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[[File:Jatropha curcas1 henning.jpg|thumb|right|''Darvanti'', ''Jatropha curcas'']]
 
[[File:Jatropha curcas1 henning.jpg|thumb|right|''Darvanti'', ''Jatropha curcas'']]
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'''Darvanti''' is a species of [[Flowering plant]] in the spurge family. It is native to the American tropics, most likely Mexico and Central America. It is also known as '''Jatropha curcas, Barbados nut, purging nut, physic nut''' etc.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Ulcer}}, {{Uses|Tumour}}, {{Uses|Scabies}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Haemorrhoid}}, {{Uses|Splenomegaly}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Rheumatism}}, {{Uses|Paralysis}}, {{Uses|Warts}}, {{Uses|Scabies}}, {{Uses|Eczema}}, {{Uses|Ringworm}}, {{Uses|Piles}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Toothache}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
  
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'''Darvanti''' is a species of [[Flowering plant]] in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to the American tropics, most likely Mexico and Central America. It is also known as '''Jatropha curcas, Barbados nut, purging nut, physic nut''', or '''JCL, Kananeranda, Jamal ghota''',<ref name="common names"/> etc
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Shoots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Plant oil}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
  
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== Description ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Leaves had lesser concentration of chemicals where were 1.99 % N, 0.14 % P, 1.08% K, 2.95% total carbohydrates, 12.46% protein, 2.47 mg.g-1 total chlorophyll, 0.40 mg.g-1 carotenoids, amino acids <ref name="chemical composition"/>
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J. curcas is a poisonous, semi-evergreen shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 6 m (20 ft). It is resistant to a high degree of aridity, allowing it to be grown in deserts.<ref name="des"/>
 
  
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The seeds contain 27-40% oil (average: 34.4%) that can be processed to produce a high-quality biodiesel fuel, usable in a standard diesel engine. The seeds are also a source of the highly poisonous toxalbumin curcin or jatrophin.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Beli oudala, Bettda haralu|ml=Kattamank, Katalavanakku|sa=Darvanti, Kaanana Eranda|ta=Karuvelai|te=Nepalam, Adavi|hi=Jamal ghota|en=Physic Nut, Jatropha}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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Physic nut is a perennial poisonous shrub, up to 5 m high. It is an uncultivated non-food wild-species. The plant, originating in Central America, whereas it has been spread to other tropical and subtropical countries as well and is mainly grown in Asia and in Africa. <ref name="common names"/>
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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== Uses ==
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===Rasa===
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*When jatropha seeds are crushed, the resulting jatropha oil can be processed to produce a high-quality biofuel or biodiesel that can be used in a standard diesel car or further processed into jet fuel, while the residue (press cake) can also be used as biomass feedstock to power electricity plants, used as fertilizer (it contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), or as animal fodder. The cake can also be used as feed in digesters and gasifiers to produce biogas.
 
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*Jatropha can also be intercropped with other cash crops such as coffee, sugar, fruits and vegetables.
 
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*Their ashes are used as a salt substitute. HCN and rotenone are present.
 
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*It's shrub are used for erosion control.
 
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*Paste of dravanti, applied on wounds to clean to promote quick healing.
 
  
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==Common name==
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===Guna===
  
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* '''English''' Physic Nut
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===Veerya===
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* '''Kannada''' - ಕನನೆರಂದ
 
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* '''Hindi''' - जमाल घोटा
 
  
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== References ==
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===Vipaka===
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<references>
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===Karma===
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<ref name="common names">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Physic%20Nut.html "Flowers of India]</ref>
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<ref name="des">[http://www.new-ag.info/en/focus/focusItem.php?a=116 "Jatropha"]</ref>
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===Prabhava===
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</references>
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Small tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Alternate|Subopposite|The leaves have significant variability in their morphology. In general, the leaves are green to pale green, alternate to subopposite, and three- to five-lobed with a spiral phyllotaxis}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Bisexual|2.5 cm long|Bright yellow|5 petals|10 male flowers to each female flower.[18] The inflorescence can be formed in the leaf axil. Flowering from April to May}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Lomentum||Fruits are produced in winter, or there may be several crops during the year if soil moisture is good and temperatures are sufficiently high|12-20 seeds||Fruiting From April to May}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Stem cuttings}}
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Cultivation is uncomplicated. Both seeds and cuttings will work. Jatropha curcas grows in tropical and subtropical regions.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Wild forest area}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry arid area}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Flowering biodiesel plant (Jatropha curcas) (4325262396).jpg|Flowers
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File:Jatropha curcas - at Chooliyad 2014 (2).jpg|Leaves
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File:Jatropha curcas - at Chooliyad 2014 (3).jpg|Fruits
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File:Starr-100113-1226-Jatropha curcas-seed capsule and seeds in hand-Waihee-Maui (24639116969).jpg|Seeds
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</gallery>
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==References==
  
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== External Links ==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258697217_Chemical_composition_and_nutritional_value_of_jatropha_Jatropha_curcas_L_leaves Nutritional value]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatropha_curcas Botanical features]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Jatropha+curcas Cultivation Details]</ref>
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatropha_curcas Jatropha curcas-Wikipedia]
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.539, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
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</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Physic%20Nut.html Jatropha curcas on flowers of india]
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* [http://www.new-ag.info/en/focus/focusItem.php?a=116 Jatropha: creating desert solutions]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814605001603 Chemical composition, toxic/antimetabolic constituents, and effects of different treatments on their levels]
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* [http://www.jatrophabiodiesel.org/aboutJatrophaPlant.php Jatropha curcas on global authority on nonfood biodiesel crop]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Euphorbiaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:48, 11 January 2022

Darvanti, Jatropha curcas

Darvanti is a species of Flowering plant in the spurge family. It is native to the American tropics, most likely Mexico and Central America. It is also known as Jatropha curcas, Barbados nut, purging nut, physic nut etc.

Uses

Ulcer, Tumour, Scabies, Wounds, Haemorrhoid, Splenomegaly, Skin diseases, Rheumatism, Paralysis, Warts, Scabies, Eczema, Ringworm, Piles, Wounds, Toothache[1].

Parts Used

Shoots, Leaf, Stem, Plant oil[1].

Chemical Composition

Leaves had lesser concentration of chemicals where were 1.99 % N, 0.14 % P, 1.08% K, 2.95% total carbohydrates, 12.46% protein, 2.47 mg.g-1 total chlorophyll, 0.40 mg.g-1 carotenoids, amino acids [2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Beli oudala, Bettda haralu
Hindi Jamal ghota
Malayalam Kattamank, Katalavanakku
Tamil Karuvelai
Telugu Nepalam, Adavi
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Darvanti, Kaanana Eranda
English Physic Nut, Jatropha

[1]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Small tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Alternate Subopposite The leaves have significant variability in their morphology. In general, the leaves are green to pale green, alternate to subopposite, and three- to five-lobed with a spiral phyllotaxis

.[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 2.5 cm long Bright yellow 5 petals 10 male flowers to each female flower.[18] The inflorescence can be formed in the leaf axil. Flowering from April to May

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Lomentum Fruits are produced in winter, or there may be several crops during the year if soil moisture is good and temperatures are sufficiently high 12-20 seeds Fruiting From April to May

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Stem cuttings

How to plant/cultivate

Cultivation is uncomplicated. Both seeds and cuttings will work. Jatropha curcas grows in tropical and subtropical regions.[4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Wild forest area, Dry arid area.

Photo Gallery

  • Flowers

  • Leaves

  • Fruits

  • Seeds

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.539, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  2. ↑ Nutritional value
  3. ↑ Botanical features
  4. ↑ Cultivation Details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Jatropha_curcas_-_Darvanti&oldid=56397"