Caesalpinia sappan - Pathanga

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Pathanga, Caesalpinia sappan, Pattaranjaka

This plant has many uses. It possesses medicinal abilities as an antibacterial and for its anticoagulant properties. It also produces a valued type of reddish dye called brazilin, used for dyeing fabric as well as making red paints and inks. Slivers of heartwood are used for making herbal drinking water in various regions, such as Kerala, and Central Java, where it's usually mixed with Ginger, Cinnamon and Clove. Heartwood also contains juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), also an active antimicrobial principle.

Uses

Wounds, tuberculosis, dysentery, Curing liver disorders, Skin eruptions, Pimples, Diarrhea.

Parts Used

Dried Folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

tectorigenin, sappanone, 3-deoxysappanone, sappanchalcone, 3-deoxysappanchalcone

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada	Sappange
Hindi	Patamg, Bakam
Malayalam	Chappannam, Sappannam
Tamil	Sappamgu, Patamgam
Telugu	Bakaruchakka
Marathi	NA
Gujarathi	NA
Punjabi	NA
Kashmiri	NA
Sanskrit	Patrangah, Patangah
English	Sappan Wood, Brazil wood

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Simple	double-compound	alternately arranged, 20-45 cm long, 10-20 cm broad, with 8-16 pairs of up to 20 cm long side-stalks. Side-stalks are prickles at the base and with 10-20 pairs of oblong

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Unisexual	2-3 cm long	Yellow	5-20	Flowers Season is June - Augustand Stamens are waxy-white, filaments densely woolly at the base

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
woody pods		The heartwood which is used in medicine is light yellow when freshly cut, but it quickly changes to red	compressed with a hard recurved short beak	3-4 seeds	{{{6}}}

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

• Vishatinduka Taila as root juice extract

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Sappanwood succeeds in semi-arid to moist tropical regions

Commonly seen growing in areas

Secondary forest, near roadsides, forest-edges, limestone hills.

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