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Difference between revisions of "Garcinia indica - Vrikshamia"

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{{stub}}
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[[File:Garcinia indica - fruits, seeds, pulp and rinds.jpg|thumb|right|KOKUM(punarpuli)]]
 
[[File:Garcinia indica - fruits, seeds, pulp and rinds.jpg|thumb|right|KOKUM(punarpuli)]]
  
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'''Garcinia indica''' a plant in the mangosteen family, mostly in Asia and Africa. Garcinia indica is indigenous to the Western Ghats region of India located along the western coast of the country.
  
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}<ref name="Uses"/>
  
'''Garcinia indica''' <ref name="Garcinia indica"/> , a plant in the mangosteen family (Clusiaceae), commonly known as kokum, is a fruit-bearing tree that has culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial uses.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
  
The genus Garcinia, belonging to the family Clusiaceae, includes about 200 species found in the Old World tropics, mostly in Asia and Africa. Garcinia indica is indigenous to the Western Ghats region of India located along the western coast of the country. Of the 35 species found in India, 17 are endemic. Of these, seven are endemic to the Western Ghats, six in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and four in the northeastern region of India.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
Garcinia indica is found in forest lands, riversides and wastelands. These plants prefer evergreen forests, but sometimes they also thrive in areas with relatively low rainfall. It is also cultivated on a small scale. It does not require irrigation, spraying of pesticides or fertilizers.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=murgina, punarpuli|ml=kaattampi|sa=Vrikshamia, Amlabija|ta=murgal, murgal-mara|te=|hi=Kokum|en=Kokam, Goa butter tree}}
  
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
== USES ==
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===Rasa===
  
*The fresh fruit is preserved with sugar to make a bright-red squash that is bottled for sale. The syrup is diluted with water to make a refreshing drink).
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===Guna===
  
*The outer cover of fruit is dried in the sun to get aamsul or kokam. It is also known as bhirand in Konkani and punarpuli/muragalu in Kannada. It is used as a staple souring agent typically in Goan cuisine and some parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka. Kokum yields a peculiar flavour and blackish red colour. As a souring agent, it is used as an alternative to tamarind in curries and other dishes from the Goa and Konkan region.[citation needed] It is also used in cuisine from Gujarat, where it is frequently used to add flavor and tartness to dal (lentil soup) for flavor balance, and parts of South India.It is extensively used in Assamese cuisine in many dishes like " masor tenga " or sour fish curry and " tenga dali " or sour dal. It is also used as a cure for upset stomach and colds. A few dry pieces are soaked in water for some time and then the pieces are mashed in the water itself and can be taken in whole.
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===Veerya===
  
*Kokum squash or kokum concentrate is used in preparing a drink (sherbet) which is bright red in colour.
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===Vipaka===
  
*Further, the extract/ concentrate of this fruit is called aagal in Konkani and Marathi. It is added during the preparation of solkadhi, along with coconut milk.
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===Karma===
  
*The seed of Garcinia indica contains 23–26% oil, which remains solid at room temperature. It is used in the preparation of confectionery, medicines and cosmetics.
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===Prabhava===
  
*Recently, industries have started extracting hydroxycitric acid (HCA) from the rind of the fruit.
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
  
*The tree is ornamental, with a dense canopy of green leaves and red-tinged, tender, young leaves. The oily extract called kokum tel is used in foot massage, and to treat burns.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
  
==Common name==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
  
* '''English''' - Kokam
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===Other features===
* '''Kannada''' - ಪುನರ್ಪುಳಿ; ಮುರ್ಗಿನ
 
* '''Hindi''' - कोकम
 
  
== References ==
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Garcinia indica requires a warm and humid tropical climate.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|forest lands}}, {{Commonly seen|riversides}}, {{Commonly seen|wastelands}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Garcinia indica tree.jpg
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File:Garcinia indica.jpeg
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File:Garcinia indica Kokum of Karnataka Maharashtra Gujarat India.jpg
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File:Kokumfruitsdried.jpg
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File:Kokum Plant.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
  
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
<ref name="Garcinia indica">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garcinia_indica "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10942910802626754?src=recsys "main constituents"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Garcinia+indica "Cultivation Details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
==External link==
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==External Links==
 
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* [https://www.indiaagronet.com/indiaagronet/crop%20info/kokam.htm Garcinia indica on india agronet.com]
* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Kokam.html flowerofindia]
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* [http://www.ccari.res.in/dss/kokum.html Garcinia indica on ccari.res.in ]
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* [http://www.knowfarming.com/kokum-farming-information Kokum Farming Information]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 16:36, 9 May 2018

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KOKUM(punarpuli)

Garcinia indica a plant in the mangosteen family, mostly in Asia and Africa. Garcinia indica is indigenous to the Western Ghats region of India located along the western coast of the country.

Uses

Wounds, Cuts, Snakebites, Curing liver disorders, Skin eruptions, Blotches, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats[1]

Parts Used

Dried Folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada murgina, punarpuli
Hindi Kokum
Malayalam kaattampi
Tamil murgal, murgal-mara
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Vrikshamia, Amlabija
English Kokam, Goa butter tree


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Garcinia indica requires a warm and humid tropical climate.[4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

forest lands, riversides, wastelands.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Uses
  2. "main constituents"
  3. "wayback machine"
  4. "Cultivation Details"

External Links