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Acacia nilotica - Aaavartaki

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[[File:Babool(Acacia nilotica) flowers at Hodal.jpg|thumb|right|''Vachellia nilotica'',''Babul'']]
Babul or Vachellia nilotica widely known by the taxonomic synonym Acacia niloticais a tree 5–20 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum. ==Uses=={{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}. ==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, or common names [[Gum arabic]]{{Parts Used|Leaves}}. ==Chemical Composition==Seed contains anthraquinones, कीकर '''Kikar''' namely; (Hindiaurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, बबूल '''Babul''' brassinosteroids(Marathi)brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol, '''Nalla tumma''' (Telugu)teasterone, '''Babli''' (Kannadaand 28-norcastasterone), '''Karivelam''' andmonoglycerides (Malayalammonopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, '''kaRuvELai''' (Tamil)nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, '''Babaria''' (Gujarati)demethylflavasperoneBotanical gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name: '''Acacia nilotica subsp="chemical composition"/> ==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Babli|ml=Karivelam|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=karuvelai|te=Nalla tumma|hi=Babool|en=Gum Arabic}}  ==Habit=={{Habit|tree}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|alternate|stipulate|The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, indica'''at both the ends}}.<ref name="common namesLeaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}.
== Description How to plant/cultivate== Vachellia nilotica is a tree 5–20 Plants reach about 3 m high height with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum3. The tree has thin, straight, light, grey spines 5 cm stem diameter in axillary pairs2 years, usually in 3 to 12 pairs, 4 years about 5 to m height and 7.5 cm (3 in) long in young trees, mature trees commonly without thornsstem diameter. The leaves are bipinnate, with 3–6 pairs of pinnulae Flowering and 10–30 pairs of leaflets eachfruiting is almost throughout the year, tomentosebut in India there are usually two main flowering periods, rachis with a gland at one in the bottom of the last pair of pinnulae. Flowers early monsoon and another in globulous heads 1.2–1.5 cm in diameter of a bright golden-yellow color, set up either axillary or whorly on peduncles 2–3 cm long located at the end of the branches. Pods are strongly constricted, hairy, white-grey, thick and softly tomentose. Its seeds number approximately 8000/kglate monsoon.<ref name="descriptionHow to plant/cultivate"/>
== Uses Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
*The tender twig of this plant is used as a toothbrush in south-east Africa and India.
*The exudate gum of this tree is known as gum arabic and has been collected from the pharaonic times for the manufacture of medicines, dyes and paints
*The tree's wood is "very durable if water-seasoned" and its uses include tool handles and lumber for boats.<ref name="uses"/>
==common namePhoto Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Vachellia nilotica, Village Behlolpur, Punjab, India.JPGFile:Vachellia nilotica, at village Chaparr Chirri, Mohali, Punjab, India.JPGFile:Acacia-nilotica.jpgFile:Acacia nilotica, peule, a, Uniegeboutuine.jpgFile:Gum Arabic exuding.jpgFile:Babool (Acacia nilotica) trunk at Hodal W IMG 1252.jpg</gallery>
* '''English''' - Babul* '''Kannada''' - Babli * '''Hindi''' - कीकर ==References==
== References == <references><ref name="common nameschemical composition">[http://wwwciteseerx.ist.flowersofindiapsu.netedu/catalogviewdoc/slides/Babooldownload?doi=10.1.1.679.html 2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Flowers of IndiaPharmacological"]</ref><ref name="descriptionLeaf">[http://www.faoeol.org/docreppages/006703261/Q2190E/Q2190E10details "eol.htm "Handbook on Seeds of Dry-zone Acacias FAOord"]</ref><ref name="usesHow to plant/cultivate">[https://bookswww.googleprota4u.comorg/database/booksprotav8.asp?idg=CfDcl2m-6BMCpe&pgp=PA7&dq=%22acaciaSenna+auriculata+longifolia%22(L.)+uses Roxb. "Select extra-tropical plants readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalizationprota4u"]</ref>
</references>
== External Links ==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vachellia_nilotica Vachellia nilotica -Wikipedia]
[[Category:Herbs]]
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