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Difference between revisions of "Rauvolfia serpentina - Sarpa Gandha"

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[[File:Rauvolfia serpentina 11.JPG|thumb|right|''Sarpa Gandha'']]
 
[[File:Rauvolfia serpentina 11.JPG|thumb|right|''Sarpa Gandha'']]
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'''Rauvolfia serpentina''' is a species of flower in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and East Asia from India to Indonesia.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|High blood sugar}}, {{Uses|Lowering blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Cataract}}, {{Uses|Plague}}, {{Uses|Schizophrenia}}, {{Uses|Anxiety}}, {{Uses|Psychosis}}, {{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|Colic}}, {{Uses|Cholera}}, {{Uses|Snake bite }}, {{Uses|Hypochondria}}, {{Uses|Mental disorders}}, {{Uses|Intractable skin disorder}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}.
  
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}.
  
Rauvolfia serpentina <ref name="Rauvolfia serpentina"/>, or Indian snakeroot is a species of flower in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and East Asia (from India to Indonesia).Common English names include devil pepper and snakeroot.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Ajmaline, ajmalinine and ajmalicine, serpentine, serpentinine, alkaloids, reserpine, rescinnamine and yohimbine.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Sarpagandha|ml=Suvapavalforiyan|sa=Sarpagandha|ta=Chivan amelpodi|te=Paataala goni|hi=Sarpagandha|en=Snake-root}}
  
== Medicinal uses ==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
The extract of the plant has been used for millennia in India – Alexander the Great administered this plant to cure his general Ptolemy I Soter of a poisoned arrow.[citation needed] It was reported that Mahatma Gandhi took it as a tranquilizer during his lifetime. It has been used to treat insect stings and the bites of venomous reptiles.[citation needed] The plant also contains reserpine, was used to treat high blood pressure and mental disorders including schizophrenia, and had a brief period of popularity for that purpose in the West from 1954 to 1957. R. serpentina is also known for its antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antidiuretic and anticholinergic activities.
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
Hyper tension, insomnia.
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
Recent research has proved that Rauwolfia serpentina exhibits activity against drug-resistant tumor cells.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||In whorls of 3, thin, lanceolate, acute, bright green above and pale beneath}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name shégēn mù (Chinese: 蛇根木) or yìndù shémù (Chinese: 印度蛇木).
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Violet|5|Flowers are in irregular corymbose cymes, white, often tinged with violet. Flowering season is May-January}}
  
==Common name==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Simple|7–10 mm|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown||Many|Fruiting season is May-January}}
  
* '''English''' - serpentine wood
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===Other features===
* '''Kannada''' - ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧಿ
 
* '''Hindi'''  - चंद्रभाग
 
  
== References ==
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Its grows spontaneous in tropical forests (temp,10°C to 40°C) which are humid in summer at an altitude up to about 1200 metres.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Trophical region}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Amalpori buds.jpg
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Amalpori.jpg
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Chandra (Bengali- চন্দ্র) (6928674411).jpg
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Ichneumon Plant (6782553398).jpg
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Indian Snakeroot (505583655).jpg
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Indian Snakeroot Rauvolfia serpentina (সর্পগন্ধা) WLB DSC 0237.jpg
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Indian snakeroot Rauvolfia serpentina WLB DSC 0242.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
  
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
<ref name="Rauvolfia serpentina">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauvolfia_serpentina "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.biologydiscussion.com/medicinal-plants/rauvolfia-serpentina-habitat-history-and-constituents/51900 Chemical Constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/CropFactSheets/rauvolfia.html Plant description]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/biology/alkaloid/rauwolfia-sources-cultivation-and-uses-with-diagram/49643 Cultivation]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rauvolfia-serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina on science direct]
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* [http://www.mpbd.info/plants/rauvolfia-serpentina.php Rauvolfia serpentina on MEDICINAL PLANTS OF BANGLADESH]
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* [http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=2&topicid=1411 Rauvolfia serpentina on agriculture information.in]
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* [https://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Rauwolfia-Cultivation-and-Collection-892.html Rauvolfia serpentina on biotech articles.com]
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[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Apocynaceae]]

Latest revision as of 15:22, 25 May 2021

Sarpa Gandha

Rauvolfia serpentina is a species of flower in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and East Asia from India to Indonesia.

Uses

High blood sugar, Lowering blood pressure, Cataract, Plague, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, Psychosis, Epilepsy, Colic, Cholera, Snake bite , Hypochondria, Mental disorders, Intractable skin disorder, Psoriasis.

Parts Used

Roots.

Chemical Composition

Ajmaline, ajmalinine and ajmalicine, serpentine, serpentinine, alkaloids, reserpine, rescinnamine and yohimbine.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Sarpagandha
Hindi Sarpagandha
Malayalam Suvapavalforiyan
Tamil Chivan amelpodi
Telugu Paataala goni
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Sarpagandha
English Snake-root


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple In whorls of 3, thin, lanceolate, acute, bright green above and pale beneath

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Violet 5 Flowers are in irregular corymbose cymes, white, often tinged with violet. Flowering season is May-January

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Simple 7–10 mm Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown Many Fruiting season is May-January

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Its grows spontaneous in tropical forests (temp,10°C to 40°C) which are humid in summer at an altitude up to about 1200 metres.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Trophical region, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

References

External Links