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'''Quercus infectoria''' ('''Aleppo oak''') is a species of oak, bearing galls that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally. Quercus infectoria or locally known as Manjakani in Malaysia

== Description Uses== Aleppo oak is a small tree native of Greece and Asia Minor{{Uses|Bleeding Piles}}, {{Uses|Rectal Bleeding}}, {{Uses|Irritable bowel syndrome}}, with four to six feet in height. The stems are crooked{{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, shrubby looking with smooth and bright-green leaves borne on short petioles of 1 to 1.5 inches long. The leaves are bluntly mucronate{{Uses|Rectal Prolapse}}, rounded{{Uses|Uterine Prolapse}}, smooth{{Uses|Leucorrhea}}, unequal at the base and shiny on the upper side. Meanwhile{{Uses|Vaginitis}},Quercus infectoria galls are corrugated and can be used as a thickener in stews or mixed with cereals for making bread.{{Uses|Toothache}}

== Uses Parts Used== *The galls arise on young branches of this tree as a result of attacks by gall wasps.*Also known as Majuphal in Indian traditional medicine, manjakani has been used as dental powder and in the treatment of toothache and gingivitis.<ref name="uses"/>*Nowadays, gallnut extracts are also widely used in pharmaceuticals, food and feed additives, dyes, inks{{Parts Used|leaves}}, and metallurgy.{{Parts Used|Gall}}

==Common Chemical Composition==Gallic Acid & Tannic Acid are found in Manjakani<ref name=="chemical composition"/>

* '''English''' - ==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Machikaai, Mapalakam|ml=Majakaanee, Mashikkay|sa=Mayaphala, Majuphul|ta=Machakaai, Masikki|te=Machikaaya|hi=Maajoophal, Majuphal|en=Oak Galls* '''Kannada''' - ಮಾಚಿಕಾಯಿ* '''Hindi''' - Maajoophal, Magic Nuts}}

==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya=== ===Rasa===Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry)===Veerya===Sheeta (cold)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Pitta===Prabhava=== ==Habit=={{Habit|shrub}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|alternate|The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|simple|7–10 mm|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown||many}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Basil is considered as the masculme herb because of its pungency. It is more pungent than garlic. It has been accredited loyal status among the herbs because of its medicinal properties. It is extensively used in Italy with tomato in almost all food preparations.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Quercus infectoria}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px"> </gallery> == References == <references><ref name="useschemical composition">Kottakkal AVS[https://www. (1995)ayurtimes. Indian Medicinal Plantscom/quercus-infectoria-manjakani-majuphal-benefits-uses-side-effects/ "Phytochemistry"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://ayusri. 4. Orient Longman Ltdcom/eherb-Majuphala "Morphology"]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://indianspices.com/hin/cultivation-practices "CULTIVATION PRACTICES"]</ref>

== External Links == * [https://www.bimbima.com/herbs/majuphal-oak-galls-information-medicinal-uses-and-side-effects/60/ Majuphal (Oak galls) Information, Medicinal Uses and Side-effects]*[https://enwww.wikipediaayurtimes.orgcom/wikiquercus-infectoria-manjakani-majuphal-benefits-uses-side-effects/Quercus_infectoria Quercus infectoria - WikipediaInfectoria (Manjakani, Majuphal) Benefits, Uses & Side Effects]* [http://ayurvedicmedicinalplants.in/content/mayaphala Mayaphala on ayurvedic medicinal plants]