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[[File:20161013 Jeneverbessenbos1.jpg|thumb|right]]
'''Juniperus communis''' is a very variable, evergreen shrub or a tree with an erect stem. It can grow up to 12 metres tall, though it is more commonly within the range 1 - 3 metres. The branches can be erect or spreading, so crown shape is very variable.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Kidney problems}}, {{Uses|Bladder problems}}, {{Uses|Cystitis}}, {{Uses|Digestive problems}}, {{Uses|Chronic arthritis}}, {{Uses|Gout}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|Rheumatic conditions}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|stemStems}}, {{Parts Used|leaves}}, {{Parts Used|RootLeaves}}.
==Chemical Composition==
==Habit==
{{HabitHabitEvergreen shrub|}}
==Identification==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings of mature wood}}, {{Propagation|Air layering}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
Juniperus communis is a very cold-hardy plant, able to tolerate temperatures down to around -40°c when fully dormant. However, although the fully dormant plant is very cold-tolerant, the young growth in spring can be damaged by late frosts.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Pine woods}}, {{Commonly seen|Moorland}}, {{Commonly seen|Calcareous river banks}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|Mixed woods}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">["Chemistry"]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">["Morphology"]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "http://temperate.theferns.info/plant/Juniperus+communis Cultivation"]</ref>
<ref name="Uses">Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [ https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/juniperus-communis Juniperus communis on vikaspedia.in]* [ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/juniperus-communis Juniperus communis on sciencedirect.com]* [ ]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Pages without herbs images]]
