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Difference between revisions of "Mitragyna speciosa - Kratom"

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[[File:Kratom leafes.jpg|thumb|right|''Mitragyna speciosa'', ''kratom'']]
 
[[File:Kratom leafes.jpg|thumb|right|''Mitragyna speciosa'', ''kratom'']]
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'''Mitragyna speciosa Korth''' is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family. It is native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria. Mitragyna speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Vomiting}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Anorexia}}, {{Uses|Darkened skin}}, {{Uses|Psychosis}}, {{Uses|Hypertension}}, {{Uses|Indigestion}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Stomachache}}
  
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'''Mitragyna speciosa Korth'''. (commonly known as '''kratom''', also '''ketum'''),<ref name="int"/> is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria (botanical regions). M. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried foliage}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in the leaves. It was first isolated in 1921 and its chemical structure was fully elucidated in 1964.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Mitragyna speciosa is an evergreen tree that can grow to a height of 25 m (82 ft) tall and the trunk may grow to a 0.9 m (3 ft) diameter. The trunk is generally straight and the outer bark is smooth and grey. The leaves are dark green and glossy, and can grow to over 14–20 cm (5.5–7.9 in) long and 7–12 cm (2.8–4.7 in) wide when fully open, are ovate-acuminate in shape, and opposite in growth pattern, with 12–17 pairs of veins. The flowers grow in clusters of three at the ends of the branches. The calyx-tube is 2 mm (0.079 in) long and has 5 lobes; the corolla-tube is 2.5–3 millimetres (0.098–0.118 in) long.
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=Kaim|en=Kaim, True Kadamb}}
  
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*The leaves are chewed to relieve musculoskeletal pain, increase energy, appetite, and sexual desire in ways similar to khat and coca.
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==Properties==
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*The leaves or extracts from them are used to heal wounds and as a local anesthetic. Extracts and leaves have been used to treat coughs, diarrhea, and intestinal infections.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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*Kratom is often used by workers in laborious or monotonous professions to stave off exhaustion as well as a mood enhancer and/or painkiller.
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===Dravya===
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*kratom was "used as a snack to receive guests and was part of the ritual worship of ancestors and gods.
 
  
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==Common name==
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===Rasa===
  
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* '''English''' - kratom
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===Guna===
  
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== References ==
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===Veerya===
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<references>
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===Vipaka===
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<ref name="int">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?417532  Mitragyna speciosa information from NPGS/GRIN]</ref>
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</references>
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Deciduous tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|The leaves of the kratom tree are a dark green colour and can grow to over 7 inches (180 mm) long and 4 inches (100 mm) wide}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|3-5cm long|Yellow|5-20|The flowers are crowded in a round terminal inflorescences which are three to five centimeters long}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Simple|7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Kratom originates from hot, latitude part of the world, and therefore prefers warm latitude, even drench-like situations.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Subtropical area}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Kratom tree.jpg|Leaves
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File:Kratom leaves.jpg|Flowers
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File:Mambog, bunga.jpg|Fruits
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/drug-profiles/kratom Pharmacology]</ref>
  
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== External Links ==
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/1106532/details Plant description]</ref>
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa Mitragyna speciosa-Wikipedia]
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.vegetablegardener.com/item/63876/how-to-grow-kratom-plants Growin of Kratom Plants]</ref>
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</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/mitragyna-speciosa Mitragyna speciosa on sceince direct]
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* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11419-015-0305-6 Mitragyna speciosa on link.springer.com]
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* [http://eol.org/pages/1106532/details Mitragyna speciosa on encyclopedea of life]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Rubiaceae]]

Latest revision as of 12:21, 24 June 2020

Mitragyna speciosa, kratom

Mitragyna speciosa Korth is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family. It is native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria. Mitragyna speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.

Uses

Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Anorexia, Darkened skin, Psychosis, Hypertension, Indigestion, Diarrhea, Stomachache

Parts Used

Dried foliage.

Chemical Composition

Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in the leaves. It was first isolated in 1921 and its chemical structure was fully elucidated in 1964.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi Kaim
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Kaim, True Kadamb


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Deciduous tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate The leaves of the kratom tree are a dark green colour and can grow to over 7 inches (180 mm) long and 4 inches (100 mm) wide

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 3-5cm long Yellow 5-20 The flowers are crowded in a round terminal inflorescences which are three to five centimeters long

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Simple 7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Kratom originates from hot, latitude part of the world, and therefore prefers warm latitude, even drench-like situations.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Subtropical area.

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Flowers

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Pharmacology
  2. ↑ Plant description
  3. ↑ Growin of Kratom Plants

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Mitragyna_speciosa_-_Kratom&oldid=50330"