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Difference between revisions of "Actaea racemosa - Black cohosh"

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{{stub}}
 
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[[File:400px-Black cohosh 1.jpg|thumb|right|''Actaea racemosa inflorescence'', ''Black cohosh'']]
 
[[File:400px-Black cohosh 1.jpg|thumb|right|''Actaea racemosa inflorescence'', ''Black cohosh'']]
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'''Black Cohosh''' has been used by Native Americans for more than '''two hundred years''', after they discovered the root of the plant helped relieve '''menstrual cramps''' and '''symptoms of menopause'''.
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'''Black Cohosh''' ''Actaea racemosa '' has been used by Native Americans for more than two ''hundred years'', after they discovered the root of the plant helped relieve '''menstrual cramps''' and '''symptoms of menopause'''. These days it is still used for menopausal symptoms such as hot ''flashes/flushes'', ''irritability, mood swings'' and ''sleep disturbances''.
 
  
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|kidney issues}}, {{Uses|malaria}}, {{Uses|rheumatoid arthritis}}, {{Uses|joint inflammation}}, {{Uses|sore throat}}, {{Uses|helping with labor}}, {{Uses|menstrual cramps}}, {{Uses|menopause}}.
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{{Uses|Kidney problems}}, {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Rheumatoid arthritis}}, {{Uses|Joint inflammation}}, {{Uses|Sore throat}}, {{Uses|Menstrual cramps}}, {{Uses|Menopause}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Flower}}.
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{{Parts Used|Dried Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Flowers}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Analysis has shown a brown, resinous, acrid substance, insoluble in potassium hydroxide and probably containing pelletonin, two oils soluble in potassium hydroxide - one dark brown and acrid, the other yellow - tannin, gum, potassium sulphate and carbonate, potassium chloride, calcium phosphate and carbonate, silica, alumina, lignin, etc. An alkaloid, Pyrethrine, yielding pyrethric acid, is stated to be the active principle.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Black cohosh contains cimicifugin (macrotin) which has estrogenic effects.  Also found in assay are acetein (antihypertensive effects) and ferulic/isoferulic acids (anti-inflammatory effects).  The following components can also be found:  isoflavones, salicyclic acid, tannins, resins, starch, and sugars<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=Akkarakaaram|sa=Akarkarabh|ta=|te=|hi=Akarkara|en=Pellitory}}
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Black snake root, Bugbane}}
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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===Guna===
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Smooth|Alternate, Pinnate|The leaves are with deeply-cut segments}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|large|Alternate, Pinnate|The leaves are with deeply-cut segments}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
 
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Mediterranian}}, {{Commonly seen|Himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|Arabian countries}}.
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{{Commonly seen|At dry locations}}, {{Commonly seen|At hedges}}, {{Commonly seen|Forest clearings}}.
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.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Anacyclus pyrethrum depressus habitus1.jpg|Var. ''depressus''
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File:Cimicifuga racemosa 001.jpg|Whole herb
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File:Anacyclus pyrethrum depressus open.jpg|same plant, flower detail
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File:Cimicifuga racemosa 002.jpg|Leaves
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File:Anacyclus pyrethrum depressus closed.jpg|Var. ''depressus'', flowers closed
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File:Actaea racemosa 002.JPG|Stem
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File:Actaea racemosa 003.JPG|Flowers
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File:Actaea racemosa 001.JPG|Whole herb
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File:Actaea racemosa 004.JPG|Fruits
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File:Actaea racemosa 006.JPG|Fruits
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.dabur.com/in/en-us/about/science-of-ayurveda/herbal-medicinal-plants/akarkara-plant "dabur medicinal plants"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.chiro.org/nutrition/ABSTRACTS/What_is_Black_Cohosh.shtml Chemical Composition]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/medicinal-use-of-akarkara-spilanthes-acmella/1383/ "Bimbima"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/medicinal-use-of-akarkara-spilanthes-acmella/1383/ Plant Description]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actaea_racemosa "wikipedea"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actaea_racemosa Cultivation]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/black-cohosh#2 Black Cohosh: Uses, Benefits, and Side Effects]
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* [https://draxe.com/black-cohosh/ Relieve Menopause Symptoms & More with Black Cohosh]
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* [https://altnature.com/gallery/blackcohosh.htm Black Cohosh Herb Uses and Medicinal Properties]
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* [https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-857/black-cohosh Overview Information of racemosa inflorescence]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Ranunculaceae]]

Latest revision as of 11:12, 9 November 2020

Actaea racemosa inflorescence, Black cohosh

Black Cohosh has been used by Native Americans for more than two hundred years, after they discovered the root of the plant helped relieve menstrual cramps and symptoms of menopause.

Uses

Kidney problems, Malaria, Rheumatoid arthritis, Joint inflammation, Sore throat, Menstrual cramps, Menopause.

Parts Used

Dried Roots, Leaves, Flowers.

Chemical Composition

Black cohosh contains cimicifugin (macrotin) which has estrogenic effects. Also found in assay are acetein (antihypertensive effects) and ferulic/isoferulic acids (anti-inflammatory effects). The following components can also be found: isoflavones, salicyclic acid, tannins, resins, starch, and sugars[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Black snake root, Bugbane


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Procumbent herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
large Alternate, Pinnate The leaves are with deeply-cut segments

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 14-18cm long Yellow, Circular Each bears one large flower the disk being yellow and the rays white, tinged with purple beneath.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Syncarp (sorosis), subglobose or ellipsoid with long echinate processes, orange when ripe seeds many, ovoid. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Aracemosa grows in dependably moist, fairly heavy soil. It bears tall tapering racemes of white midsummer flowers on wiry black-purple stems, whose mildly unpleasant, medicinal smell at close range gives it the common name "Bugbane"[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

At dry locations, At hedges, Forest clearings. .

Photo Gallery

  • Whole herb

  • Leaves

  • Stem

  • Flowers

  • Whole herb

  • Fruits

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Chemical Composition
  2. ↑ Plant Description
  3. ↑ Cultivation

External Links

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