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Difference between revisions of "Terminalia arjuna - Arjuna, White Marudah"

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[[File:800px-Terminalia arjuna 07a.JPG|thumb|right|'' Nirmatti'', ''Terminalia arjuna'']]
 
[[File:800px-Terminalia arjuna 07a.JPG|thumb|right|'' Nirmatti'', ''Terminalia arjuna'']]
  
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'''Nirmatti''' or '''Terminalia arjuna''' is a tree of the genus Terminalia. It is commonly known as '''arjuna''' or '''arjun tree''' in English,<ref name="des"/> ''' thella maddi''' in Telugu, '''kumbuk''' in Sinhala, '''marudha maram''' in Tamil and '''neer maruthu''' in Malayalam.
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'''Terminalia arjuna''' is a tree of the genus Terminalia. The arjuna is about 20–25 metres tall; usually has a buttressed trunk, and forms a wide canopy at the crown, from which branches drop downwards.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Atherosclerosis}}, {{Uses|Coronary Artery Disease}}, {{Uses|Myocardial Infarction}}, {{Uses|Shortness of Breath}}, {{Uses|Angina Pectoris}}, {{Uses|Dyslipidemia}}, {{Uses|Hypercholesterolemia}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhages}}, {{Uses|Bone Fractures}}
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
 +
 
 +
==Chemical Composition==
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Main chemical constitutes are tannins, triterpenoid saponins (arjunic acid, arjunolic acid, arjungenin and arjunic acid), flavonoids, gallic acid, ellagic acid and phytosterols.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=NEER MARUTHU|sa=ARJUNA, ARJUN|ta=MARUDHA MARAM|te=THELLA MADDI|hi=ARJUNA, ARJUN|en=ARJUNA, ARJUN TREE}}
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
 +
 
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
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==Identification==
 +
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Conical and oblong leaves. Leaves have a green color on the top and brown color below.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5|Flowering Time is March and June}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|2 to 5 cm|Fruition Time Between September to November|It has fibrous woody fruits|many}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
 +
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Its fruit is dried in the sunlight and than stored up to 6 -12 months. Seeds are pretreated by soaking in the water for 48 hours before sowing in beds.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 +
{{Commonly seen|humid areas}}, {{Commonly seen|fertile and red lateritic soils}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
   
 
   
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The arjuna is about 20–25 metres tall; usually has a buttressed trunk, and forms a wide canopy at the crown, from which branches drop downwards. It has oblong, conical leaves which are green on the top and brown below; smooth, grey bark; it has pale yellow flowers which appear between March and June; its glabrous, 2.5 to 5 cm fibrous woody fruit, divided into five wings, appears between September and November.<ref name="des"/>
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Bark with Immature Oriental Magpie Robin I IMG 7827.jpg
  
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== Uses ==
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 +
Flowers with Sykes's warbler I IMG 1880.jpg
  
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The terminalia arjuna was introduced into Ayurveda as a treatment for heart disease by Vagbhata . It is traditionally prepared as a milk decoction. In the Ashtānga Hridayam, but was also mentioned in many ancient Indian vedas, and was a known practice for thousands of years, passed down by tradition, before vagbhata mentioned it in his writings. Vagbhata mentions arjuna in the treatment of wounds, hemorrhages and ulcers, applied topically as a powder. Arjuna is an excellent medicine for Heart, it has the capability to even reverse heart failure. The Arjuna plant has traditionally been used to treat heart disease for centuries, which is why it got the nickname '''Guardian of the heart'''. It’s named after the hero of the famous epic “Mahabharata”, because of its protective effects. Arjuna is an evergreen tree of the Combretaceae family, which grows along the rivers of West Bengal in the drained beds of central and southern India. In Ayurveda,it’s considered a sacred plant.
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Fruit I IMG 9577.jpg
  
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==Common name==
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 +
Kosa Silk Culture at Raigarh.jpg
  
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* '''English''' - White Marudah
 
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* '''Kannada''' - ಮತ್ತಿಮರ
 
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* '''Hindi''' - कोह
 
  
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== References ==
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(Terminalia Arjuna) tree at Vivekananda park in Kakinada.jpg
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<references>
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Anjantree.JPG
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<ref name="des">[http://www.ecoindia.com/flora/trees/arjun-tree.html "Arjun Tree"]</ref>
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 +
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Bark - Terminalia arjuna - Indian Botanic Garden - Howrah 2013-03-31 5734.JPG
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.motherherbs.com/terminalia-arjuna-extract.html "Chemical Constituents"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.ayurtimes.com/terminalia-arjuna-arjun-tree/ "plant description"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.ecoindia.com/flora/trees/arjun-tree.html "Cultivation methods"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2225411016000262 Medicinal properties of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: A review]
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* [https://examine.com/supplements/terminalia-arjuna/ Summary of Terminalia arjuna]
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* [http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/speciesprofile.php?Spid=18136 Terminalia arjuna on world agro forestry.org]
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_arjuna Terminalia arjuna-Wikipedia]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 11:28, 11 June 2018

Nirmatti, Terminalia arjuna

Terminalia arjuna is a tree of the genus Terminalia. The arjuna is about 20–25 metres tall; usually has a buttressed trunk, and forms a wide canopy at the crown, from which branches drop downwards.

Uses

Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Shortness of Breath, Angina Pectoris, Dyslipidemia, Hypercholesterolemia, Hemorrhages, Bone Fractures

Parts Used

Dried Folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Main chemical constitutes are tannins, triterpenoid saponins (arjunic acid, arjunolic acid, arjungenin and arjunic acid), flavonoids, gallic acid, ellagic acid and phytosterols.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi ARJUNA, ARJUN
Malayalam NEER MARUTHU
Tamil MARUDHA MARAM
Telugu THELLA MADDI
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit ARJUNA, ARJUN
English ARJUNA, ARJUN TREE


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple alternate Conical and oblong leaves. Leaves have a green color on the top and brown color below.

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5 Flowering Time is March and June

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 2 to 5 cm Fruition Time Between September to November It has fibrous woody fruits many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Its fruit is dried in the sunlight and than stored up to 6 -12 months. Seeds are pretreated by soaking in the water for 48 hours before sowing in beds.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

humid areas, fertile and red lateritic soils, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Bark with Immature Oriental Magpie Robin I IMG 7827.jpg
  • Flowers with Sykes's warbler I IMG 1880.jpg
  • Fruit I IMG 9577.jpg
  • Kosa Silk Culture at Raigarh.jpg
  • (Terminalia Arjuna) tree at Vivekananda park in Kakinada.jpg
  • Anjantree.JPG
  • Bark - Terminalia arjuna - Indian Botanic Garden - Howrah 2013-03-31 5734.JPG

References

  1. ↑ "Chemical Constituents"
  2. ↑ "plant description"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation methods"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Terminalia_arjuna_-_Arjuna,_White_Marudah&oldid=16496"