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Rauvolfia serpentina - Sarpa Gandha

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→‎Identification
[[File:Rauvolfia serpentina 11.JPG|thumb|right|''Sarpa Gandha'']]
'''Rauvolfia serpentina''' is a species of flower in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and East Asia from India to Indonesia.
==Uses==
{{Uses|High blood sugar}}, {{Uses|Lowering blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Cataract}}, {{Uses|Plague}}, {{Uses|Schizophrenia}}, {{Uses|Anxiety}}, {{Uses|Psychosis}}, {{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|Colic}}, {{Uses|Cholera}}, {{Uses|Snake bite }}, {{Uses|Hypochondria}}, {{Uses|Mental disorders}}, {{Uses|Intractable skin disorder}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}.
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Roots}}.
Rauvolfia serpentina ==Chemical Composition==Ajmaline, ajmalinine and ajmalicine, serpentine, serpentinine, alkaloids, reserpine, rescinnamine and yohimbine.<ref name="Rauvolfia serpentinachemical composition"/>, or Indian snakeroot is a species of flower in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and East Asia (from India to Indonesia).Common English names include devil pepper and snakeroot.
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=Sarpagandha|ml=Suvapavalforiyan|sa=Sarpagandha|ta=Chivan amelpodi|te=Paataala goni|hi=Sarpagandha|en=Snake-root}}
== Medicinal uses Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
The extract of the plant has been used for millennia in India – Alexander the Great administered this plant to cure his general Ptolemy I Soter of a poisoned arrow.[citation needed] It was reported that Mahatma Gandhi took it as a tranquilizer during his lifetime. It has been used to treat insect stings and the bites of venomous reptiles.[citation needed] The plant also contains reserpine===Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), was used to treat high blood pressure and mental disorders including schizophreniaKashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), and had a brief period of popularity for that purpose in the West from 1954 to 1957. R. serpentina is also known for its antimicrobialRuksha (Dry), antifungalTikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antidiuretic and anticholinergic activities.Vata===Prabhava===
Hyper tension, insomnia.==Habit=={{Habit|Herb}}
Recent research has proved that Rauwolfia serpentina exhibits activity against drug-resistant tumor cells.==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple||In whorls of 3, thin, lanceolate, acute, bright green above and pale beneath}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Violet|5|Flowers are in traditional Chinese medicineirregular corymbose cymes, where it has the name shégēn mù (Chinese: 蛇根木) or yìndù shémù (Chinese: 印度蛇木)white, often tinged with violet.Flowering season is May-January}}
===Fruit==={{Fruit|Simple|7–10 mm|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown||Many|Fruiting season is May-January}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Its grows spontaneous in tropical forests (temp,10°C to 40°C) which are humid in summer at an altitude up to about 1200 metres.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Trophical region}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">Amalpori buds.jpgAmalpori.jpgChandra (Bengali- চন্দ্র) (6928674411).jpgIchneumon Plant (6782553398).jpgIndian Snakeroot (505583655).jpgIndian Snakeroot Rauvolfia serpentina (সর্পগন্ধা) WLB DSC 0237.jpgIndian snakeroot Rauvolfia serpentina WLB DSC 0242.jpg</gallery> == References ==
<references>
<ref name="Rauvolfia chemical composition">[http://www.biologydiscussion.com/medicinal-plants/rauvolfia-serpentina-habitat-history-and-constituents/51900 Chemical Constituents]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://enhort.wikipediapurdue.orgedu/newcrop/CropFactSheets/wikirauvolfia.html Plant description]</Rauvolfia_serpentina ref> <ref name="wikipediaHow to plant/cultivate">[http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/biology/alkaloid/rauwolfia-sources-cultivation-and-uses-with-diagram/49643 Cultivation]</ref>
</references>
 
==External Links==
* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rauvolfia-serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina on science direct]
* [http://www.mpbd.info/plants/rauvolfia-serpentina.php Rauvolfia serpentina on MEDICINAL PLANTS OF BANGLADESH]
* [http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=2&topicid=1411 Rauvolfia serpentina on agriculture information.in]
* [https://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Rauwolfia-Cultivation-and-Collection-892.html Rauvolfia serpentina on biotech articles.com]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
[[Category:Apocynaceae]]
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