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Polemonium caeruleum - Greek valerian

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Polemonium caeruleum, known as Jacob's-ladder or Greek valerian, is a hardy perennial flowering plant. The plant produces cup-shaped, lavender-coloured or white flowers. It is native to temperate regions of Europe.
== Description Uses=={{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
The plant usually reaches a height from 45 to 60 centimeters (18 to 24 inches)==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, but some occasionally will be taller than 90 centimeters (35 inches.) The spread of the plant is also 45 to 60 centimeters. It can grow in North American hardiness zone 2{{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
The plant normally prefers soil that is rich in moisture ==Chemical Composition==Contains volatile oils, flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, triterpene glycosides including euscapic acid and lime tormentic acid, phenolic acids, and does not require as much sunlight as other plants. Depending on the conditions, it will need varying amounts of water in the summer.3%–21% tannins<ref name="chemical composition"/>
== Uses Common names== *The plant was first used as a medicinal herb in ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks used the root to treat dysentery, toothaches and animal bites.[Clarification needed]*Today, the plant is usually used in potpourris and is boiled in olive oil to make black dyes and hair dressing, but it has few other significant uses.*It was formerly used internally in the treatment of a wide range of conditions ranging from headaches to fevers and epilepsy<ref name{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en="uses"/>Agrimony}}
==Common nameProperties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
* '''English''' - Greek valerian===Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===
== References Habit== {{Habit|Herb}}
==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==A very easily grown plant, it prefers a moist well-drained fertile soil in sun or semi-shade<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Margins of woods}}, {{Commonly seen|limestone hills}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Odermennig.jpgFile:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpgImage:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg</gallery> ==References== <references><ref name="useschemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874112006393?via%3Dihub "sciencedirect"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/USER/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Polemonium+caeruleum Plants for a future"cultivation details"]</ref>
</references>
== External Links == * [http://www.indianmirror.com/ayurveda/agrimony.html]*[https://enwww.wikipediapfaf.org/wikiuser/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Agrimonia+eupatoria]* [https://Polemonium_caeruleum#cite_notewww.herbal-BSBI07supplement-2 Polemonium caeruleum resource.com/agrimony- Wikipediaherb.html]* [https://www.globalherbalsupplies.com/herb_information/agrimony.htm]* [https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/agrim015.html]
[[Category:Herbs]]

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