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Difference between revisions of "Momordica charantia - Karavellaka, Karabellam"

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[[File:Taiwan 2009 Tainan City Organic Farm Bitter Gourd FRD 7956.jpg|thumb|right|''Momordica charantia'', ''Bitter gourd'']]
 
[[File:Taiwan 2009 Tainan City Organic Farm Bitter Gourd FRD 7956.jpg|thumb|right|''Momordica charantia'', ''Bitter gourd'']]
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'''Bitter gourd''' , known as '''bitter melon, Momordica charantia, bitter squash, or balsam-pear''', has names in other languages which have entered English as loanwords, e.g. goya from Okinawan and '''karela''' from Sanskrit. Those from the Caribbean island of Jamaica commonly refer to the plant as '''cerasee'''.
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'''Momordica charantia ''' is a very vigorous, annual climbing plant. It produces stems up to 5 metres long. This plant is climb up into the surrounding vegetation, supporting itself by means of tendrils.
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Lowers fevers}}, {{Uses|Colitis}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Malignant ulcers}}, {{Uses|Stomach worms}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Phlegm}}, {{Uses|Hypertension}}
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{{Uses|Colitis}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Malignant ulcers}}, {{Uses|Stomach worms}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Phlegm}}, {{Uses|Hypertension}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Amino acids, glutamic acid, lactamic acid, beta-lactamic acid, phenylalanine, proline, alpha-aminobutyric acid, citrulline, galacturonic acid<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Amino acids, Glutamic acid, Lactamic acid, Beta-lactamic acid, Phenylalanine, Proline, Alpha-Aminobutyric acid, Citrulline, Galacturonic acid.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=haagalakaay|ml=|sa=kaarvellakah|ta=iraca-valli|te=kakara|hi=Karela, kathilla|en=Agrimony}}
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{{Common names|kn=Haagalakaayi|ml=|sa=Kaarvellakah|ta=Iraca-valli|te=Kakara|hi=Kathilla|en=Bitter gourd}}
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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{{Habit|Annual climbing plant}}
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{{Habit|Climber}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|general|100–200 mm|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|the fruit is fleshy|many}}
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{{Fruit|General|100–200 mm|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|The fruit is fleshy|Many}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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* [[Brihat Sarwa Jawarahara Lauh]]
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* [[Aragwadadi kashaya]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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The plant is best adapted to hot humid areas of the tropics and subtropics, though it can be grown in a wide range of climates right into the temperate zone so long as there is a sufficient growing season<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Seed - sow in situ. Seedlings emerge 5 - 7 days after sowing, but fresh seed often shows dormancy which is very hard to break and can last for some months.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Coastal thickets}}, {{Commonly seen|Along creeks and streams}}, {{Commonly seen|Lowland forest margins}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Coastal thickets}}, {{Commonly seen|Along streams}}, {{Commonly seen|Along creeks}}, {{Commonly seen|Lowland forest margins}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.mdidea.com/products/herbextract/bittermelon/data03.html "Phytochemicals"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.mdidea.com/products/herbextract/bittermelon/data03.html Phytochemicals]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/momordica/charantia/ Charecteristics]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/09/20/bitter-gourd-karela-benefits-remedies-research-side-effects/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
  
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/momordica/charantia/ "charecteristics"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Momordica+charantia Cultivation Details]</ref>
  
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Momordica+charantia "Cultivation Details"]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:341</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20055177 Chemical constituents of Momordica charantia L]  
 
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20055177 Chemical constituents of Momordica charantia L]  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Cucurbitaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:38, 2 December 2020

Momordica charantia, Bitter gourd

Momordica charantia is a very vigorous, annual climbing plant. It produces stems up to 5 metres long. This plant is climb up into the surrounding vegetation, supporting itself by means of tendrils.

Uses

Colitis, Dysentery, Diabetes, Malignant ulcers, Stomach worms, Fever, Phlegm, Hypertension.[1]

Parts Used

Fruits.

Chemical Composition

Amino acids, Glutamic acid, Lactamic acid, Beta-lactamic acid, Phenylalanine, Proline, Alpha-Aminobutyric acid, Citrulline, Galacturonic acid.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Haagalakaayi
Hindi Kathilla
Malayalam
Tamil Iraca-valli
Telugu Kakara
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Kaarvellakah
English Bitter gourd


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Tikta (Bitter),

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Climber

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow, white 2-3 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 100–200 mm Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown The fruit is fleshy Many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[4]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Seed - sow in situ. Seedlings emerge 5 - 7 days after sowing, but fresh seed often shows dormancy which is very hard to break and can last for some months.[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Coastal thickets, Along streams, Along creeks, Lowland forest margins.

Photo Gallery

  • Plant

  • Leafbud

  • Leaves and Flower

  • Flowers

  • Female flower

  • Male flower

  • 2 days old fruit with flower

  • 3 days old fruit

  • 10 days old fruit

  • Immature fruit

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:341
  2. ↑ Phytochemicals
  3. ↑ Charecteristics
  4. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  5. ↑ Cultivation Details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Momordica_charantia_-_Karavellaka,_Karabellam&oldid=54040"