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Difference between revisions of "Bombax ceiba - Kutasalmali"

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[[File:Bombax-flower-leaf.jpg|thumb|right|''Shalmali'', ''Silk Cotton Tree'']]
 
[[File:Bombax-flower-leaf.jpg|thumb|right|''Shalmali'', ''Silk Cotton Tree'']]
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'''Bombax ceiba''' is a medicinal tree and is also referred as silent doctor. It is found in India, Malaysia, Sri lanka, Hong kong, Australia and Africa. Every part of this tree is used to treat various ailments.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Semen problems}}, {{Uses|Leucorrhoea}}, {{Uses|Over bleeding in menstruation}}, {{Uses|Acne}}, {{Uses|Skin blemish}}, {{Uses|Pigmentation}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cold}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}, {{Uses|Cough}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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Shalmali is a genus of mainly tropical trees in the mallow family. They are native to western Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, as well as subtropical regions of East Asia and northern Australia. Distinguish from the genus Ceiba which has whiter flowers.
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===Food===
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Bombax ceiba can be used in food. Young roots are roasted over fi re and eaten. Flower buds and fruits are cooked as vegetable, petals used in
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preparation of jam<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
  
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Common names for the genus include silk cotton tree, simal, red cotton tree, kapok, and simply bombax. In Chinese they are known as Mumian (Chinese: 木棉; pinyin: mùmián), meaning "tree cotton". Currently four species are recognised, although many plants have been placed in the genus that were later moved.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Flower}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
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The genus is best known for the species B. ceiba, which is widely cultivated throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is native to southern and eastern Asia and northern Australia.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Stem and root bark contains lupeol, β-sitosterol, naphthoquinone compound, phenolic substances, a lactone, 4 sesquiterpenes. Root yields triacontanol, β- sitosterol.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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Bombax species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the leaf-miner Bucculatrix crateracma which feeds exclusively on Bombax ceiba.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Marahatti, Kempu booruga|ml=Unnamurika|sa=Shalmali, Semul, Simul|ta=Sittan, Sanmali|te=Buruga|hi=Shalmali|en=Silk Cotton Tree, Kapok Tree}}
  
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==Common name==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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* '''English''' -  Red cotton tree
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===Rasa===
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Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Snigda (haevy)
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===Veerya===
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Sheeta (cold)
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===Vipaka===
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Madhura (Sweet)
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===Karma===
  
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== External Links ==
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===Prabhava===
  
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombax Bombax-Wikipedia]
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===Nutritional components===
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Kutasalmali contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin-A, C and E; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Sodium<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Deciduous tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Digitate|Leaf Shape is Oblong-lanceolate or elliptic and Leaf Arrangement is Alternate -spiral}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Solitary, paired or clustered; blood red. Flowering from April-March}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Oblong capsule|7–10 mm|Fruiting April onwards|A loculicidal, oblong capsule, 5-valved|Many}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Shalmali ghrita]], [[Chandanasava]], [[Himasagara tailam]], [[Vigorex]], [[Gangadhara Churna]], [[Pushyanuga Churna]], [[Narasimha Lehya]], [[Palasugandi Lehya]], [[Abhayarishta]], [[Ushiraasava]], [[Jeevani]], [[Abhayalepa]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/><ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==Cultivation Details==
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Seed - sown fresh, without pre-treatment, they have a high germination rate. Some reports suggest germination rates can be improved by pre-soaking the seeds for 12 hours prior to sowing<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Bombax ceiba is available through February to June<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
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==Season to grow==
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Summer
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==Required Ecosystem/Climate==
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It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil.
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==Kind of soil needed==
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Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.<ref name="Kind of soil needed"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Hot region}}, {{Commonly seen|At elevations below 1,400 metres}}, {{Commonly seen|Humid lowland deciduous forests}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry river valleys}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Image:Bombax ceiba.jpg|Leaves
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Image:Cotton tree at Tsing Yi Island.jpg|Flowering
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File:Semal (Bombax ceiba)- Young tree in Kolkata W IMG 9737.jpg|Whole tree
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Image:Bombax-flower-leaf.jpg|Flower
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File:Semal (Bombax ceiba) trunk of an old tree in Kolkata W IMG 4122.jpg|Stem
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File:HK CottonTreeSeed.JPG|Seeds
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File:Flower of Bombax ceiba in Comilla.jpg|Flower
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File:Shembal (Hindi- शेंबल) (2318485941).jpg|Fruits
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File:Starr 070515-7030 Bombax ceiba.jpg|Floss
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File:Bombax ceiba with Cracking Fruits.JPG|Opening fruits
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.mpbd.info/plants/bombax-ceiba.php Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2012/10/03/shalmali-silk-cotton-tree-ayurveda-use-formulations-home-remedies/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31106 Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bombax+ceiba Cultivation Details]</ref>
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<ref name="Kind of soil needed">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bombax+ceiba Kind of soil needed]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.234, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.30, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
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</references>
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Silk%20Cotton%20Tree.html Bombax on flowers of india]
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* [http://www.sanctuaryasia.com/photography/photofeature/9775-bombax-ceiba--one-tree-a-universe-by-raman-kulkarni.html Bombax Ceiba – One Tree, A Universe By Raman Kulkarni]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2012/10/03/shalmali-silk-cotton-tree-ayurveda-use-formulations-home-remedies/ Bombax-uses, Homeremedies, Medicines]
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* [https://www.bimbima.com/mens-health/medicinal-use-of-semal-or-silk-cotton-tree/1480/ Medicinal Use Of Semal Or Silk Cotton Tree]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Malvaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:14, 18 April 2023

Shalmali, Silk Cotton Tree

Bombax ceiba is a medicinal tree and is also referred as silent doctor. It is found in India, Malaysia, Sri lanka, Hong kong, Australia and Africa. Every part of this tree is used to treat various ailments.

Uses

Semen problems, Leucorrhoea, Over bleeding in menstruation, Acne, Skin blemish, Pigmentation, Wounds, Cold, Sore throats, Cough[1]

Food

Bombax ceiba can be used in food. Young roots are roasted over fi re and eaten. Flower buds and fruits are cooked as vegetable, petals used in preparation of jam[2].

Parts Used

Flower, Leaf, Root, Bark[1]

Chemical Composition

Stem and root bark contains lupeol, β-sitosterol, naphthoquinone compound, phenolic substances, a lactone, 4 sesquiterpenes. Root yields triacontanol, β- sitosterol.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Marahatti, Kempu booruga
Hindi Shalmali
Malayalam Unnamurika
Tamil Sittan, Sanmali
Telugu Buruga
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Shalmali, Semul, Simul
English Silk Cotton Tree, Kapok Tree


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Snigda (haevy)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Kutasalmali contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin-A, C and E; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Sodium[2]

Habit

Deciduous tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Digitate Leaf Shape is Oblong-lanceolate or elliptic and Leaf Arrangement is Alternate -spiral

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Solitary, paired or clustered; blood red. Flowering from April-March

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Oblong capsule 7–10 mm Fruiting April onwards A loculicidal, oblong capsule, 5-valved Many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Shalmali ghrita, Chandanasava, Himasagara tailam, Vigorex, Gangadhara Churna, Pushyanuga Churna, Narasimha Lehya, Palasugandi Lehya, Abhayarishta, Ushiraasava, Jeevani, Abhayalepa[5][1]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

Cultivation Details

Seed - sown fresh, without pre-treatment, they have a high germination rate. Some reports suggest germination rates can be improved by pre-soaking the seeds for 12 hours prior to sowing[6]. Bombax ceiba is available through February to June[2].

Season to grow

Summer

Required Ecosystem/Climate

It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil.

Kind of soil needed

Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.[7]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Hot region, At elevations below 1,400 metres, Humid lowland deciduous forests, Dry river valleys.

Photo Gallery

  • Leaves

  • Flowering

  • Whole tree

  • Flower

  • Stem

  • Seeds

  • Flower

  • Fruits

  • Floss

  • Opening fruits

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.234, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.30, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  3. ↑ Chemical constituents
  4. ↑ Morphology
  5. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  6. ↑ Cultivation Details
  7. ↑ Kind of soil needed

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Bombax_ceiba_-_Kutasalmali&oldid=57210"