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Difference between revisions of "Cucumis sativus - Cucumber, Kantakilata"

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[[File:ARS cucumber.jpg|thumb|right|''Cucumber'', ''Cucumis sativus'']]
 
[[File:ARS cucumber.jpg|thumb|right|''Cucumber'', ''Cucumis sativus'']]
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The '''cucumber''' is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae. It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables. There are three main varieties of cucumber: slicing, pickling, and seedless.
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The '''cucumber''' (Cucumis sativus), or less formally cuke, is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables. There are three main varieties of cucumber: slicing, pickling, and seedless.
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
 
{{Uses|Relieves thirst}}, {{Uses|Relieves burning micturition}}, {{Uses|Insomnia}}, {{Uses|Urinary tract infection}}, {{Uses|Bleeding disorders}}
 
{{Uses|Relieves thirst}}, {{Uses|Relieves burning micturition}}, {{Uses|Insomnia}}, {{Uses|Urinary tract infection}}, {{Uses|Bleeding disorders}}
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==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruit}}, {{Parts Used|Seed}}
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{{Parts Used|Fruit}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Cucumber contains rutin; seeds glucosides including cucurbitaside; leaves free cucurbitasides B & C, ferredoxin, alpha-spinasterol.<ref name="Chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=southe kaayi|ml=kakkari, mullanvellari, vellari|sa=bahuphala, kandalu, kantakilata, kantakiphala, sudhavasa, trapusha|ta=mullan vellari, mullanvellari, mulluvellari,  vellari, vellari-k-kay|te=dosa kaya, ujakaayipa|hi=kakree, khira|en=Cucumber}}
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{{Common names|kn=Southe kaayi|ml=Kakkari, Mullanvellari, Vellari|sa=Bahuphala, Kandalu, Kantakilata, Kantakiphala, Sudhavasa, Trapusha|ta=Mullan vellari, Mullanvellari, Mulluvellari,  Vellari, Vellari-k-kay|te=Dosa kaya, Ujakaayipa|hi=Kakree, Khira|en=Cucumber}}
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Tendrils simple, Leaves 10-16 cm long and broad, broadly orbicular or ovate-cordate, entire or palmately 5-lobed, margin bi-denticulate; petiole to 15 cm long. }}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Tendrils simple, Leaves 10-16 cm long and broad, broadly orbicular or ovate-cordate, entire or palmately 5-lobed, margin bi-denticulate.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|Axillary|Yellow|3|Male flowers 3-4, in axilliary fascicles. Calyx 8-10 mm long, companulate, densely villous, lobes subulate. Corolla yellow, 2-3 cm long; lobes acute. Stamens 3; filaments reduced; anthers 3-4 mm long, flexuous; pistillode globose.  Female flowers solitary.  Ovary ellipsoid, tubercled, densely pubscent; style to 3 mm long.  }}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|Axillary|Yellow|3|Male flowers 3-4, in axilliary fascicles. Calyx 8-10 mm long, companulate, densely villous, lobes subulate.}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Oblong||yellowish green. Seeds 8-10 x 3-5 mm, oblong.||}}
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{{Fruit|Oblong||Yellowish green. Seeds 8-10 x 3-5 mm, oblong||}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Sukhaprasava ghrita]]
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* [[Ashmarihara kashaya]]
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* [[Dadhika ghrita]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Seed - sow early to mid spring in a rich soil. Germination should take place within 2 weeks<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
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===Season to grow===
 
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===Soil type===
 
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===Propagation===
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/08/24/cucumber-cucumis-sativus-benefits-ayurvedic-side-effects/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cucumis+sativus Cultivation details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Cucumis+sativus]  
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Cucumis+sativus Cucumis sativus on theferns.info]  
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* [https://aryanveda.in/kheera-cucumis-sativus/]
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* [https://aryanveda.in/kheera-cucumis-sativus/ Cucumis sativus on aryanveda.in]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Climber]]
 
[[Category:Climber]]
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[[Category:Cucurbitaceae]]

Latest revision as of 18:03, 20 April 2020

Cucumber, Cucumis sativus

The cucumber is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae. It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables. There are three main varieties of cucumber: slicing, pickling, and seedless.

Uses

Parts Used

Chemical Composition

Cucumber contains rutin; seeds glucosides including cucurbitaside; leaves free cucurbitasides B & C, ferredoxin, alpha-spinasterol.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Southe kaayi
Hindi Kakree, Khira
Malayalam Kakkari, Mullanvellari, Vellari
Tamil Mullan vellari, Mullanvellari, Mulluvellari, Vellari, Vellari-k-kay
Telugu Dosa kaya, Ujakaayipa
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Bahuphala, Kandalu, Kantakilata, Kantakiphala, Sudhavasa, Trapusha
English Cucumber

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Madhura (Sweet)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Rooksha (Dry)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Pitta

Prabhava

Habit

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Tendrils simple, Leaves 10-16 cm long and broad, broadly orbicular or ovate-cordate, entire or palmately 5-lobed, margin bi-denticulate.

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual Axillary Yellow 3 Male flowers 3-4, in axilliary fascicles. Calyx 8-10 mm long, companulate, densely villous, lobes subulate.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Oblong Yellowish green. Seeds 8-10 x 3-5 mm, oblong {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

How to plant/cultivate

Seed - sow early to mid spring in a rich soil. Germination should take place within 2 weeks[6]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Leaves

  • Female flower

  • Male flower

  • Fruit

  • Fruit

  • Seeds

References

External Links

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