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2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid , p-hydroxy benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzaldenhyde, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, α-D-glucose and β-D-glucose.<ref name="chemical composition"/>

Common reed is found in most areas of the world from the cold temperate zone to the tropics. It grows best in areas where annual daytime temperatures are within the range 30 - 35°c, but can tolerate 7 - 40°c. Dormant plants are hardy to about -20°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 500 - 1,000mm, but tolerates 300 - 2,400mm.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>

* [https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=2937 Phragmites communison greatlakes]