Changes

'''Salix alba''' ('''white willow''') is a species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia. The name derives from the white tone to the undersides of the leaves.

== Description Uses== It is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree growing up to 10–30 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter and an irregular, often-leaning crown. The bark is grey-brown, and deeply fissured in older trees. The shoots in the typical species are grey-brown to green-brown. The leaves are paler than most other willows, due to a covering of very fine, silky white hairs{{Uses|fevers}}, in particular on the underside; they are 5–10 cm long and 0.5–1.5 cm wide. The flowers are produced in catkins in early spring{{Uses|dyspepsia}}, and pollinated by insects. It is dioecious{{Uses|joint pain}}, with male and female catkins on separate trees; the male catkins are 4–5 cm long{{Uses|Rheumatism}}, the female catkins 3–4 cm long at pollination{{Uses|Arthritis}}, lengthening as the fruit matures. When mature in midsummer{{Uses|Gout}}, the female catkins comprise numerous small (4 mm) capsules{{Uses|Immune diseases}}, each containing numerous minute seeds embedded in white down{{Uses|headache}}, which aids wind dispersal.{{Uses|febrifuge}}

== Uses Parts Used== *The wood is tough, strong, and light in weight, but has minimal resistance to decay. The stems (withies) from coppiced and pollarded plants are used for basket-making. *The wood is used to make cricket bats. S. alba's wood has a low density and a lower transverse compressive strength. *Hippocrates{{Parts Used|Leaves}},<ref name="uses"/> Galen,<ref name="galen"/> Pliny the Elder<ref name="pliny"/> and others knew willow {{Parts Used|Inner bark could ease aches and pains and reduce fevers}}.

==Common Chemical Composition==The inner bark of the White Willow(Salix alba L.)contains tannins, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, and anti-inflammatory and fever-reducing salicylates.<ref name=="chemical composition"/>

== References Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===

===Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava=== ==Habit=={{Habit|Deciduous tree}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||Lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|General|7–10 mm|The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe|bark of an adult plant is ridged or plated|many}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==A very easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[21], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[22]. Rarely thrives on chalk[22] and dislikes poor thin soils[23]. Very tolerant of maritime exposure and atmospheric pollution[1<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|By streams and rivers}}, {{Commonly seen|marshes and woods}}, {{Commonly seen|wet fens on richer soils}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Salix alba 003.jpgFile:Salix alba 004.jpgFile:Salix alba 005.jpgFile:Salix alba 006.jpgFile:Salix alba 007.jpgFile:Salix alba 017.jpgFile:Salix alba 008.jpgFile:Salix alba 009.jpg</gallery> ==References== <references><ref name="useschemical composition">[https://enwww.wikipediasciencedirect.orgcom/science/article/wikipii/Hippocrates HippocratesS0378874112006393?via%3Dihub "Phytochemicals"]</ref> <ref name="galenLeaf">[https://engobotany.wikipedianewenglandwild.org/wikispecies/salix/alba/Galen Galen" plant Characteristics"]</ref> <ref name="plinyHow to plant/cultivate">[httpshttp://en.wikipediapracticalplants.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder Pliny the ElderSalix_alba#cite_note-PFAFimport-75-10 "cutlivation details"]</ref>

== External Links ==* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319610310000578 Salix alba on science direct]* [http://hermionesgarden.blogspot.com/2011/05/salix-alba-sacred-white-willow.html Salix alba on hermionesgarden.blogspot.org]*[https://enkeyserver.wikipedialucidcentral.org/wikiweeds/data/media/Html/Salix_alba salix_alba_var._vitellina.htm Salix albaon keyserver.lucidcentral.org]* [https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Salix+alba Salix alba on plant information.org]