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[[File:Melastoma malabathricum 09897.JPG|thumb|right|'' Melastoma malabathricum'']]
'''Melastoma malabathricum''', known also as Malabar melastome, Indian rhododendron, Singapore rhododendron, planter's rhododendron and senduduk, is a flowering plant in the family Melastomataceae.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Treat diarrhoeaDiarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Dysentery}},{{Uses|Hemorrhoids}},{{Uses|cuts and woundsWounds}},{{Uses|toothache, and stomachacheToothache}}.
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|leavesLeaves}}, {{Parts Used|shootsShoots}},{{Parts Used|barksBarks}}, {{Parts Used|seeds, and rootsSeeds}}.
==Chemical Composition==
Various phytochemical groups and constituents have been identified in M. malabathricum since 1968 and are strongly associated with its ethnomedicinal values. Earlier study by Lowry showed the presence of ellagic acid and anthocyanin (e.g., malvidin-3,5-diglucoside) in the methanol extract of M. malabathricum barks (MMMBk) and aqueous extract of M. malabathricum flowers (AMMFw), respectively. Meanwhile, Lowry also reported the presence of anthocyanins (e.g., cyanidin- (Cy-) 3-glucoside and Cy-3,5-diglucoside) in the water extract of M. malabathricum fruits (WMMFr). Manzoor-I-Khuda et al. reported the isolation of β-sitosterol and a triterpenoid designated as melastomic acid (5-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid) from the ethanolic extract of M. malabathricum roots (EMMR). Dinda and Saha reported the isolation of 1-octyl docosanoate and 11-methyl-1-tricontanol while Dinda and Saha [45] reported the presence of fatty acids and sterols. Das and Kotoky reported the isolation of a new aliphatic constituent, namely, 32-methyl-1-tritriacontanol, together with ursolic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid, and kaempferol from the leaves and flowers of M. malabathricum. Compounds like kaempferol-3-O-β-D-xyloside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside, flavan-3-ol, 4′-methylpeonidin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, anthocyanins, and tannins have also been isolated from the aerial part of M. malabathricum<ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=ಅಂಕೇರ್ಕಿ Ankerki, ದೊಡ್ಡ ನೆಕ್ಕರೆ Dodda nekkare|ml=Kalathi,Kadali,Athirani,Thodukkara,Kalampotti|sa=Tinisah|ta=Katalai|te=Nekkare, Nekkaresaelya|hi=|en=Malabar Melastome, Indian-rhododendron|mr=Lakeri, Palore}}<ref name="Common names"/>
==Properties==
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|rootsRoots}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
Shrubs to 1.3 m tall; stem densely covered with paleaceous pectinate hairs. Leaves 4-11 x 1.5-4 cm, elliptic-oblong, base attenuate, apex acute, upper surface prominently lineolate; lower surface tomentose, 5-ribbed, drying dull-greenish; petiole to 1.5 cm long. Flowers solitary or few in rather dense clusters, c. 5 cm across; bracts 1.2-2 x 1-1.4 cm, boat-shaped, densely paleaceous hairy. Calyx tube 0.7-1 cm long, campanulate; lobes 5, 5-7 x 4-5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, densely paleaceous hairy. Petals 5, reddish purple, 1.5-2 x 0.7 - 1 cm, obovate. Stamens 10, alternating ones large and small; anthers dimorphic, dehiscence by apical pores. Ovary ovoid, 5-locular; ovules many; style simple. Capsules 1-1.5 x 0.8-1 cm, ovoid, irregularly dehiscent. Seeds many, minute.
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Melastoma malabathricum subsp. malabathricum foliage.jpg
File:Melastoma malabathricum 100.JPG
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2012/258434/ Chemical constituents]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Plant description]</ref>
<ref name="Common names">[https://sites.google.com/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/m/melastoma-malabathricum-ssp-malabathricum Common names]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Cultivation"]</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/246672 Melastoma malabathricumon indiabiodiversity.org]
[[Category:Herbs]]
