]</ref>
 <ref name="Uses">Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare</ref>
 </references>
 ==External Links==
-* [ ]
+* [https://wiki.bugwood.org/Xanthium_strumarium Xanthium strumarium on bugwood.org]
-* [ ]
+* [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/56864 Xanthium strumarium on cabi.org]
-* [ ]
 [[Category:Herbs]]