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'''Saussurea costus''', commonly known as '''costus''' or '''kuth''', is a species of thistle in the genus Saussurea native to South Asia. Essential oils extracted from the root is used in traditional medicine and in perfumes since ancient times.<ref name="int"/>

It has a large number of names in other languages==Uses=={{Uses|cough}}, including kustha in Sanskrit; kust or qust in Arabic and Persian; kut{{Uses|asthma}}, kur{{Uses|fever}}, and pachak in Hindi and Bengali{{Uses|ulcers}}, kostum{{Uses|hair problems}}, gostham{{Uses|Indigestion}}, and potchuk in Tamil; upaleta and kur in Gujarati; kot or kust in Punjabi; changala in Telugu; sepuddy in Malayalam; kostha in Kannada; kuth or postkhai in Kashmiri; and kosht (קשט) in Hebrew{{Uses|gas problems}}, {{Uses|Intestinal diseases}}, {{Uses|cholera}}.<ref name="int2"/>

== Description Parts Used== It is usually found at elevations of 2,500 to 3,000 m (8,202.1 to 9,842.5 ft) asl in South Asia; including the Himalayas, Kashmir, Jammu, Western Ghats{{Parts Used|Roots}}, and the Kishenganga Valley{{Parts Used|Stem}}.

It has long lyrate leaves and heads ==Chemical Composition==Phytochemical analysis of purple floretsS.lappa roots showed the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, triterpenes, steroids, glycosides etc. S. lappa roots are rich source of sesquiterpenoids specially sesquiterpene lactones<ref name="chemical composition"/>

== Uses Common names=={{Common names|kn=kankushta, koshta|ml=sepuddy|sa=kustha|ta=Potchuk|te=changala|hi=kut, kur|en=Kust}}

*The root of Saussurea costus has been used as an incense and perfume ingredient for thousands of years and is mentioned in rabbinical writings as kosht (Hebrew: קשט‎‎), reflecting its arrowhead shape. It was used in Ketoret which is used when referring to the consecrated incense described in the Hebrew Bible and Talmud.==Properties==*In traditional Chinese medicine, the root is one of the 50 fundamental herbs. It has the name (ChineseReference: 云木香; pinyin: yún mù xiāng, meaning “wood aroma”). It forms a main ingredient in the Chinese pastille rods known as joss sticks. It is also used as incense.*In Ayurveda the name Kushta refers to an ancient Vedic plant god mentioned in the Atharvaveda as a remedy for takmanDravya - Substance, the archetypal disease of excess or jvara (fever). In ancient India Kushta was considered to be a divine plant derived from heavenly sourcesRasa - Taste, growing high in the Himalayas, considered to be the brother of the divine Soma. In Ayurveda Kushta is a rasayana for VataGuna - Qualities, helping to normalize and strengthen digestionVeerya - Potency, cleanse the body of toxic accumulationsVipaka - Post-digesion effect, enhance fertilityKarma - Pharmacological activity, and reduce painPrabhava - Therepeutics.[Clarification needed]*In India it is also given as a medicine for cough, asthma, fever, and cholera.[citation needed] Its dried powder is the principal ingredient in an ointment for ulcers; it is also a hair wash.===Dravya===

==Common name=Rasa===Tikta (Bitter).===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===

== References Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>

===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Division in spring}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Succeeds in most soils in a sunny well-drained position<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Saussurea ¿ costus ? (7839595576).jpgFile:Saussurea costus (7838353692).jpgFile:Saussurea costus (7838360258).jpg </gallery> ==References== <references><ref name="intchemical composition">[http://journalswww.plosphytojournal.orgcom/archives/2017/vol6issue4/PartS/plosone6-3-32-604.pdf "Chemical Composition "]</article?idref> <ref name=10"Leaf">[https://web.archive.1371org/web/20131226161459/http://journalwww.ponewildflowers-guide.0066300 com/39-agrimony.html "Sesquiterpene Lactones Downregulate G2/M Cell Cycle Regulator Proteins and Affect the Invasive Potential of Human Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cellswayback machine"]</ref> <ref name="int2How to plant/cultivate">[httphttps://linkwww.springerpfaf.comorg/articleuser/10Plant.1007%2Fs10531-004-4365-x aspx?LatinName=Saussurea+costus "Kuth (Saussurea lappa) cultivation in the cold desert environment of the Lahaul valley, northwestern Himalaya, India: arising threats and need to revive socio-economic valuesCultivation details"]</ref>

== External Links ==* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/kushta-saussurea-lappa Saussurea costus on planet ayurveda]* [http://urbol.com/benefits-costus-saussurea-lappa/ Bnefits of Saussurea costus]*[https://eneasyayurveda.wikipedia.orgcom/2013/09/19/wikikushta-saussurea-lappa-benefits-usage-dose-side-effects/Saussurea_costus Saussurea costuson easy ayurveda]* [https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/costus-root-essential-oil/ Costus root essential oil facts and health benefits]