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Difference between revisions of "Abrus precatorius - Gunja"

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[[File:Abrus precatorius (1463017430).jpg|thumb|right|''Abrus precatorius'', '' Gunjaa'']]
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[[File:Abrus_precatorius_%E2%80%94_Scott_Zona_001.jpg|thumb|right]]
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[[File:IndianLicorice 7899.JPG|thumb|right|''Gulaganji'']]
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'''Abrus precatorius''' is a severely invasive plant in warm temperate to tropical regions. The plant is best known for its seeds, which are used as beads and in percussion instruments and which are toxic because of the presence of abrin. This plant belongs to Fabaceae family.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Blisters in mouths}}, {{Uses|Mouth sores}}, {{Uses|Bleeding piles}}, {{Uses|Leucorrhoea}}, {{Uses|Mild diabetes}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Physical weakness}}, {{Uses|Ulcer}}, {{Uses|Urinary trouble}}, {{Uses|Snakebite}}, {{Uses|Infection in intestine}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
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===Food===
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Gunja can be used in food. Leaves are sweet and are chewed with paan or also eaten raw<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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'''Abrus precatorius''' is a severely invasive plant in warm temperate to tropical regions, so much so that it has become effectively pantropical in distribution. It had been widely introduced by humans, and the brightly coloured and hard-shelled seeds had been spread by birds. By the end of the twentieth century, it had been proclaimed as an invasive weed in many regions including some in Belize, Caribbean Islands, Hawaii, Polynesia and parts of the mainland United States. In Florida in particular, the plant has invaded undisturbed pinelands and hammocks, including the vulnerable pine rocklands.Once Abrus precatorius plants have grown to maturity under favourable conditions, their deep roots are extremely difficult to remove, and the plants' aggressive growth, hard-shelled seeds, and ability to sucker, renders an infestation extremely difficult to eradicate and makes it very difficult to prevent re-infestation.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Seeds}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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This fantabulous herb has a various benfits, some of them are listed below:
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==Chemical Composition==
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#The plant is used in Ayurveda and is said to promote hair growth. It is sometimes used as an ingredient in Indian hair products.
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Mature seeds contain alkali like abrine, precatorine, etc.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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#'''Abrus precatorius''', called '''kundu mani''' in Tamil and '''Guruvinda ginja''' in Telugu, has been used in Siddha medicine for centuries. The white variety is used to prepare oil that is claimed to be an aphrodisiac.
 
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# A tea is made from the leaves and used for fevers, coughs and colds.
 
  
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==Common name==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Gulaganji, ಗುಲಗಂಜಿ|ml=Kunni, Kunnikkuru|sa=Gunja|ta=Gundumani, Kundumani|te=Gurivinda|hi=Gaungchi, Gunchi|en=Equirity}}
  
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* '''English''' - Crabs eye
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==Properties==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಗುಲಗಂಜಿ
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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* '''Hindi''' - Gaungchi
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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== External Links ==
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrus_precatorius Abrus precatorius-Wikipedia]
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===Nutritional components===
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Gunja contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin A Vitamin A, B, C; Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Zinc etc.<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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[[category:herbs]]
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Deciduous climber}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Paripinnate|Obovate|Leaves are alternately arranged, leaflets 12-16 pairs, 0.8-2.5 x 0.4-1 cm, oblong to elliptic, base and apex obtuse}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Bisexual|2-4cm long|Pink/white|9|Flowering through out the year}}<ref name="Identification"/>
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Oblong pod|Thinly septate|Pilose, wrinkled|Subglobose|Seeds upto 5|Fruiting through out the year}}<ref name="Identification"/>
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Neelibhrungadi tailam]] as ''root juice extract''
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* [[Sarivadi Vati]] as ''root juice extract''
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}
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==Cultivation Details==
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Seeds naturally have a low germination rate. The hard and impenetrable seed coat is one of the reasons. Gunja's availability period is from August to March<ref name="Cultivation details"/><ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
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==Season to grow==
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==Required Ecosystem/Climate==
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==Kind of soil needed==
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Subtropical area}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:AbrusWhiteSeeds.jpg|White variety of seeds.
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File:Abrus precatorius W IMG 1578.jpg|''Abrus precatorius'' leaves and flowers
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File:Abrus precatorius W2 IMG 1578.jpg|''Abrus precatorius'' flowers
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File:IndianLicorice 7899.JPG|''Abrus precatorius'' seeds
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File:Abrus_precatorius_%E2%80%94_Scott_Zona_001.jpg|Fruits
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130728111350/http://libproject.hkbu.edu.hk/was40/detail?lang=en&channelid=1288&searchword=herb_id%3DD01344 Chemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/32002 Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2015/09/12/rosary-pea-abrus-precatorius/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_cultivate_Abrus_precatorius Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:121</ref>
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<ref name="Identification">Kappathagudda - A Repertoire of Medicinal Plants of Gadag book, Page no: 30</ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.15, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
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</references>
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/gunja-jequirity-information-and-medicinal-uses/197/ Gunja (Jequirity) Information and Medicinal Uses]
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* [https://www.dabur.com/in/en-us/about/science-of-ayurveda/herbal-medicinal-plants/rati-plant Gunja on medicinal plants ]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2015/09/12/rosary-pea-abrus-precatorius/ Gunja-purification and side efffects]
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* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/abrus_precatorius.htm Gunja-medicinal uses and benefits]
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* [http://medicinal-plant-abrus.blogspot.in/ Medicinal Plant - Abrus precatorius]
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Climber]]
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[[Category:Fabaceae]]

Latest revision as of 15:18, 21 October 2021

Abrus precatorius — Scott Zona 001.jpg

Abrus precatorius is a severely invasive plant in warm temperate to tropical regions. The plant is best known for its seeds, which are used as beads and in percussion instruments and which are toxic because of the presence of abrin. This plant belongs to Fabaceae family.

Uses

Blisters in mouths, Mouth sores, Bleeding piles, Leucorrhoea, Mild diabetes, Cough, Physical weakness, Ulcer, Urinary trouble, Snakebite, Infection in intestine.[1]

Food

Gunja can be used in food. Leaves are sweet and are chewed with paan or also eaten raw[2]

Parts Used

Seeds, Stem, Leaves, Roots[2]

Chemical Composition

Mature seeds contain alkali like abrine, precatorine, etc.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Gulaganji, ಗುಲಗಂಜಿ
Hindi Gaungchi, Gunchi
Malayalam Kunni, Kunnikkuru
Tamil Gundumani, Kundumani
Telugu Gurivinda
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Gunja
English Equirity


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Gunja contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin A Vitamin A, B, C; Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Zinc etc.[2]

Habit

Deciduous climber

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Paripinnate Obovate Leaves are alternately arranged, leaflets 12-16 pairs, 0.8-2.5 x 0.4-1 cm, oblong to elliptic, base and apex obtuse

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 2-4cm long Pink/white 9 Flowering through out the year

[5]

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Oblong pod Thinly septate Pilose, wrinkled Subglobose Seeds upto 5 Fruiting through out the year

[5]

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[6]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings

Cultivation Details

Seeds naturally have a low germination rate. The hard and impenetrable seed coat is one of the reasons. Gunja's availability period is from August to March[7][2]

Season to grow

Required Ecosystem/Climate

Kind of soil needed

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Subtropical area.

Photo Gallery

  • White variety of seeds.

  • Abrus precatorius leaves and flowers

  • Abrus precatorius flowers

  • Abrus precatorius seeds

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:121
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.15, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  3. ↑ Chemistry
  4. ↑ Morphology
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kappathagudda - A Repertoire of Medicinal Plants of Gadag book, Page no: 30
  6. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  7. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Abrus_precatorius_-_Gunja&oldid=55992"