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Difference between revisions of "Melastoma malabathricum"

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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
−
{{Uses|Treat diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}},{{Uses|}},{{Uses|}},{{Uses|}}.
+
{{Uses|Treat diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}},{{Uses|Hemorrhoids}},{{Uses|cuts and wounds}},{{Uses|toothache, and stomachache}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
−
{{Parts Used|Flowers}}.
+
{{Parts Used|leaves}}, {{Parts Used|shoots}},{{Parts Used|barks}}, {{Parts Used|seeds, and roots}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
−
A pot experiment was conducted in the green house of the National Research Centre (seasons 2008/2009 and 2009/2010) to study the effect of foliar application of stigmasterol (0, 50, 100 mg/L) and/or diphenylurea (0, 5, 10 mg/L) on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and chemical constituents of Matthiola incana plants. Data indicate that most criteria of vegetative growth expressed as plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of the herb were significantly affected by the application of the two growth regulators. Foliar application of 5 mg/L diphenylurea combined with 100 mg/L stigmasterol gave the tallest Matthiola incana plants, while the highest increases in number of branches, number of pods, weight of pods, air dry weight of plant and seed yield at fruiting stage were found in plants treated with 10 mg/L diphenylurea combined with 100 mg/L stigmasterol. In comparison between stigmasterol and diphenylurea treatments the mean values of all growth characters during the vegetative and flowering stages reveal the superiority of stigmasterol especially at higher concentration (100 mg/L) used. The highest increases in fixed oil yield were found in plants treated with 5 mg /L diphenylurea combined with 100 mg/L stigmasterol. Photosynthetic pigments, N%, protein%, fixed oil % and oil yield were influenced by treating the plants with stigmasterol and diphenylurea. GLC analysis of the seed oil indicated that the application of 10 mg/L diphenylurea and 50 mg/L stigmasterol only increases γ - linolenic acid compared with control plants. While, the other treatments dropped the γ -linolenic acid compared with control one.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
+
Various phytochemical groups and constituents have been identified in M. malabathricum since 1968 and are strongly associated with its ethnomedicinal values. Earlier study by Lowry showed the presence of ellagic acid and anthocyanin (e.g., malvidin-3,5-diglucoside) in the methanol extract of M. malabathricum barks (MMMBk) and aqueous extract of M. malabathricum flowers (AMMFw), respectively. Meanwhile, Lowry also reported the presence of anthocyanins (e.g., cyanidin- (Cy-) 3-glucoside and Cy-3,5-diglucoside) in the water extract of M. malabathricum fruits (WMMFr). Manzoor-I-Khuda et al. reported the isolation of β-sitosterol and a triterpenoid designated as melastomic acid (5-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid) from the ethanolic extract of M. malabathricum roots (EMMR). Dinda and Saha reported the isolation of 1-octyl docosanoate and 11-methyl-1-tricontanol while Dinda and Saha [45] reported the presence of fatty acids and sterols. Das and Kotoky reported the isolation of a new aliphatic constituent, namely, 32-methyl-1-tritriacontanol, together with ursolic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid, and kaempferol from the leaves and flowers of M. malabathricum. Compounds like kaempferol-3-O-β-D-xyloside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside, flavan-3-ol, 4′-methylpeonidin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, anthocyanins, and tannins have also been isolated from the aerial part of M. malabathricum
 +
<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
−
{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Stock, Tenweeks stock, Gillyflower, Brompton Stock}}
+
{{Common names|kn=|ml=Kalathi,Kadali,Athirani,Thodukkara,Kalampotti|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Malabar Melastome, Indian-rhododendron}}
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|1 inch|White|5|Flowers Season is June - August}}
+
{{Flower|Unisexual|1 inch|Light blue|5|Flowers Season is June - August}}
  
  
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==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
−
{{Propagation|Cultivated Beds}}.
+
{{Propagation|roots}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Landscape Uses:Border, Container, Foundation, Massing. Succeeds in ordinary garden soil. Prefers a fertile neutral or slightly alkaline soil in full sun. Plants grow best in a sandy soil in a warm, sheltered position. A very ornamental plant, it is also a good butterfly plant. Plants are usually biennial or short-lived perennials and are normally grown as annuals in the garden. The wild plant is a perennial with an almost shrubby nature. Garden forms have been bred to have annual or biennial characteristics. The flowers have a strong sweet scent. Special Features: Suitable for cut flowers, Fragrant flowers.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Shrubs to 1.3 m tall; stem densely covered with paleaceous pectinate hairs. Leaves 4-11 x 1.5-4 cm, elliptic-oblong, base attenuate, apex acute, upper surface prominently lineolate; lower surface tomentose, 5-ribbed, drying dull-greenish; petiole to 1.5 cm long. Flowers solitary or few in rather dense clusters, c. 5 cm across; bracts 1.2-2 x 1-1.4 cm, boat-shaped, densely paleaceous hairy. Calyx tube 0.7-1 cm long, campanulate; lobes 5, 5-7 x 4-5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, densely paleaceous hairy. Petals 5, reddish purple, 1.5-2 x 0.7 - 1 cm, obovate. Stamens 10, alternating ones large and small; anthers dimorphic, dehiscence by apical pores. Ovary ovoid, 5-locular; ovules many; style simple. Capsules 1-1.5 x 0.8-1 cm, ovoid, irregularly dehiscent. Seeds many, minute.
 +
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
−
{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|Meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
+
{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|Meadows}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
−
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287279893_Growth_parameters_yield_and_chemical_composition_of_Matthiola_incana_plants_as_influenced_by_foliar_spray_with_stigmasterol_and_diphenylurea Chemical constituents]</ref>
+
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2012/258434/ Chemical constituents]</ref>
  
−
<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/german-chamomile.html Plant description]</ref>
+
<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Plant description]</ref>
  
−
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Matthiola+incana Cultivation"]</ref>
+
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Cultivation"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
−
[[Category:Pages without herbs images]]
+
 
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
−
* [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?2240,2565,2566 Matthiola incana]
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* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Melastoma malabathricum]
  
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
−
[[Category:Asteraceae]]
 

Revision as of 13:22, 1 June 2020

Melastoma malabathricum

Melastoma malabathricum, known also as Malabar melastome, Indian rhododendron, Singapore rhododendron, planter's rhododendron and senduduk, is a flowering plant in the family Melastomataceae.


Uses

Treat diarrhoea, Dysentery,Hemorrhoids,cuts and wounds,toothache, and stomachache.

Parts Used

leaves, shoots,barks, seeds, and roots.

Chemical Composition

Various phytochemical groups and constituents have been identified in M. malabathricum since 1968 and are strongly associated with its ethnomedicinal values. Earlier study by Lowry showed the presence of ellagic acid and anthocyanin (e.g., malvidin-3,5-diglucoside) in the methanol extract of M. malabathricum barks (MMMBk) and aqueous extract of M. malabathricum flowers (AMMFw), respectively. Meanwhile, Lowry also reported the presence of anthocyanins (e.g., cyanidin- (Cy-) 3-glucoside and Cy-3,5-diglucoside) in the water extract of M. malabathricum fruits (WMMFr). Manzoor-I-Khuda et al. reported the isolation of β-sitosterol and a triterpenoid designated as melastomic acid (5-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid) from the ethanolic extract of M. malabathricum roots (EMMR). Dinda and Saha reported the isolation of 1-octyl docosanoate and 11-methyl-1-tricontanol while Dinda and Saha [45] reported the presence of fatty acids and sterols. Das and Kotoky reported the isolation of a new aliphatic constituent, namely, 32-methyl-1-tritriacontanol, together with ursolic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid, and kaempferol from the leaves and flowers of M. malabathricum. Compounds like kaempferol-3-O-β-D-xyloside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside, flavan-3-ol, 4′-methylpeonidin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, anthocyanins, and tannins have also been isolated from the aerial part of M. malabathricum [1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam Kalathi,Kadali,Athirani,Thodukkara,Kalampotti
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Malabar Melastome, Indian-rhododendron


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate The leaves are light green and feathery with a bipinnate pattern

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 1 inch Light blue 5 Flowers Season is June - August


Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

roots.

How to plant/cultivate

Shrubs to 1.3 m tall; stem densely covered with paleaceous pectinate hairs. Leaves 4-11 x 1.5-4 cm, elliptic-oblong, base attenuate, apex acute, upper surface prominently lineolate; lower surface tomentose, 5-ribbed, drying dull-greenish; petiole to 1.5 cm long. Flowers solitary or few in rather dense clusters, c. 5 cm across; bracts 1.2-2 x 1-1.4 cm, boat-shaped, densely paleaceous hairy. Calyx tube 0.7-1 cm long, campanulate; lobes 5, 5-7 x 4-5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, densely paleaceous hairy. Petals 5, reddish purple, 1.5-2 x 0.7 - 1 cm, obovate. Stamens 10, alternating ones large and small; anthers dimorphic, dehiscence by apical pores. Ovary ovoid, 5-locular; ovules many; style simple. Capsules 1-1.5 x 0.8-1 cm, ovoid, irregularly dehiscent. Seeds many, minute. [3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tall grasslands, Meadows.

Photo Gallery

  • Melastoma malabathricum subsp. malabathricum foliage.jpg
  • Melastoma malabathricum 100.JPG
  • Melastoma malabathricum fruit.jpg

References

  1. ↑ Chemical constituents
  2. ↑ Plant description
  3. ↑ Cultivation"


External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Melastoma_malabathricum&oldid=49005"