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[[File:450px-Bacopa monnieri (6423345315).jpg|thumb|right|''Bacopa Monnieri'', ''Brahmi'']]
 
[[File:450px-Bacopa monnieri (6423345315).jpg|thumb|right|''Bacopa Monnieri'', ''Brahmi'']]
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'''Bacopa Monnieri''' is a non-aromatic herb. Its ability to grow in water makes it a popular aquarium plant. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions.The whole herb is used medicinally in India in a variety of ways. Bacopa is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae.
  
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Ulcers}}, {{Uses|Tumors}}, {{Uses|Gastroenteritis}}, {{Uses|Ascites}}, {{Uses|Enlarged spleen}}, {{Uses|Anaemia}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Promote intellect}}, {{Uses|Memory enhancer}}, {{Uses|Increase life span}}, {{Uses|Rejuvinative}}.
  
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It is a non-aromatic herb. The leaves of this plant are succulent, oblong and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) thick. Leaves are oblanceolate and are arranged oppositely on the stem. The flowers are small, actinomorphic and white, with four to five petals. Its ability to grow in water makes it a popular aquarium plant. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions. Propagation is often achieved through cuttings.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}
  
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The whole herb is used medicinally in India in a variety of ways. It is grown as a medicinal crop and is being research for antioxidant properties, to help the nervous system, and to improve memory and mental functions.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Brahmi contains the alkaloids brahmine, herpestine. It contains saponins namely bacosides A and B. It also contains betulic acid, stigmasterol, monnierin and hersaponin. Bacosides A and B on hydrolysis gives triterpenoid aglycone bacogenins A and B respectively.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Brahmi, ಕಿರು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Kiru brahmi|ml=Brahmi|sa=Brahmi, Tiktalonika|ta=Neer brahmi, Pirami|te=Sambrani aku |hi=Baam|en=Indian pennywort, Moneywort|gu=Baam, Jalanevari|mr=Brahmi, Jalabrahmi}}<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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Bacopa <ref name="Bacopa"/> is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It is commonly known as Waterhyssop (or Water Hyssop, though this is more misleading as Bacopa is not very closely related to hyssop but simply has a somewhat similar appearance)
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light)
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===Veerya===
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Sheet (cold)
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===Vipaka===
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Madhura (Sweet)
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===Karma===
  
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===Prabhava===
  
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== Description ==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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They are annual or perennial, with decumbent or erect stems. The leaves are opposite or whorled, and sessile. The leaf blade is regular, round to linear, and the venation is palmate or pinnate. Its stems are hairy or smooth. The flowers are produced solitary or in pairs from leaf axils, usually radially symmetrical, with five sepals and five petals, and they are usually white, blue, or purple. Dispersal and propagation is by seeds and stem fragments. Crushed leaves have a distinctive 'lemon' scent.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Small|Oval|Leaves that are succulent and relatively thick, Brahmi leaves grow alternately on the soft hairy stem}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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==Useful parts of the plant==
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual||White-purplish|Five petals|Brahmi flowers bloom in most months of the year. Flowering throughout the year}}
  
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*'''Root, Stem and Leaves'''.
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Oval||Brahmi fruit is oval and sharp at apex with hooked hairs|||Fruitig throughout the year}}
  
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== Uses ==
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===Other features===
  
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Bacopa monnieri, syn. Herpestis monniera, is important in [[Ayurvedic medicine]] and has been used, particularly in India, for several thousand years in the belief that it helps mental functioning, including comprehension (Dhi), memory (Dhriti), and recollection (Smriti).
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Tiktaka Grita]], [[Datri Tailam]], [[Brahmi Grita]], [[Rajata Loha Rasayanam]], [[Ratnagiri Rasa]], [[Lokanatha rasa]], [[Saarasvataarishta]], [[Meghanath Tailam]].<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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==Common name==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
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* '''English''' - Herb of grace
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಒಂದೆಲಗ
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The plant is propagated by soft herbaceous cuttings. For mass propagation, whole plant is cut into small divisions and planted directly in the sunken beds. About 62,500 nos. of cuttings required for planting one hectare area.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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* '''Hindi''' -  ब्राह्मी
 
  
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== References ==
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==Season to grow==
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It prefers part to full sun and It prefers Summer season.<ref name="Season to grow"/>
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==Required Ecosystem/Climate==
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It is found at altitudes up to 1300 m. Near-neutral, clayey loam to clayey soils are best suited for the growth of Bacopa monnieri. In North India, it can grow in a wide range of temperatures (15–40 oC) and soil pH (5–7.5).
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==Kind of soil needed==
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The plant occurs in a variety of soil types if the habitat provides wet and semi-shade conditions.
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Moist and wet places}}, {{Commonly seen|Irrigated fields}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of water}}, {{Commonly seen|Bank of channels}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Bacopa monnieri (6423342493).jpg|Field
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Bacopa monnieri (6423345315).jpg|Flower
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812665349).jpg|Stem
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812665965).jpg|Whole herb
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812666587).jpg|Leaves
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6812667303).jpg|Stem
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (6857283033).jpg|Leaves
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</gallery>
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==References==
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="Bacopa">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacopa "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.cricketfundas.com/health-fundas/brahmi-chemical-constituents-and-uses/ Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.medicalhealthguide.com/herb/brahmi.htm Brahmi Herbal Medicine]</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[https://sites.google.com/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/b/bacopa-monnieri Common names]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/horti_medicinal%20crops_brahmi.html Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Season to grow">[https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/bacopa-monnieri Bacopa monnier on vikaspedia.in]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.428, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [https://plantwriter.com/Bacopa-Monnieri-plant Bacopa Monnieri ( Neer Brahmi Plant ) - Live Plant Online]
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* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/brahmi-bacopa-monnieri Bacopa Monnieri on planet ayurveda]
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* [https://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/9-facts-brahmi-bacopa-monnieri/ 9 Must Know Facts About Brahmi]
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* [https://www.thegrowers-exchange.com/Bacopa_p/her-bac01.htm Brahmi on growers exachange]
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* [http://www.ecoindia.com/flora/trees/brahmi-plant.html Brahmi on ecoindia]
  
  
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== External Links ==
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Plantaginaceae]]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacopa_monnieri "wikipedia"]
 
  
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]

Latest revision as of 17:14, 10 June 2023

Bacopa Monnieri, Brahmi

Bacopa Monnieri is a non-aromatic herb. Its ability to grow in water makes it a popular aquarium plant. It can even grow in slightly brackish conditions.The whole herb is used medicinally in India in a variety of ways. Bacopa is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae.

Uses

Epilepsy, Asthma, Ulcers, Tumors, Gastroenteritis, Ascites, Enlarged spleen, Anaemia, Inflammation, Promote intellect, Memory enhancer, Increase life span, Rejuvinative.

Parts Used

Roots, Stem, Leaves

Chemical Composition

Brahmi contains the alkaloids brahmine, herpestine. It contains saponins namely bacosides A and B. It also contains betulic acid, stigmasterol, monnierin and hersaponin. Bacosides A and B on hydrolysis gives triterpenoid aglycone bacogenins A and B respectively.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Brahmi, ಕಿರು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಿ Kiru brahmi
Hindi Baam
Malayalam Brahmi
Tamil Neer brahmi, Pirami
Telugu Sambrani aku
Marathi Brahmi, Jalabrahmi
Gujarathi Baam, Jalanevari
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Brahmi, Tiktalonika
English Indian pennywort, Moneywort

[2]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light)

Veerya

Sheet (cold)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Small Oval Leaves that are succulent and relatively thick, Brahmi leaves grow alternately on the soft hairy stem

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual White-purplish Five petals Brahmi flowers bloom in most months of the year. Flowering throughout the year

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Oval Brahmi fruit is oval and sharp at apex with hooked hairs Fruitig throughout the year

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Tiktaka Grita, Datri Tailam, Brahmi Grita, Rajata Loha Rasayanam, Ratnagiri Rasa, Lokanatha rasa, Saarasvataarishta, Meghanath Tailam.[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

The plant is propagated by soft herbaceous cuttings. For mass propagation, whole plant is cut into small divisions and planted directly in the sunken beds. About 62,500 nos. of cuttings required for planting one hectare area.[5]

Season to grow

It prefers part to full sun and It prefers Summer season.[6]

Required Ecosystem/Climate

It is found at altitudes up to 1300 m. Near-neutral, clayey loam to clayey soils are best suited for the growth of Bacopa monnieri. In North India, it can grow in a wide range of temperatures (15–40 oC) and soil pH (5–7.5).

Kind of soil needed

The plant occurs in a variety of soil types if the habitat provides wet and semi-shade conditions.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Moist and wet places, Irrigated fields, Borders of water, Bank of channels.

Photo Gallery

  • Field

  • Flower

  • Stem

  • Whole herb

  • Leaves

  • Stem

  • Leaves

References

  1. ↑ Morphology
  2. ↑ Common names
  3. ↑ Brahmi Herbal Medicine
  4. ↑ "Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.428, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  5. ↑ Cultivation details
  6. ↑ Bacopa monnier on vikaspedia.in

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Bacopa_monnieri_-_Brahmi&oldid=57457"