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'''Nirgundi''', also called Vitex agnus-castus, vitex, chaste tree, chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of Vitex, which is on the whole a genus of tropical and sub-tropical flowering plants. It is widely used in folk medicine, particularly in South and Southeast Asia.

'''Indrani''' or '''Vitex negundo'''==Uses=={{Uses|Wounds}}, commonly known as the Chinese chastetree{{Uses|Cuts}}, five-leaved chaste tree{{Uses|Snakebites}}, or horseshoe vitex{{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, is a large aromatic shrub with quadrangular{{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, densely whitish{{Uses|Blotches}}, tomentose branchlets. It is widely used in folk medicine{{Uses|Pimples}}, particularly in South and Southeast Asia.{{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}

== Description Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|flowers}}, {{Parts Used|leaves}}, {{Parts Used|bark}}.

Vitex negundo is an erect shrub or small tree growing from 2 to 8 m (6.6 to 26.2 ft) in height. The bark is reddish-brown. Its leaves are digitate==Chemical Composition==Contains volatile oils, with five lanceolate leafletsflavonoids, sometimes three. Each leaflet is around 4 to 10 cm (1.6 to 3.9 in) in lengthapigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, with the central leaflet being the largest and possessing a stalk. The leaf edges are toothed or serrated and the bottom surface is covered in hair. The numerous flowers are borne in panicles 10 to 20 cm (3.9 to 7.9 in) in length. Each is around 6 to 7 cm (2.4 to 2.8 in) long and are white to blue in color. The petals are of different lengthstiliroside, with the middle lower lobe being the longest. Both the corolla triterpene glycosides including euscapic acid and calyx are covered in dense hairs. The fruit is a succulent drupetormentic acid, 4 mm (0.16 in) in diameterphenolic acids, rounded to egg-shaped. It is black or purple when ripe.and 3%–21% tannins<ref name="chemical composition"/>

== Uses Common names=={{Common names|kn=Bile-Nekki|ml=Indrani|sa=|ta=Nirkunnchi, Nallanochi|te=Nallavalli, Vavilli|hi=Samhalu, Saubhalu|en=Five-Leaved Chaste Tree}}

*In alternative medicine==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, it is believed the berries are a tonic herb for both the male and female reproductive systems. The leaves are believed to have the same Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect but to a lesser degree.*It is believed that some of the compounds found in the plant work on the pituitary gland which would explain its effects on hormonal levels, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.*Used in supplements for male bodybuilders as a secondary component because of its effects on testosterone levels.*Five-Leaved Chaste Tree relieves muscle aches and joint pains.===Dravya===

==Common name=Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===

== External Links Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are Palmately compound petiole 2:5: 3.8 cm long; mostly trifoliate, occasionally pentafoliate}}<ref name="Leaf"/>

===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Bluish-purpleYellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August and small, in peduncled cymes}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|rounded drupe|1 to 3 mm in diameter|calyx cup may show one or two vertical splits|fruit colour light brown to black|2}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==*[https:[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant//encultivate==It prefers a light well-drained loamy soil.wikipedia[3] It is widely planted as a hedge plant in between the fields and usually not browsed by the cattle.org<ref name="How to plant/wikicultivate"/Vitex_agnus> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Tropical region}}, {{Commonly seen|Sub-castus tropical region}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Nirgundi (Marathi- निर्गुंडी) (5928827061).jpgFile:Nirgundi (Marathi- निर्गुंडी) (465854159).jpg File:Vitex agnus-castustrifolia L. (5928822953).jpg</gallery> ==References== <references> <ref name="chemical composition"]*>[http://www.himalayawellness.com/herbfinder/vitex-negundo.htm "Fivechemical constituents"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/medicinal-Leaved Chaste Treeuse-Himalaya herb finderof-nirgundi-vitex-negundo/1452/ "plant description"]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.jipbs.com/VolumeArticles/FullTextPDF/80_JIPBSV2I205.pdf "cultivation details"]</ref></references> ==External Links==* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/nirgundipowder.htm]* [http://www.usefulplants.org/index.php/medicinal-plants/nirgundi-chaste-tree]*[httpshttp://enwww.wikipediausefulplants.org/wikiindex.php/medicinal-plants/Vitex_negundo Vitex negundonirgundi-chaste-Wikipediatree]