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Difference between revisions of "Datura metel - Dhatura"

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[[File:Brugmansia metel syn Datura.png|thumb|right|''Dhatura'', ''Datura metel'']]
 
[[File:Brugmansia metel syn Datura.png|thumb|right|''Dhatura'', ''Datura metel'']]
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'''Dhatura''' is a toxic shrub that can be found growing on roadsides and wastelands. Although toxic, thorn apple is a popular traditional medicine and is commonly harvested from the wild for local use. It is sold in markets, both for traditional use and as a source of compounds for the pharmaceutical industry. The plant is also used as a pesticide and repellent. It is often grown as an ornamental in tropical to temperate areas of the world, particularly types with double flowers and purple flowers.
 
  
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'''Dhatura''' is a toxic shrub that can be found growing on roadsides and wastelands. It is sold in markets, both for traditional use and as a source of compounds for the pharmaceutical industry. The plant is also used as a pesticide and repellent. It is often grown as an ornamental in tropical to temperate areas of the world, particularly types with double flowers and purple flowers. This tree is belongs to Solanaseae.<ref name="Plant family"/>
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Skin disorders}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|fever}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Wound healing}}
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{{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Skin disorders}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Wound healing}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
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<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Chemical investigation of an acidic methanol extract of the whole plant of Datura metel resulted in the isolation of seven compounds, including pterodontriol B (1), disciferitriol (2), scopolamine (3), adenosine (4), thymidine (5), ilekudinoside C (6), and dioscoroside D.<ref name="Chemical Composition"/>
  
 
==Common names, ==
 
==Common names, ==
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{{Common names|kn=Biliyummatta, Dathuri, Datthoora, Unmatta|ml=Mudela-nila-hummatu, ummattu|sa=Dhatura, Dhurta, Ghantapuspa, Shivapriya|ta=Unmattam, Vellaiyumattai, |te=Tella-ummetha, Duthooramu, Ummettha|hi=Dhattura, |en=Datura, Thorn apple}}
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{{Common names|kn=Biliyummatta, Dathuri, Datthoora, Unmatta|ml=Mudela-nila-hummatu, Ummattu|sa=Dhatura, Dhurta, Ghantapuspa, Shivapriya|ta=Unmattam, Vellaiyumattai|te=Tella-ummetha, Duthooramu, Ummettha|hi=Dhattura|en=Datura, Thorn apple}}
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Leaves entire or angled with acute lobes, c. 12 x 8 cm, ovate, base oblique, apex acute or acuminate; petiole to 6 cm long.  Flowers solitary in axil, erect; pedicels 1-1.5 cm long.  Calyx 6-8 cm long, tubular, 5-lobed, minutely pubescent}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Leaves entire or angled with acute lobes, c. 12 x 8 cm, ovate, base oblique, apex acute or acuminate; petiole to 6 cm long.  Flowers solitary in axil, erect; pedicels 1-1.5 cm long.  Calyx 6-8 cm long, tubular, 5-lobed, minutely pubescent}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Bisexual|axillary|Creamy white|5|Corolla creamy-white, c. 15 cm long, funnel-shaped; teeth 5, cuspidate.  Stamens 5, attached towards the base of corolla tube, included, subequal; filaments hairy at base}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|Axillary|Creamy white|5|Corolla creamy-white, c. 15 cm long, funnel-shaped; teeth 5, cuspidate.  Stamens 5, attached towards the base of corolla tube, included, subequal; filaments hairy at base}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|A capsule|3 cm|spherical, covered with short spines, dehiscence irregular.| Seeds compressed, c. 5 mm long, smooth, brown.|}}
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{{Fruit|A capsule|3 cm|Spherical, covered with short spines, dehiscence irregular.|Seeds compressed, c. 5 mm long, smooth, brown.|}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Dhurdhurapatradi taila]]
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* [[Vishagarbha taila]]
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* [[Kanakavasa]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
  
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Prefers a rich light sandy soil and an open sunny position[200]. Grows best in a fertile calcareous soil. This species is extremely susceptible to the various viruses that afflict the potato family (Solanaceae), it can act as a centre of infection so should not be grown near potatoes or tomatoes. Can be grown from seed.
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===Season to grow===
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<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
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−
===Soil type===
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
===Propagation===
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
 
<ref name="Uses">[https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/dhattura-datura-metel Uses]</ref>
 
<ref name="Uses">[https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/dhattura-datura-metel Uses]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2014/07/01/dhattura-datura-metel/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Datura+metel Cultivation details]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/ BOTANIC DESCRIPTION]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/ BOTANIC DESCRIPTION]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
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<ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:77</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical Composition">[http://vjs.ac.vn/index.php/vjchem/article/view/2525-2321.2017-00442#:~:text=Chemical%20investigation%20of%20an%20acidic,and%20dioscoroside%20D%20(7). Chemical constituents]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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[[Category:Shrub]]
 
[[Category:Shrub]]
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Solanaceae]]

Latest revision as of 13:10, 15 October 2020

Dhatura, Datura metel

Dhatura is a toxic shrub that can be found growing on roadsides and wastelands. It is sold in markets, both for traditional use and as a source of compounds for the pharmaceutical industry. The plant is also used as a pesticide and repellent. It is often grown as an ornamental in tropical to temperate areas of the world, particularly types with double flowers and purple flowers. This tree is belongs to Solanaseae.[1]

Uses

Inflammation, Skin disorders, Asthma, Fever, Arthritis, Wound healing.[2]

Parts Used

Root, Leaves, Flower, Seeds

Chemical Composition

Chemical investigation of an acidic methanol extract of the whole plant of Datura metel resulted in the isolation of seven compounds, including pterodontriol B (1), disciferitriol (2), scopolamine (3), adenosine (4), thymidine (5), ilekudinoside C (6), and dioscoroside D.[3]

Common names,

Language Common name
Kannada Biliyummatta, Dathuri, Datthoora, Unmatta
Hindi Dhattura
Malayalam Mudela-nila-hummatu, Ummattu
Tamil Unmattam, Vellaiyumattai
Telugu Tella-ummetha, Duthooramu, Ummettha
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Dhatura, Dhurta, Ghantapuspa, Shivapriya
English Datura, Thorn apple

[4]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Laghu (Light). Rooksha (Dry)

Guna

Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Leaves entire or angled with acute lobes, c. 12 x 8 cm, ovate, base oblique, apex acute or acuminate; petiole to 6 cm long. Flowers solitary in axil, erect; pedicels 1-1.5 cm long. Calyx 6-8 cm long, tubular, 5-lobed, minutely pubescent

[5]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual Axillary Creamy white 5 Corolla creamy-white, c. 15 cm long, funnel-shaped; teeth 5, cuspidate. Stamens 5, attached towards the base of corolla tube, included, subequal; filaments hairy at base

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A capsule 3 cm Spherical, covered with short spines, dehiscence irregular. Seeds compressed, c. 5 mm long, smooth, brown. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[6]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Prefers a rich light sandy soil and an open sunny position[200]. Grows best in a fertile calcareous soil. This species is extremely susceptible to the various viruses that afflict the potato family (Solanaceae), it can act as a centre of infection so should not be grown near potatoes or tomatoes. Can be grown from seed. [7]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Sub tropical area

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Bud

  • Datura metel.jpg

  • Flower

  • Buds

  • Leaves

  • 'Double Blackcurrant Swirl'

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:77
  2. ↑ Uses
  3. ↑ Chemical constituents
  4. ↑ Vernacular names
  5. ↑ BOTANIC DESCRIPTION
  6. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  7. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Datura_metel_-_Dhatura&oldid=52966"