[[File:Quillaja saponaria.jpg|thumb|right|''Quillaja saponaria'', ''Soap bark tree'']]
'''Soap bark tree''' or '''Quillaja saponaria''', is an evergreen tree in the family Quillajaceae, and it is native to warm temperate central Chile. ==Uses=={{Uses|chest problems}}, {{Uses|phlegm}}, {{Uses|cough}}, {{Uses|congested catarrh}}, {{Uses|dandruff}}, {{Uses|skin ulcers}}, {{Uses|skin eruption}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}. ==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Wood}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}. ==Chemical Composition==Phenolic compounds, Glucosyringic acid, vanillic acid, Piscidic acid and p-coumaric acid<ref name="chemical composition"/> ==Common names=={{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Quillaja , soapbark}} ==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya=== ===Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava=== ==Habit=={{Habit|Herb}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||Dark green, waxy, 1.5-2" leaves with slight undulation}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5|Insignificant yellow-green flowers in 1" clusters}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|Woody|7–10 mm|Woody, tan, pin-wheel shaped seed pods||many}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Requires a well-drained fertile soil in a sunny position<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Mountainous regions}}, {{Commonly seen|Western slopes of the Andes}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">"Don quillay" - Flickr - Pato Novoa.jpg "Don quillay" Quillaja saponaria - Flickr - Pato Novoa.jpg Bosque esclerófilo, Chile 001 — Inao Vásquez.jpg Quillaja Mol.JPG
== Description ==
In Chile it occurs from 32 to 40° South Latitude approximately. Populations are found even 2000 m Quillaja saponaria (6500 ft8682583504) above sea level. It can grow to 15–20 m (50–65 ft) in height. The tree has thick, dark bark, smooth, leathery, shiny, oval evergreen leaves 3–5 cm long, white flowers 15 mm diameter borne in dense corymbs, and a dry fruit with five follicles each containing 10-20 seeds.jpg
The inner bark of Quillaja saponaria can be reduced to powder and employed as a substitute for soap, since it forms a lather with water, owing to the presence of a glucoside saponin, sometimes distinguished as quillaia saponin. It also applied as an agricultural spray adjuvant. The same, or a closely similar substance, is found in soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), in senega root (Polygala senega8682583634) and in sarsaparilla; it appears to be chemically related to digitonin, which occurs in digitalis.jpg
== Uses ==
*Soap bark tree has a long history of medicinal use with the Andean people who used it especially as a treatment for various chest problems<ref name="uses"/>*It is the source of quillaia, the extract of which is used as a food additive and as an ingredient in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and fire-fighting foam. *It is used as additive for photographic films and foaming for drinks. The saponin content of the bark helps to stimulate the production of a more fluid mucus in the airways, thus facilitating the removal of phlegm through coughing.*The wood is used in cabinetry, and scents derived from the tree are used in perfumes and cosmeticsQuillaja saponaria (quillay) Parque Nacional La Campana.JPG
==Common name==</gallery>
* '''English''' - soap bark tree==References==
<references> <ref name== References =="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25625186 "Phenolic constituents"]</ref>
<referencesref name="Leaf">[https://www.fuf.net/tree/soapbark-tree/ "plant description"]</ref> <ref name="usesHow to plant/cultivate">Soap bark tree has a long history of medicinal use with the Andean people who used it especially as a treatment for various chest problems[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Quillaja+saponaria "Cultivation details"]</ref>
</references>
== External Links == *[https://enwww.sciencedirect.wikipediacom/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/quillaja-saponaria Quillaja saponaria on science direct]* [http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Quillaja_saponaria Quillaja saponaria - wikipediaon practical plants.org]* [https://www.drugs.com/npp/quillaja.html Quillaja saponaria on plants with drugs.com]* [https://www.anniesannuals.com/plants/view/?id=3228 Quillaja saponaria on annies annuals.com]
[[Category:Herbs]]
