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Difference between revisions of "Syzygium cumini - Jambu, Malabar plum"

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[[File:1107Syzygium cumini Angelesfvf 04.JPG|thumb|right|'' Malabar plum'', ''Syzygium cumini'']]
 
[[File:1107Syzygium cumini Angelesfvf 04.JPG|thumb|right|'' Malabar plum'', ''Syzygium cumini'']]
  
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The common names used in English for '''Syzygium cumini''' is Indian Blackberry, '''Jambul''' and '''Java Plum'''. The common name used in Hindi is '''Jamun''' and in Sanskrit is '''Jambu'''. It is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. Syzygium cumini is native to the Indian Subcontinent and adjoining regions of Southeast Asia.
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'''Syzygium cumini''' is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. Syzygium cumini is native to the Indian Subcontinent and adjoining regions of Southeast Asia.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
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A slow growing species, it can reach heights of up to 30 m and can live more than 100 years. Its dense foliage provides shade and is grown just for its ornamental value. At the base of the tree, the bark is rough and dark grey, becoming lighter grey and smoother higher up. The wood is water resistant. Because of this it is used in railway sleepers and to install motors in wells. It is sometimes used to make cheap furniture and village dwellings though it is relatively hard to work on.
 
  
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The leaves which have an aroma similar to turpentine, are pinkish when young, changing to a leathery, glossy dark green with a yellow midrib as they mature. The leaves are used as food for livestock, as they have good nutritional value.
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==Parts Used==
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Flower bud and open flowers
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{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
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Syzygium cumini fruit color changing from green to pink to blood red to black as it matures
 
  
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Syzygium cumini trees start flowering from March to April. The flowers are fragrant and small, about 5 mm in diameter. The fruits develop by May or June and resemble large berries; the fruit of Syzygium species is described as "drupaceous".<ref name="uses"/> The fruit is oblong, ovoid. Unripe fruit looks green. As it matures, its color changes to pink, then to shining crimson red and finally to black color. A variant of the tree produces white coloured fruit. The fruit has a combination of sweet, mildly sour and astringent flavour and tends to colour the tongue purple.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Total phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoid contents of pulp, respectively. Kernel and seed coat contained total phenolics respectively.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
  
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'''Syzygium cumini has been used for medicinal purposes since ancient times. Some of the ailments this herb can help relieve are''' :
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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*'''Diabetes''': Syzygium cumini can incrase the production of insulin producing beta cells of pancreas. The seeds of the tree contain glucose, which is known as jamboline. It helps to control the conversion process of starch into sugars. Urine sugar levels can be reduced by consuming seeds of the herb.<ref name="uses2"/>
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===Rasa===
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*'''Stomach Problems''': The fruits of the above mentioned herb contain natural acids that help in the secretion of enzymes by the digestive glands and help to reduce stomach problems. The fruits are also considered to be a good anti scorbutic. The seeds are known to have gastro protective properties. This herb is also used to relieve diarrhea.
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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*'''Mouth Problems''': the leaves of Syzygium cumini help in the absorption of vitamin E. The leaves also contain anti bacterial properties that can be used to relieve the inflammation of gums. They can also relieve mouth ulcerations as well as bad breath.
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===Guna===
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*'''Plague''': Syzygium cumini can effectively remove the symptoms of the deadly disease of plague. And can prevent it from coming back.
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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*'''Diarrhea''': For relieving diarrhea in children the bark of the herb along with goat’s milk can be consumed. The fruit vinegar is also used for controlling persistant diarrhea.
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Evergreen Shrub}}
  
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==Common name==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are turpentine smell, and are opposite, 5-25 cm long, 2.5-10 cm wide, oblong-oval or elliptic, blunt or tapering to a point at the apex}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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* '''English''' - Malabar plum
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===Flower===
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* '''Kannada''' - ಪನ್ನೇರಳೆ
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2.5-10 cm|white, rose-pink|5-20|these are fragrant and appear in clusters 2.5-10 cm long, each being 1.25 cm wide and 2.5 cm long}}
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* '''Hindi''' - गुलाब जामुन
 
  
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== References ==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|oblong|1.25-5 cm long|The fruit is usually astringent, sometimes unpalatably so, and the flavour varies from acid to fairly sweet|With hooked hairs|2-5}}
  
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<references>
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===Other features===
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<ref name="uses">[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=132166 "Syzygium"]</ref>
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<ref name="uses2">[http://www.alwaysayurveda.com/syzygium-cumini/ "Always Ayurveda-SYZYGIUM CUMINI"]</ref>
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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A plant of the tropics and subtropics, where it is found at elevations up to 2,000 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime temperatures are within the range 20 - 32°c, but can tolerate 12 - 48°c<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical}}, {{Commonly seen|subtropical forest}}, {{Commonly seen|wet to fairly dry areas}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20836162 "hemical constituents"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://ijpsr.com/bft-article/morphology-pytochemistry-and-pharmacology-of-syzygium-cumini-linn-an-overview/?view=fulltext "Botanical Discription"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Syzygium+cumini "Cultivation Details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.indianmirror.com/ayurveda/agrimony.html]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium_cumini Syzygium cumini-Wikipedia]
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* [https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Agrimonia+eupatoria]
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* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/agrimony-herb.html]
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* [https://www.globalherbalsupplies.com/herb_information/agrimony.htm]
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* [https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/agrim015.html]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 11:07, 10 June 2018

Malabar plum, Syzygium cumini

Syzygium cumini is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. Syzygium cumini is native to the Indian Subcontinent and adjoining regions of Southeast Asia.

Uses

Wounds, Cuts, Snakebites, Curing liver disorders, Skin eruptions, Blotches, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Dried Folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Total phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoid contents of pulp, respectively. Kernel and seed coat contained total phenolics respectively.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Agrimony


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Evergreen Shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple The leaves are turpentine smell, and are opposite, 5-25 cm long, 2.5-10 cm wide, oblong-oval or elliptic, blunt or tapering to a point at the apex

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2.5-10 cm white, rose-pink 5-20 these are fragrant and appear in clusters 2.5-10 cm long, each being 1.25 cm wide and 2.5 cm long

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
oblong 1.25-5 cm long The fruit is usually astringent, sometimes unpalatably so, and the flavour varies from acid to fairly sweet With hooked hairs 2-5 {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

A plant of the tropics and subtropics, where it is found at elevations up to 2,000 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime temperatures are within the range 20 - 32°c, but can tolerate 12 - 48°c[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical, subtropical forest, wet to fairly dry areas.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "hemical constituents"
  2. ↑ "Botanical Discription"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation Details"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Syzygium_cumini_-_Jambu,_Malabar_plum&oldid=16454"