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Difference between revisions of "Xanthium strumarium"
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| − | + | [[File:Alm10XanthiumStrumarium.jpg|thumb|right]] | |
| + | '''Xanthium strumarium''' is an annual plant that can grow up to 0.75 metres tall. | ||
| + | It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials. | ||
==Uses== | ==Uses== | ||
| − | {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}.<ref name="Uses"/> | + | {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Rheumatism}}, {{Uses|Tuberculosis}}, {{Uses|Allergic rhinitis}}, {{Uses|Sinusitis}}, {{Uses|Catarrh}}, {{Uses|Rheumatoid arthritis}}, {{Uses|Constipation}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Lumbago}}, {{Uses|Leprosy}}.<ref name="Uses"/> |
==Parts Used== | ==Parts Used== | ||
| − | {{Parts Used|}}, {{Parts Used| | + | {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Young plants}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}. |
==Chemical Composition== | ==Chemical Composition== | ||
| − | <ref name="chemical composition"/> | + | The main components of the oil were β-caryophyllene (17.53%), α-cadinol (6.66%), spathulenol (6.09%), limonene (5.66%) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2[2-nitroallyl]benzene (3.29%) etc.<ref name="chemical composition"/> |
==Common names== | ==Common names== | ||
| − | {{Common names|sa=|en=|gu=|hi=|kn=|ks=|ml=|mr=|pa=|ta=|te=}} | + | {{Common names|sa=Arishta|en=Common Cocklebur, Broad bur|gu=Godrian|hi=Chota dhatura|kn=ಮರುಳೂಮ್ಮತ್ತಿ Maruluummatti|ks=|ml=|mr=Ghagara|pa=|ta=Marul-umattai|te=Marulutige}}<ref name="Common names"/> |
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
| Line 16: | Line 18: | ||
===Dravya=== | ===Dravya=== | ||
===Rasa=== | ===Rasa=== | ||
| − | |||
===Guna=== | ===Guna=== | ||
| Line 29: | Line 30: | ||
==Habit== | ==Habit== | ||
| − | {{Habit|}} | + | {{Habit|Annual}} |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
===Leaf=== | ===Leaf=== | ||
| − | {{Leaf|||}}<ref name="Leaf"/> | + | {{Leaf|Large and broad leaves|Light and bright green in colour in an alternate pattern with irregular lobes|}}<ref name="Leaf"/> |
===Flower=== | ===Flower=== | ||
| − | {{Flower||||}} | + | {{Flower|Numerous||White or green|Male uppermost, Female ovoid, Covered with hooked bristles, Flowering season is August-September}} |
===Fruit=== | ===Fruit=== | ||
| − | {{Fruit||||||}} | + | {{Fruit|Obovoid|||||Enclosed in the hardened involucre with 2 hooles beaks and hooked bristle, Fruiting season is August-September}} |
===Other features=== | ===Other features=== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 49: | ||
==Mode of Propagation== | ==Mode of Propagation== | ||
| − | {{Propagation|}} | + | {{Propagation|Seeds}} |
==How to plant/cultivate== | ==How to plant/cultivate== | ||
| − | <ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> | + | Requires a sunny position, succeeding in most soils. Prefers a poor dry soil.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> |
==Commonly seen growing in areas== | ==Commonly seen growing in areas== | ||
| − | {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen| | + | {{Commonly seen|River banks}}, {{Commonly seen|Lake shores}}, {{Commonly seen|Cultivated ground}}. |
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px"> | <gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px"> | ||
| − | + | 2014 Vexetación na praia do Muíño. Galiza-8.jpg | |
| + | Alm10XanthiumStrumarium.jpg | ||
| + | Arishta (Sanskrit- अरिष्ट) (2958244913).jpg | ||
| + | Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10240 8235.jpg | ||
| + | Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10243 8235.jpg | ||
| + | Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10244 8235.jpg | ||
| + | Atlas roslin pl Rzepień pospolity 10245 8235.jpg | ||
| + | Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur at Siliguri during LGFC - Bhutan 2019 (21).jpg | ||
| + | Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur fruits at Iritty (1).jpg | ||
| + | Xanthium strumarium - Common Cocklebur at Siliguri during LGFC - Bhutan 2019 (4).jpg | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| Line 64: | Line 74: | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
| − | <ref name="chemical composition">[ | + | <ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ijpsonline.com/articles/chemical-composition-and-antifungal-activity-of-essential-oil-from-xanthium-strumarium-l-leaves.html#:~:text=The%20hydrodistilled%20essential%20oil%20from%20Xanthium%20strumarium%20L.&text=strumarium%20oil.,nitroallyl%5Dbenzene%20(3.29%25). Chemical constituents]</ref> |
| − | <ref name="Leaf"> | + | <ref name="Leaf">Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 396 |
| + | </ref> | ||
| + | <ref name="Common names">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Common%20Cocklebur.html Common names]</ref> | ||
| − | <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ | + | <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://temperate.theferns.info/plant/Xanthium+strumarium Cultivation]</ref> |
<ref name="Uses">Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare</ref> | <ref name="Uses">Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare</ref> | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | * [ ] | + | * [https://wiki.bugwood.org/Xanthium_strumarium Xanthium strumarium on bugwood.org] |
| − | * [ ] | + | * [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/56864 Xanthium strumarium on cabi.org] |
| − | + | ||
[[Category:Herbs]] | [[Category:Herbs]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:36, 20 May 2021
Xanthium strumarium is an annual plant that can grow up to 0.75 metres tall. It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials.
Contents
- 1 Uses
- 2 Parts Used
- 3 Chemical Composition
- 4 Common names
- 5 Properties
- 6 Habit
- 7 Identification
- 8 List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used
- 9 Where to get the saplings
- 10 Mode of Propagation
- 11 How to plant/cultivate
- 12 Commonly seen growing in areas
- 13 Photo Gallery
- 14 References
- 15 External Links
Uses
Malaria, Rheumatism, Tuberculosis, Allergic rhinitis, Sinusitis, Catarrh, Rheumatoid arthritis, Constipation, Diarrhoea, Lumbago, Leprosy.[1]
Parts Used
Chemical Composition
The main components of the oil were β-caryophyllene (17.53%), α-cadinol (6.66%), spathulenol (6.09%), limonene (5.66%) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2[2-nitroallyl]benzene (3.29%) etc.[2]
Common names
| Language | Common name |
|---|---|
| Kannada | ಮರುಳೂಮ್ಮತ್ತಿ Maruluummatti |
| Hindi | Chota dhatura |
| Malayalam | |
| Tamil | Marul-umattai |
| Telugu | Marulutige |
| Marathi | Ghagara |
| Gujarathi | Godrian |
| Punjabi | |
| Kashmiri | |
| Sanskrit | Arishta |
| English | Common Cocklebur, Broad bur |
Properties
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
Dravya
Rasa
Guna
Veerya
Vipaka
Karma
Prabhava
Habit
Identification
Leaf
| Kind | Shape | Feature |
|---|---|---|
| Large and broad leaves | Light and bright green in colour in an alternate pattern with irregular lobes |
Flower
| Type | Size | Color and composition | Stamen | More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numerous | White or green | Male uppermost, Female ovoid, Covered with hooked bristles, Flowering season is August-September | {{{5}}} |
Fruit
| Type | Size | Mass | Appearance | Seeds | More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obovoid | Enclosed in the hardened involucre with 2 hooles beaks and hooked bristle, Fruiting season is August-September |
Other features
List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used
Where to get the saplings
Mode of Propagation
How to plant/cultivate
Requires a sunny position, succeeding in most soils. Prefers a poor dry soil.[5]
Commonly seen growing in areas
River banks, Lake shores, Cultivated ground.
Photo Gallery
_(2958244913).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
References
- ↑ Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare
- ↑ Chemical constituents
- ↑ Common names
- ↑ Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 396
- ↑ Cultivation
External Links
Categories:
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Malaria
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Rheumatism
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Tuberculosis
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Allergic rhinitis
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Sinusitis
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Catarrh
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Constipation
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Diarrhoea
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Lumbago
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat Leprosy
- Herbs with Leaves used in medicine
- Herbs with Young plants used in medicine
- Herbs with Seeds used in medicine
- Herbs with common name in Kannada
- Herbs with common name in Hindi
- Herbs with common name in Tamil
- Herbs with common name in Telugu
- Herbs with common name in Marathi
- Herbs with common name in Gujarathi
- Herbs with common name in Sanskrit
- Herbs with common name in English
- Habit - Annual
- Index of Plants which can be propagated by Seeds
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of River banks
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of Lake shores
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of Cultivated ground
- Herbs
