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Difference between revisions of "Commiphora molmol - Mahisaksa"

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[[File:Commiphora wightii 06.JPG|thumb|right|''Commiphora wightii'']]
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[[File:Commiphora myrrha - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-019.jpg|thumb|right|''Commiphora myrrha'']]
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'''Guggul plant''' is a flowering plant in the family Burseraceae. The guggul plant may be found from northern Africa to central Asia but it is most common in northern India. It prefers arid and semi-arid climates and is tolerant of poor soil.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Cold sores}}, {{Uses|Canker sores}}, {{Uses|Candida}}, {{Uses|Fungal infections}}, {{Uses|Cholesterol}}, {{Uses|Oral inflammation}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Rubber sap}}, {{Parts Used|Resin}}.
  
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==Chemical Composition==
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These constituents include triterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, and iridoids<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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Commiphora wightii, with common names Indian bdellium-tree, gugal, guggul, gugul, or Mukul myrrh tree, is a flowering plant in the family Burseraceae. The guggul plant may be found from northern Africa to central Asia, but is most common in northern India. It prefers arid and semi-arid climates and is tolerant of poor soil.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Kanthagana, Guggala|ml=Gulgulu, Guggulu|sa=Pura, Mahisaksa|ta=Mahisaksi Guggalu|te=Makishakshi guggulu|hi=Guggul|en=Gum-gugul, Indian Bdellium}}
  
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It is a shrub or small tree, reaching a maximum height of 4 m (13 ft), with thin papery bark. The branches are thorny. The leaves are simple or trifoliate, the leaflets ovate, 1–5 cm (0.39–1.97 in) long, 0.5–2.5 cm (0.20–0.98 in) broad, and irregularly toothed. It is gynodioecious, with some plants bearing bisexual and male flowers, and others with female flowers. The individual flowers are red to pink, with four small petals. The small round fruit are red when ripe.
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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===Rasa===
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Kashaya (Astringent), Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Heating)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Balya, Rasayana, Varnya, Vatabalasajit, Bhagnasandhanakrt, Medohara
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===Prabhava===
  
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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== raditional medicinal use[edit] ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Trifoliate|Chartaceous, greyish green or glaucous}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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Guggul has been a key component in ancient Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. However, because of its overuse, it has become so scarce in its two habitats in India — Gujarat and Rajasthan - that the World Conservation Union (IUCN) has enlisted it in its Red Data List of endangered species.
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|3-4 mm long|Yellow|5-10|Male flowers usually precocious, 2-4 in dichasial}}
  
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Ovoid|2-4 mm long|Fruits 1-2 on jointed stalks|Seed smooth with gentle swellings}}
  
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Chemical structure of guggulsterone, a constituent of gum guggul
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===Other features===
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The extract of gum guggul, called gugulipid, guggulipid, or guglipid, has been used in Unani and Ayurvedic medicine, for nearly 3,000 years in India.[4] One chemical ingredient in the extract is the steroid guggulsterone,[5] which acts as an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor, once believed to result in decreased cholesterol synthesis in the liver. However, several studies have been published that indicate no overall reduction in total cholesterol occurs using various dosages of guggulsterone and levels of low-density lipoprotein ("bad cholesterol") increased in many people.
 
  
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
  
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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The soil around existing plants is cultivated (by hand using a hoe, or by machine using a cultivator) to destroy weeds and promote growth by increasing soil aeration and water infiltration.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Eastern Mediterranean}}, {{Commonly seen|Arabian Peninsula}}, {{Commonly seen|Desert regions}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Commiphora-myrrha-resin-myrrh.jpg|Resin
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17256730 Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Commiphora_myrrha.PDF Botonical description]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.britannica.com/topic/cultivation Cultivation agriculture]</ref>
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</references>
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/eclipta-prostrata Mahisaksa on science direct]
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* [https://www.thebalancesmb.com/what-is-cultivation-2538230 Definition of Cultivation for Happy Plants and Healthy Soil]
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* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/myrrh-gum-herb.html Myrrh Herb – Health Benefits and Side Effects]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17985580 Commiphora molmol in human welfare]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have flower, fruit and leaf photos]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Burseracaceae]]

Latest revision as of 10:00, 18 April 2020

Commiphora myrrha

Guggul plant is a flowering plant in the family Burseraceae. The guggul plant may be found from northern Africa to central Asia but it is most common in northern India. It prefers arid and semi-arid climates and is tolerant of poor soil.

Uses

Cold sores, Canker sores, Candida, Fungal infections, Cholesterol, Oral inflammation, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Rubber sap, Resin.

Chemical Composition

These constituents include triterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, and iridoids[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Kanthagana, Guggala
Hindi Guggul
Malayalam Gulgulu, Guggulu
Tamil Mahisaksi Guggalu
Telugu Makishakshi guggulu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Pura, Mahisaksa
English Gum-gugul, Indian Bdellium


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Kashaya (Astringent), Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)

Veerya

Ushna (Heating)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Balya, Rasayana, Varnya, Vatabalasajit, Bhagnasandhanakrt, Medohara

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Trifoliate Chartaceous, greyish green or glaucous

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 3-4 mm long Yellow 5-10 Male flowers usually precocious, 2-4 in dichasial

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Ovoid 2-4 mm long Fruits 1-2 on jointed stalks Seed smooth with gentle swellings {{{5}}} {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

The soil around existing plants is cultivated (by hand using a hoe, or by machine using a cultivator) to destroy weeds and promote growth by increasing soil aeration and water infiltration.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Eastern Mediterranean, Arabian Peninsula, Desert regions.

Photo Gallery

  • Resin

References

  1. ↑ Chemical constituents
  2. ↑ Botonical description
  3. ↑ Cultivation agriculture

External Links

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