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Jasminum grandiflorum - Balihrasa

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[[File:Jasminum grandiflorum 2.jpg|thumb|right|''Balihrasa'', ''Jasminum grandiflorum'']]
'''Balihrasa''' also known variously as the '''Spanish jasmine, Jasminum grandiflorum, Royal jasmine, Catalonian jasmine,''' among others is a species of jasmine. It is native to South Asia. The Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda) and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Bad breath}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Swelling}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Corns on feet}}, {{Uses|Paralysis}}, {{Uses|Skin dryness}}, {{Uses|Glowing skin}}.
'''Balihrasa'''==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Roots}}, also known variously as the '''Spanish jasmine{{Parts Used|Flowers}}, Jasminum grandiflorum{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, Royal jasmine{{Parts Used|Stem}}, Catalonian jasmine,''' among others is a species of jasmine native to South Asia, the Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda), and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China.{{Parts Used|Entire plant}}
== Description Chemical Composition==Flowers contain a volatile oil, jasminol, and indol. Essence also contains benzyl-acetate, linalol, indol, and a ketone called jasmone. Ethereal extract from the leaves yield an alkaloid, jasminine. Study reports salicylic acid and an astringent principle in the leaves.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
It is a scrambling deciduous shrub growing to 2–4 m tall. The leaves are opposite==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Ajjege|ml=Malati, Piccakam, Piccakamulla|sa=Balihrasa, 5–12 cm longChambeli|ta=Anankam, pinnate with 5–11 leaflets. The flowers are produced in open cymesCatimallikai, the individual flowers are white having corolla with a basal tube 13–25 mm long and five lobes 13–22 mm long.<ref nameCatimullai|te=Adivimalle, Chambeli|hi=Chameli|en="des"/> Royal Jasmine is climbing shrubs, 2-4 m.<ref name="flower"/> The flower's fragrance is unique and sweetSpanish jasmine}}.
==Useful part of the plantProperties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
*'''Leaves, Flowers, Root, Stem and the entire Jasmine plant is useful'''===Rasa===
== Uses =Guna=== *In India, its leaves are widely used as an [[Ayurvedic medicine]] and its flowers are used to adorn the coiffure of women.*By method of solvent extraction the Jasmine flowers are converted into Jasmine Concrete and Jasmine Oleoresin (sold as Jasmine Absolute). Both products have a huge demand in the fragrance industry.*It is popular as an alternative to standard western allopathic medicine for a variety of problems, including cancer (specially of the bone, lymph nodes and breast) stress relief, anxiety as well as depression.(unverified information)
*'''Skin Infections''' - Applying spanish jasmine flower or leaves oil will help to cure skin infections.*Spanish jasmine have many medicine qualities which cures many health problems.===Veerya===
==Common name=Vipaka===
* '''English''' - Spanish jasmine* '''Kannada''' - ಜಾಜಿ * '''Hindi''' - जाती ===Karma===
===Prabhava===
== References Habit== <references><ref name="des">[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=210000862 "Jasminum grandiflorum"]</ref><ref name="flower">[https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Royal%20Jasmine.html "Flowers of India"]</ref></references> {{Habit|Evergreen Climber}}
== External Links Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Petiolate|Opposite|Petiole and midrib margined; leaflets (5-) 7-11, glabrous, dark green, the upper pair with a broad flat base, often confluent with the terminal leaflet; the terminal hardly larger, ovate lanceolate, acuminate}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
[https://en===Flower==={{Flower|Bisexual|5 cm in diameter|White|5-20|Very fragrant and borne in clusters.wikipediaFlower buds are pinkish in colour and floral initiation is promoted by high day and low night temperatures.org/wiki/Jasminum_grandiflorum Jasminum_grandiflorum -Wikipedia]Flowers open early in the morning and oil content decreases by early morning}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|Seldom formed|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|Fruits are 2-lobed berries that turn black when ripe|12-20 seeds}}
 
===Other features===
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
* [[Kalyanaka kashaya churna]]
* [[Malatyadi taila]]
* [[Paranthyadi taila]]
* [[Vasanth kusumakara rasa]]
* [[Jatyadi ghrita]]
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
 
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Jasminum grandiflorum can be grown from the warm temperate to the tropical zones. When grown commercially, plantations are usually below elevations of 500 metres. Jasmine can be propagated by cuttings. It does not usually produce fruits. <ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Sub trophical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|Warm temperate}}.
 
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
Jasmin babby flower.jpg|Bud
Jasminum grandiflorum - പിച്ചകം.JPG|Leaves
File:Jazmín limonero.JPG|Flower
</gallery>
 
==References==
 
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.stuartxchange.org/Jasmin.html Constituents]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=210000862 Morphology]</ref>
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/11/30/jati-jasminum-grandiflorum-sambac-jasminum-officinale/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
 
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Jasminum+grandiflorum Cultivation Details]</ref>
</references>
 
==External Links==
* [https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/special-pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=1436 Jasminum-uses, side effects]
* [https://easyayurveda.com/2016/11/30/jati-jasminum-grandiflorum-sambac-jasminum-officinale/ Royal Jasmine on flowers of india]
* [https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Royal%20Jasmine.html Jasmine Plant-Grow and Care for Jasminum]
* [https://www.epicgardening.com/jasmine-plant/ Jasminum grandiflorum on florafaunaweb.nparks]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have flower, fruit and leaf photos]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
[[Category:Oleaceae]]
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