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Pongamia pinnata - Naktamala

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'''Naktamala''' is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native in tropical and temperate Asia including parts of Indian subcontinent, China, Japan, Malesia, Australia and Pacific islands.
== Description Uses=={{Uses|cough}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|fever}}, {{Uses|wounds}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|wound}}, {{Uses|Infectious diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
Naktamala is a legume tree that grows to about 15–25 metres (50–80 ft) in height with a large canopy which spreads equally wide. It may be deciduous for short periods. It has a straight or crooked trunk==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Tender shoots}}, 50–80 centimetres (20–30 in) in diameter{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, with grey-brown bark which is smooth or vertically fissured. Branches are glabrous with pale stipulate scars. {{Parts Used|The imparipinnate leaves of the tree alternate and are short-stalked, rounded or cuneate at the base, ovate or oblong along the lengthroots}}, obtuse-acuminate at the apex{{Parts Used|flower}}, and not toothed on the edges{{Parts Used|seeds}}. They are a soft, shiny burgundy when young and mature to a glossy, deep green as the season progresses with prominent veins underneath.<ref name="int"/>
== Uses Chemical Composition==Indian beech tree is reported to contain alkaloids demethoxy-kanugin, gamatay, glabrin, glabrosaponin, kaempferol, kanjone, kanugin, karangin, neoglabrin, pinnatin, pongamol, pongapin, quercitin, saponin, b-sitosterol, and tannin.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
Naktamala is renowned for its shade and is well known in traditional uses for its medicinal properties. It is also grown as a host plant for lac insects. The tree is also one of the food plants for ==Common Cerulean (Jamides celeno). The seeds contain pongam oil that is now being explored as an alternate fuel source.names=={{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
==Common nameProperties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
* '''English''' - Indian beech===Rasa===* '''Kannada''' - ಹೊಂಗೆTikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)* '''Hindi''' - करंज ===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===
==Habit=={{Habit|Tree}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Leaves alternate, imparipinnate with long slender leafstalk, hairless}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|4-5 mm long|Yellow|5-20|Inflorescence raceme-like, axillary, 6-27 cm long, bearing pairs of stronglyfragrant flowers}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit||7–10 mm |Plattened but slightly swollen, slightly curved with short, curved|With hooked hairs|many}} ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Native to humid tropical and subtropical environments, it is found at elevations from sea level to 1,200 metres<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|lowland forest}}, {{Commonly seen|Rocky coral outcrops on the coast}}, {{Commonly seen|Along the edges}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Odermennig.jpgFile:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpgImage:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg</gallery> == References == <references><ref name="intchemical composition">[http://www.spicesmedicinalherbs.com/pongamia-pinnata.html "Constituents"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archhttp://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Pongamia_pinnata.PDF "Plants characterristics"/ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Pongamia +pinnata; Fabaceae - Papilionoideae; (L.) Pierre; pongam, karanj, karanga, kanji"Cultivation details"]</ref>
</references>
== External Links ==* [https://easyayurveda.com/2017/05/01/indian-beech-home-remedies/ Pongamia pinnata plants home remedies]* [http://www.medicinalplantsindia.com/indian-beech.html Pongamia pinnata on medicinal plants india.com]* [https://sites.google.com/site/medicinalplantshealing/list-of-plants/indian-beech Pongamia pinnata on meidicnal plants]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millettia_pinnata "Millettia pinnata-Wikipedia"]
[[Category:Herbs]]
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