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Difference between revisions of "Acacia concinna - Bahuphenarasa"

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{{stub}}
 
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[[File:Bahuphenarasa.png|thumb|right|''Acacia concinna'', ''Bahuphenarasa'']]
 
 
[[File:Acacia concinna.jpg|thumb|right|''Acacia concinna'', "Shikakai"]]
 
[[File:Acacia concinna.jpg|thumb|right|''Acacia concinna'', "Shikakai"]]
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[[File:Acacia sinuata 02.JPG|thumb|right|Acacia sinuata]]
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'''Bahuphenarasa''' is a climbing shrub native to Asia, common in the warm plains of central and south India. It's fruit is known as shikakai in India. It is one of the good herbal remedies for hair.
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Bahuphenarasa<ref name="flower" /> is a climbing shrub native to Asia, common in the warm plains of central and south India. It is commonly called as shikakai, Acacia hooperiana, Mimosa concinna,<ref name="herbalpathy" /> etc. It's fruit is know as shikakai in India and ಸಿಗೆಕಾಯಿ in kannada. It is one of the good herbal remedy for hair.
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Black fever}}, {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|skin diseases.}}
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{{Uses|Black fever}}, {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Chronic cough}}, {{Uses|Asthmetic obstruction}}, {{Uses|Jaundice}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone
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In commercial extracts, when the plant is hydrolyzed it yields lupeol, spinasterol, acacic acid, lactone, and the natural sugars glucose, arabinose and rhamnose. It also contains hexacosanol, spinasterone, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, ascorbic acid, and the alkaloids calyctomine and nicotine.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/>
 
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Sheegae, Shige kayi, Sigeballi|ml=Cheeyakayi, Chinik-kaya, Shikai, Cheenikka|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=Shika, Sheekay, Chikaikkai|te=Cheekaya, Chikaya, Gogu|hi=Kochi, Reetha|en=Avaram senna}}
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{{Common names|kn=Sige kayi, Sigeballi|ml=Cheeyakayi, Chinik-kaya, Shikai, Cheenikka|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=Shika, Sheekay, Chikaikkai|te=Cheekaya, Chikaya, Gogu|hi=Kochi, Reetha|en=Shikakai, Soap-pod }}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
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==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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{{Habit|climbing shrub}}
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{{Habit|A large prickly climbing shrub}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|alternate|stipulate|The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Bipinnate|Oblong|Pinnae 4-7 pairs, 4cm long; 20-25 pairs, 8 x 1.7mm}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|1cm across|Cream or white|Many|Flower buds are purple or dark red, Plants flower January through April}}<ref name="Flower"/>
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}}
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{{Fruit|A stout pod|15 x 2.5cm|Fruit are on trees from February to March|The seedpods are widely used as a soap substitute in India|10-14 seeds}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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[[Suriya Gold]]
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Acacia concinna can be grown from seeds. The seedlings can be transplanted.  
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Seeds are pretreated by soaking in cold water overnight then sowed in polybag or beds.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical dry forests}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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Image:Acacia concinna.jpg|Flower
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Gardenology.org-IMG 7787 qsbg11mar.jpg|Whole herb
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Image:Acacia concinna Blanco2.374.png|Leaves
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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File:Acacia sinuata 02.JPG|Buds
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File:Acacia concinna (5505602571).jpg|Pods
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File:Acacia concinna (5595237947).jpg|Leaves
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File:Acacia concinna of Tamilnadu.jpg|Dried pods
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia_concinna Wikipedea]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://florakarnataka.ces.iisc.ac.in/hjcb2/herbsheet.php?id=1850&cat=1 Herbarium JCB]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/forestry/forestry_nursery_acacia_concinna.ht Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Flower">[http://florakarnataka.ces.iisc.ac.in/hjcb2/herbsheet.php?id=1850&cat=1 Herbarium JCB]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.704, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://www.deewal.com/Acacia_concinna.aspx Acacia concinna on deewal.com]
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* [https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/shikakai-acacia-sinuata-herb-13208553791.html Acacia concinna on indiamart.com]
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* [https://www.ebay.in/itm/50-Seeds-of-Acacia-concinna-Tree-Shikakai-fruit-for-hair-traditional-shampoo-/142659763366?_trksid=p2059707.m48543.l9013 Acacia concinna on ebay.in]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Climber]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Fabaceae]]

Latest revision as of 12:40, 18 July 2023

Acacia concinna, "Shikakai"

Bahuphenarasa is a climbing shrub native to Asia, common in the warm plains of central and south India. It's fruit is known as shikakai in India. It is one of the good herbal remedies for hair.

Uses

Black fever, Malaria, Diabetes, Chronic cough, Asthmetic obstruction, Jaundice[1]

Parts Used

Fruits, Bark, Leaves[1]

Chemical Composition

In commercial extracts, when the plant is hydrolyzed it yields lupeol, spinasterol, acacic acid, lactone, and the natural sugars glucose, arabinose and rhamnose. It also contains hexacosanol, spinasterone, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, ascorbic acid, and the alkaloids calyctomine and nicotine.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Sige kayi, Sigeballi
Hindi Kochi, Reetha
Malayalam Cheeyakayi, Chinik-kaya, Shikai, Cheenikka
Tamil Shika, Sheekay, Chikaikkai
Telugu Cheekaya, Chikaya, Gogu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Aaavartaki
English Shikakai, Soap-pod

[1]

Habit

A large prickly climbing shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Bipinnate Oblong Pinnae 4-7 pairs, 4cm long; 20-25 pairs, 8 x 1.7mm

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 1cm across Cream or white Many Flower buds are purple or dark red, Plants flower January through April

[4]

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A stout pod 15 x 2.5cm Fruit are on trees from February to March The seedpods are widely used as a soap substitute in India 10-14 seeds {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Suriya Gold

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Acacia concinna can be grown from seeds. The seedlings can be transplanted. Seeds are pretreated by soaking in cold water overnight then sowed in polybag or beds.[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical dry forests.

Photo Gallery

  • Flower

  • Whole herb

  • Leaves

  • Buds

  • Pods

  • Leaves

  • Dried pods

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.704, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ Wikipedea
  3. ↑ Herbarium JCB
  4. ↑ Herbarium JCB
  5. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Acacia_concinna_-_Bahuphenarasa&oldid=57857"